scholarly journals China’s Use of AI in its COVID-19 Response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Chinese Companies ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Control And Prevention

The current global pandemic has given China a chance to amplify its efforts to apply artificial intelligence across the public and private spheres. Chinese companies are developing and retooling AI systems for control and prevention. This data brief assesses the types of AI technologies used to fight COVID-19 and the key players involved in this industry.

Blockchain Technology and Its Uses in the Tourism Industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
Yunus Topsakal
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The public and private sectors will undergo a significant transformation with the use of blockchain technology, and this potential of blockchain technology will be influential in all areas of life. In addition, blockchain technology can help ease the integration of the Internet of Things, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence applications. The question of how such a technology that is in the process of development will be applied in areas such as taxation, notary operations, and banking, arises simultaneously. Studies related to blockchain technology have mainly been carried out in the fields of finance, logistics, banking, and education. However, there is a paucity of studies on blockchain technology in the tourism industry which has an important role in the global economy. Therefore, the potential of using blockchain technology in the tourism industry is evaluated in this chapter. For this purpose, the features, advantages, and disadvantages of blockchain technology are explained. The potential uses of blockchain technology in the tourism industry are then discussed.

scholarly journals Dynamic Response Systems of Healthcare Mask Production to COVID-19: A Case Study of Korea

Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
EunSu Lee ◽  
Yi-Yu Chen ◽  
Melanie McDonald ◽  
Erin O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Democratic Leadership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Response System ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Korea initiated a new experiment, called a dynamic response system for open democratic societies as a principle to respond to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The global pandemic of COVID-19 led to a surge in demand for healthcare medical masks and respirators, and strained the global supply chain of mask production and distribution systems. This study provides a systemic view of critical personal protective equipment for both healthcare staff and the public to stop the spread of COVID-19. This study investigates the dynamic response system of healthcare mask production to the coronavirus and discusses lessons learned in view of systems thinking. The study shows that it is critical to developing a quick and dynamic response system to the evolving market conditions with flexible and agile operations. Visibility with transparency with information sharing with the public is also critical under global pandemic. Due to the shortage of mask supply, smart consumption is required along with collaboration with public and private sectors, as well as global organizations. Democratic leadership and a well-prepared strategic plan for long-term period are essential to the open society to prepare the global pandemic in the future. This study serves as a benchmark for dynamic and timely responses to the global pandemic.

Creepy Technologies and the Privacy Issues of Invasive Technologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-268
Author(s):  
Rochell R. McWhorter ◽  
Elisabeth E. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Corporate Networks ◽  
Consumer Privacy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mistaken Identity ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Privacy Issues

Technology has become increasingly invasive and corporate networks are expanding into public and private spaces to collect unprecedented data and provide new services such as artificial intelligence and through unsettling human-like personas. The term “creepy technology” is appearing in the literature along with concerns for privacy, ethical boundaries, cybersecurity, and mistaken identity but is also in news articles to inform the public about technology advances that affect consumer privacy. Invasive technology provides the impetus for external adaptation for many organizations and current trends require rapid adaption to potential threats to security. Also, usability addresses how users respond and adapt to new technology. This chapter includes the presentation of an exploratory study of how the public responded to various technology announcements (N=689 responses) and results indicated a significant response to invasive technologies and some sense of freedom to opine. This chapter also provides discussion of interventions that are critical to both public and private sectors.

Performance objectives of public private partnership implementation in Malaysia: perception of key players

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosnani Mohamad ◽  
Suhaiza Ismail ◽  
Julia Mohd Said
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Key Players ◽  
The Government

Purpose The objectives of this present study are twofold. First, it aims to investigate the performance objectives of PPP implementation in Malaysia. Second, it aims to examine the differences in the perceptions of two PPP key players – the public and private sectors – pertaining to the performance objectives. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey was used to elicit the perceptions of the public and private sectors concerning the performance objectives of PPP projects in Malaysia; 237 usable responses were obtained and analysed using SPSS to rank the importance of the performance objectives and to examine the differences in the perceptions between the government and private sectors. Findings The results reveal that the five most important performance objectives for PPP implementation in Malaysia based on overall respondents’ perceptions are “High-quality public service”, “Provide convenient service for society”, “Within or under budget”, “On-time or earlier” and “Satisfy the need for more public facilities”. As for differences in the perceptions of the two key players, only one objective was perceived as statistically more important by the public sector respondents than by their private sector counterparts. Originality/value The contribution of this paper is that it not only provides empirical evidence for the performance objectives for PPP implementation in Malaysia, but also offers evidence concerning the differences in the perceptions of the public and private sectors pertaining to the performance objectives.

