scholarly journals Hemophagocytic Syndrome due to Leishmania Infection Diagnosed with Immunofluorescence Antibody Test

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-165
Author(s):  
Hakan Sarbay ◽  
Yasemin Isik Balci ◽  
Selin Guler ◽  
Meral Turk ◽  
Mehmet Akin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemophagocytic Syndrome ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in dogs of riverside communities of Mato Grosso Pantanal, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Yuki Rodrigues ◽  
Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Eveline da Cruz Boa Sorte ◽  
Naiani Domingos Gasparetto ◽  
Felipe Augusto Constantino Seabra da Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan with worldwide distribution and dogs act as sentinels of human infection. This search aimed to determine the occurrence of antibodies against T. gondii in dogs of the communities on the Cuiabá River, Mato Grosso and variables associated with infection. The dogs of the riverside communities in Cuiabá River, which includes Barranco Alto, Praia do Poço, Engenho Velho, Varginha, Bom Sucesso, Passagem da Conceição and São Gonçalo Beira Rio, were evaluated for the presence of T. gondii antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The prevalence and factors associated with infection were calculated by chi-squared test (χ2) or Fisher’s exact test, and univariate and multiple analysis. Of the 248 dogs surveyed, 107 (43.1%) were seropositive for T. gondii. The seroprevalence ranged from 25.6% to 64.3%. There was no statistically significant difference between the communities studied (p > 0.05). As for the associated factors, the only statistically significant factor was that of dogs living with cats (p = 0.02), with approximately twice the risk of acquiring infection. In conclusion, the seroprevalence in dogs of riverside communities in the Baixada Cuiabana demonstrated that high rates of infection, being the factor associated with infection, contact with domestic cats.

scholarly journals Low prevalence of infection by Sarcocystis neurona in horses from the State of Alagoas, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Regina Fonseca de Araújo Valença ◽  
Müller Ribeiro-Andrade ◽  
Gastón Moré ◽  
Pedro Paulo Feitosa de Albuquerque ◽  
José Wilton Pinheiro Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Sarcocystis Neurona ◽  
Animal Management ◽  
Serological Status ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Low Exposure ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection by Sarcocystis neurona in horses and identify potential risk factors. Were analyzed 427 samples from 36 farms in 21 municipalities in the Alagoas State, Brazil. Presence of anti-S. neurona antibodies was diagnosed by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and was confirmed using the immunoblot test. Risk factors were assessed through investigative questionnaires on animal management on the farms. The prevalence of anti-S.neurona antibodies was 2.8% (confidence interval, CI: 1.5-4.9%) from IFAT and 1.6% (CI:0.8-3.34%) from immunoblot, and there were positive horses on 16.6% of the studied farms. None of the variables studied presented associations with serological status for S. neurona. This is the first report on infection by S. neurona in horses reared in Alagoas, Brazil showing a low exposure to S. neurona in this region, but with significant numbers of foci.

scholarly journals An indirect immunofluorescence antibody test employing whole eggs as the antigen for the diagnosis of abdominal angiostrongyliasis

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Abrahams-Sandi ◽  
Paolo Mesén-Ramírez ◽  
Dimelsa Suarez-Chacón ◽  
Katherine Fernández-Quesada
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

scholarly journals Giardia sp. and Cryptosporidium sp. in Iberian Wolf

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 1579
Author(s):  
A.L. PEREIRA ◽  
T. L. MATEUS ◽  
L. LLANEZ ◽  
S. D. DUARTE
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
First Report ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody ◽  
Canis Lupus Signatus ◽  
Iberian Wolf

A subsample consisting of fifty fecal samples from wild Iberian Wolf (Canis lupus signatus), from the northwest of Spain were collected in the field. The samples were analyzed for cysts of Giardia sp. and oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp. using a direct immunofluorescence antibody test (IFA). Giardia sp. and Cryptosporidium sp. were found in 20.0 % of the samples examined. Simple infections were more frequent (90.0 %) with seven (14.0 %) positive for Giardia sp. and two (4.0 %) positive for Cryptosporidium sp. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of occurrence of Cryptosporidium sp. in Iberian Wolf.

scholarly journals Serological and Molecular Findings of Leishmania Infection in Healthy Donkeys (Equus asinus) from a Canine Leishmaniosis Endemic Focus in Tuscany, Italy: A Preliminary Report

