Diagnostic and Therapeutic Laparoscopy For Undescended Testes

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Tayfun Oktar ◽  
Faruk Kucukdurmaz
Keyword(s):  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Therapeutic Laparoscopy

scholarly journals Laparoscopy in Liver Transplantation: The Future Has Arrived

HPB Surgery ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quirino Lai ◽  
Rafael S. Pinheiro ◽  
Giovanni B. Levi Sandri ◽  
Gabriele Spoletini ◽  
Fabio Melandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Therapeutic Laparoscopy ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
End Stage

In the last two decades, laparoscopy has revolutionized the field of surgery. Many procedures previously performed with an open access are now routinely carried out with the laparoscopic approach. Several advantages are associated with laparoscopic surgery compared to open procedures: reduced pain due to smaller incisions and hemorrhaging, shorter hospital length of stay, and a lower incidence of wound infections. Liver transplantation (LT) brought a radical change in life expectancy of patients with hepatic end-stage disease. Today, LT represents the standard of care for more than fifty hepatic pathologies, with excellent results in terms of survival. Surely, with laparoscopy and LT being one of the most continuously evolving challenges in medicine, their recent combination has represented an astonishing scientific progress. The intent of the present paper is to underline the current role of diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy in patients waiting for LT, in the living donor LT and in LT recipients.

UPDATE ON CONGENITAL VERSUS ACQUIRED UNDESCENDED TESTES: INCIDENCE, DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1010-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Bonney ◽  
John Hutson ◽  
Bridget Southwell ◽  
Don Newgreen
Keyword(s):  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Different surgical findings in congenital and acquired undescended testes

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 (8b) ◽  
pp. E387-E391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn van Brakel ◽  
Gert R. Dohle ◽  
Sabine M.P.F. de Muinck Keizer-Schrama ◽  
Frans W. Hazebroek
Keyword(s):  
Undescended Testes

The area and attachment abnormalities of the gubernaculum in patients with undescended testes in comparison with those with retractile testes

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1149-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Kubota ◽  
Kengo Nakaya ◽  
Yuhki Arai ◽  
Toshiyuki Ohyama ◽  
Naoki Yokota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Retractile Testes

The unidirectional testicular tunneller: a simple, safe and novel device for orchidopexy in patients with palpable undescended testes

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
Jonathan Evans ◽  
Chryz Cosgrove ◽  
Simon Huddart ◽  
Anthony Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Novel Device

scholarly journals Rapid evolution and molecular convergence in cryptorchidism-related genes associated with inherently undescended testes in mammals

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simin Chai ◽  
Ran Tian ◽  
Juanjuan Bi ◽  
Shixia Xu ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Development ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Testicular Descent ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Genomic Analyses ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Convergence

Abstract Background The mammalian testis is an important male exocrine gland and spermatozoa-producing organ that usually lies in extra-abdominal scrotums to provide a cooler environment for spermatogenesis and sperm storage. Testicles sometimes fail to descend, leading to cryptorchidism. However, certain groups of mammals possess inherently ascrotal testes (i.e. testes that do not descend completely or at all) that have the same physiological functions as completely descended scrotal testes. Although several anatomical and hormonal factors involved in testicular descent have been studied, there is still a paucity of comprehensive research on the genetic mechanisms underlying the evolution of testicular descent in mammals and how mammals with ascrotal testes maintain their reproductive health. Results We performed integrative phenotypic and comparative genomic analyses of 380 cryptorchidism-related genes and found that the mammalian ascrotal testes trait is derived from an ancestral scrotal state. Rapidly evolving genes in ascrotal mammals were enriched in the Hedgehog pathway—which regulates Leydig cell differentiation and testosterone secretion—and muscle development. Moreover, some cryptorchidism-related genes in ascrotal mammals had undergone positive selection and contained specific mutations and indels. Genes harboring convergent/parallel amino acid substitutions between ascrotal mammals were enriched in GTPase functions. Conclusions Our results suggest that the scrotal testis is an ancestral state in mammals, and the ascrotal phenotype was derived multiple times in independent lineages. In addition, the adaptive evolution of genes involved in testicular descent and the development of the gubernaculum contributed to the evolution of ascrotal testes. Accurate DNA replication, the proper segregation of genetic material, and appropriate autophagy are the potential mechanisms for maintaining physiological normality during spermatogenesis in ascrotal mammals. Furthermore, the molecular convergence of GTPases is probably a mechanism in the ascrotal testes of different mammals. This study provides novel insights into the evolution of the testis and scrotum in mammals and contributes to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of cryptorchidism in humans.

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