Human Rights and Technology: New Challenges for Justice and Accountability

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-240
Author(s):  
Molly K. Land ◽  
Jay D. Aronson
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Public Service ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Face ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Fact Finding

This review surveys contemporary challenges in the field of technology and human rights. The increased use of artificial intelligence (AI) in decision making in the public and private sectors—e.g., in criminal justice, employment, public service, and financial contexts—poses significant threats to human rights. AI obscures and attenuates responsibility for harms in ways that undermine traditional mechanisms for holding wrongdoers accountable. Further, technologies that scholars and practitioners once thought would democratize human rights fact finding have been weaponized by state and non-state actors. They are now used to surveil and track citizens and spread disinformation that undermines public trust in knowledge. Addressing these challenges requires efforts to ensure that the development and implementation of new technologies respects and promotes human rights. Traditional distinctions between public and private must be updated to remain relevant in the face of deeply enmeshed state and corporate action in connection with technological innovation.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence for the public sector: opportunities and challenges of cross-sector collaboration

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (2128) ◽  
pp. 20170357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slava Jankin Mikhaylov ◽  
Marc Esteve ◽  
Averill Campion
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Uncertainty

Public sector organizations are increasingly interested in using data science and artificial intelligence capabilities to deliver policy and generate efficiencies in high-uncertainty environments. The long-term success of data science and artificial intelligence (AI) in the public sector relies on effectively embedding it into delivery solutions for policy implementation. However, governments cannot do this integration of AI into public service delivery on their own. The UK Government Industrial Strategy is clear that delivering on the AI grand challenge requires collaboration between universities and the public and private sectors. This cross-sectoral collaborative approach is the norm in applied AI centres of excellence around the world. Despite their popularity, cross-sector collaborations entail serious management challenges that hinder their success. In this article we discuss the opportunities for and challenges of AI for the public sector. Finally, we propose a series of strategies to successfully manage these cross-sectoral collaborations.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The growing ubiquity of algorithms in society: implications, impacts and innovations’.

AI, a Provenance or Solution for Financial Crime

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Suzan Dsouza ◽  
Houshang Habibniya ◽  
Rezart Demiraj
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Financial Crime ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Financial Crimes ◽  
Current Behavior

This article consists a review of the existing literature on artificial intelligence (AI) with respect to financial crimes. The purpose is to notify the unintentional bad impacts and intentional good impacts of AI applications in relation to financial crimes. This article has reinforced the discussions stating AI applications to be considered as a solution for financial crimes instead of being criticized as the cause for financial crime. The public and private sectors both need be alert with the unintentional harm caused by cybercrime. The current behavior of AI is considered as an accelerator or an antidote to financial crimes, specific to cybercrimes. It is advised to apply criminal law to control cybercrimes. However, holding the AI agents responsible is considered to be an inappropriate mechanism. Thus, AI systems are still not deemed to be capable of forming a proper legitimate system in order to curb the financial crimes.

Creepy Technologies and the Privacy Issues of Invasive Technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1726-1745
Author(s):  
Rochell R. McWhorter ◽  
Elisabeth E. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Corporate Networks ◽  
Consumer Privacy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mistaken Identity ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Privacy Issues

Technology has become increasingly invasive and corporate networks are expanding into public and private spaces to collect unprecedented data and provide new services such as artificial intelligence and through unsettling human-like personas. The term “creepy technology” is appearing in the literature along with concerns for privacy, ethical boundaries, cybersecurity, and mistaken identity but is also in news articles to inform the public about technology advances that affect consumer privacy. Invasive technology provides the impetus for external adaptation for many organizations and current trends require rapid adaption to potential threats to security. Also, usability addresses how users respond and adapt to new technology. This chapter includes the presentation of an exploratory study of how the public responded to various technology announcements (N=689 responses) and results indicated a significant response to invasive technologies and some sense of freedom to opine. This chapter also provides discussion of interventions that are critical to both public and private sectors.

Covid-19 and its Effects on Work Life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nükhet Hotar
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Isolation Requirements ◽  
Distance Working ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Virtual Shopping

Covid-19 which emerged in Wuhan province of China, evolved into a global pandemic within a short time has had social and economic effects besides its influence on public health. Research has shown that during the pandemic, besides health sector, manufacturing, tourism and education sectors have been affected adversely. In addition to its sectoral repercussions, the changes it has caused on working life should also be taken into consideration. In parallel with the practices in many other countries, our country has taken measures in order to slow down the spread of the virus and the to minimize the number of employees in the same working place such as distance working and rotated working in public and private sectors and etc. Due to physical isolation requirements during the pandemic period, individuals have got to know new practices and concepts such as virtual shopping, distance education and have tried to adapt themselves to them. Individuals who actively take part in working life have also been encountered with concepts such as distance working and rotated working. All foundation and enterprises have strived for taking the measures of hygiene stipulated by the public authority while trying to ensure the adaptation process takes place with efficiency and without loss of workforce. In both public and private sectors, online meetings, conferences and activities etc. and non-spatial life style and working system have become a part of individuals’ lives. This study is aimed at coming up with a future projection by handling the effects of COVID-19 pandemic has caused on working life.

scholarly journals Painful conversations: Therapeutic chatbots and public capacities

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Misti Yang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Relationship

Today, conversations automated by algorithms and delivered via screens seek to heal wounds such as substance use disorders, wartime traumas, and a global pandemic. This article explores the relationship between painful conversations, automated discourse, and public action. By articulating what is lost when therapeutic conversations are had with artificial intelligence, I illustrate that painful, human conversations expand capacities—contextualizing, norm-building, and caring—that are necessary for the public reparation of wounds.

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