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Iolanda Altomonte ◽  
Federica Salari ◽  
Mina Martini ◽  
Francesca Mancianti
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Canine Leishmaniosis ◽  
Equus Asinus ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Positive Score ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test

Leishmania parasites are considered to be emergent zoonotic pathogens, which is a new concept regarding their epidemiology and the identification of novel animal hosts. The present study is the first in Italy to evaluate anti Leishmania seroprevalence, and the first in Europe to detect parasite DNA in donkeys’ blood. The study was performed on jennies living in a Leishmania infantum endemic area of Central Italy. One hundred and ten blood samples were obtained from 67 healthy lactating Amiatina jennies that were semi-extensively reared in Tuscany. When possible, more than one sample was subsequently obtained from the same subject. All samples were processed by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For the results, 11 out of 30 animals (36.7%) showed positive scores under IFAT. In addition, 22 out of the other 37 jennies had positive scores, also. The animals showed titers ranging from 40 to 320. Furthermore, 2 subjects that were submitted for 2 and 3 blood samplings, both had more than one positive score. Moreover, 2 seropositive animals were positive for Leishmania DNA. Donkeys are considered to be a preferred source for a sandfly blood meal, even if clinical leishmaniosis has never been reported in Europe for this animal species. In the view of these facts, our preliminary findings would suggest the role of donkey as a potential reservoir for this protozoan agent. Additional studies would be welcome to elucidate the role of the donkey in Leishmania epidemiology of CanL endemic areas and to confirm the preliminary findings and the hypothesis proposed here.

scholarly journals Occurrences of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiand anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in Barbary sheep at Curitiba zoo, southern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien Midori Morikawa ◽  
Cristina Kraemer Zimpel ◽  
Igor Adolfo Dexheimer Paploski ◽  
Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara ◽  
Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Ammotragus Lervia ◽  
Barbary Sheep ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) have the potential to act as hosts of important infectious diseases, particularly zoonoses. Blood samples from 17 Barbary sheep at the Curitiba zoo were collected to evaluate occurrences of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies, tested using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected in 4/17 (23.5%) and 4/17 (23.5%) samples, respectively. The present study has shown that Barbary sheep at Curitiba zoo were exposed to T. gondii andN. caninum and therefore may act as intermediate hosts, spreading toxoplasmosis and neosporosis within and between species in shared areas.

scholarly journals Toward Diagnosing Leishmania infantum Infection in Asymptomatic Dogs in an Area Where Leishmaniasis Is Endemic

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Otranto ◽  
P. Paradies ◽  
D. de Caprariis ◽  
D. Stanneck ◽  
G. Testini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

ABSTRACT The most frequently used diagnostic methods were compared in a longitudinal survey with Leishmania infantum-infected asymptomatic dogs from an area of Italy where leishmaniasis is endemic. In February and March 2005, 845 asymptomatic dogs were tested by an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), a dipstick assay (DS), and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for L. infantum and by IFAT for Ehrlichia canis. Dogs seronegative for L. infantum were further parasitologically evaluated by microscopic examination of lymph node tissues and PCR of skin samples. A total of 204 animals both serologically and parasitologically negative for L. infantum at the first sampling were enrolled in the trial and were further examined for canine leishmaniasis (CanL) and canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in November 2005 (i.e., the end of the first sandfly season) and March 2006 and 2007 (1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively). At the initial screening, the overall rates of L. infantum seroprevalence were 9.5% by IFAT, 17.1% by ELISA, and 9.8% by DS and the overall rate of E. canis seroprevalence was 15%. The rates of concordance between the results of IFAT and DS were almost equal, whereas the rate of concordance between the results of IFAT and DS and those of the ELISA was lower. The results of the annual incidence of Leishmania infection were variable, depending on the test employed, with the highest values registered for PCR (i.e., 5.7% and 11.4% at the 1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively), followed by ELISA, IFAT, and DS. Over the 2 years of observation, 55 animals (i.e., 26.9%) became positive for L. infantum by one or more diagnostic tests at different follow-up times, with 12.7% showing clinical signs related to CanL, while the remaining 87.3% were asymptomatic. A diagnostic scheme for assessment of the L. infantum infection status in asymptomatic dogs is suggested.

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