scholarly journals Giardia muris Infection in Laboratory Rats (Rattus norvegicus) and Treatment with Metronidazole

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunus Emre Beyhan ◽  
Murat Hokelek
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Giardia Muris

Comparative studies of Giardia spp. in small mammals in southern Ontario. I. Prevalence and identity of the parasites with a taxonomic discussion of the genus

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1348-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Grant ◽  
Patrick T. K. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Meadow Voles ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
Giardia Muris

Giardia microti Kofoid and Christiansen, 1915 was identified in 98.8% (322 of 326) of meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) and G. peromysci Filice, 1952 emend, in 98% (48 of 49) of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) that were livetrapped at six locations in southern Ontario. One feral brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) was infected with Giardia simoni Lavier, 1924 and Giardia muris Grassi, 1881. Laboratory rats (Wistar strain) harboured only G. simoni and laboratory mice (C3H strain) were infected with G. muris. Golden hampsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were infected with Giardia mesocricetus Filice, 1952 emend.Giardia spp. were separated into two morphologically distinct groups. Trophozoites of G. muris and G. mesocricetus were almost as wide as long and had round or oval centrally situated median bodies. Trophozoites of G. microti, Giardia peromysci, and G. simoni were elongate with long curved median bodies lying perpendicular to the long axis of the trophozoite.Further differentiation of species was not possible by comparing trophozoite morphology but was accomplished by comparing the average lengths and widths of trophozoites.

Neospora caninum (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) infections in rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1595-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Lindsay ◽  
J. P. Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Methylprednisolone Acetate ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Experimental Inoculation ◽  
Caninum Tachyzoites ◽  
Subcutaneous Inoculation

The susceptibility of laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) to experimental inoculation with tachyzoites of Neospora caninum was examined. Groups of female rats were intramuscularly injected with 0, 2, or 4 mg of methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) 7 days prior to, and on the day of, subcutaneous inoculation with 0 or 1.5 × 105 tachyzoites. Clinical signs of disease or deaths did not occur in rats given nothing or only N. caninum tachyzoites. Rats given only 4 mg MPA failed to grow as well as rats given nothing or only N. caninum tachyzoites but were otherwise healthy. All of 20 rats given 4 mg MPA and tachyzoites died of hepatitis and pneumonia within 12 days postinoculation. Hepatic necrosis was the most striking lesion seen in these rats, and other milder lesions consisted of pneumonia, encephalitis, and myositis. The response of rats given 2 mg MPA and tachyzoites was less severe. Three of 20 rats died with encephalitis, myositis, hepatitis, and pancreatitis. Mild lesions, but no N. caninum tachyzoites, were seen in 3 of 14 rats inoculated only with tachyzoites. Rats given the 4 mg MPA treatment and inoculated with N. caninum tachyzoites appear to be suitable subjects for examining acute neosporosis and could be used in studies designed to examine treatment of acute disease.

scholarly journals Hymenolepiasis in Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) With Its Zoonotic Potential in Mymensingh District of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-259
Author(s):  
Rahul Pratap Singh ◽  
Babul Chandra Roy ◽  
Asish Kumer Debnath ◽  
Sultana Fizun Nahar ◽  
Md Hasanuzzaman Talukder
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Hygiene Practices

Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta are globally widespread zoonotic cestodes and rats act as main reservoir host of these cestodes. Wild brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are the most common rats usually live in human’s dwellings, especially in areas of low socioeconomic status and low levels of hygiene practices. Since there is scarcity of information of the hymenolepiasis in rats in Bangladesh, therefore the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of H. nana and H. diminuta in wild and laboratory rats. A total of 60 rats were collected from the residential areas of rural villages of Mymensingh sadar and the Bangladesh Agricultural University campus and 10 were from the laboratory of the Department of Parasitology, BAU, Mymensingh. The rats were killed by cardiac puncture and tapeworms were collected and subsequently were subjected for morphological study under the stereomicroscope. Two species of cestodes, namely H. nana and H. diminuta were detected showing the overall prevalence of 23.3 % and 35 % respectively. The high prevalence of H. nana (30%) was determined in rats captured from the rural village areas whereas H. diminuta was found more prevalent (60%) in the laboratory rats. The result of the current study suggests that H. nana infection in rural village areas may act as a risk factor for the zoonotic transmission of hymenolepiasis to human in Bangladesh. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(2): 255-259,  August 2020

scholarly journals Differential responses by urban brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) toward male or female-produced scents in sheltered and high-risk presentations

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H Parsons ◽  
Michael A Deutsch ◽  
Dani Dumitriu ◽  
Jason Munshi-South
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Wild Rats ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
Null Response ◽  
Female Laboratory

Abstract Wild rats (Rattus norvegicus) are among the most ubiquitous and consequential organisms in the urban environment. However, collecting data from city rats is difficult, and there has been little research to determine the influence, or valence, of rat scents on urban conspecifics. Using a mark-release-monitor protocol, we previously learned rats can be attracted to remote-sensing points when baited with mixed-bedding from male and female laboratory rats. It was thus essential that we disambiguate which scents were eliciting attraction (+ valence), inspection, a conditioned response whereby attraction may be followed by avoidance (–valence), or null-response (0 valence). We used radio-frequency identification tagging and scent-baited antennas to assess extended (>40 days) responses to either male or female scents against two risk presentations (near-shelter and exposed to predators). In response to male scents, rats (n = 8) visited both treatments (shelter, exposed) more than controls (0.2 visits/day treatment vs. 0.1/day; P < 0.05) indicating scents accounted for response more so than risk. Dwell-times, however, did not differ (1.2 s/visit treatment vs. 0.9 s/visit; P > 0.5). These outcomes are consistent with inspection (–valence). In response to female scents, rats (n = 7) increased visitation (5.02 visits/day vs. 0.1/day controls; P < 0.05), while dwell-times also increased 6.8 s/visit vs. 0.2 s/visit in both risk-settings. The latter is consistent with persistent attraction (+valence), but was also influenced by shelter, as runway visits (1.1 visits/day) were a magnitude more common than predator-exposed (0.1 visits/day). Further understanding and exploiting the mobility of city rats is necessary for improvements in basic and applied research, including city pathogen-surveillance and urban wildlife management.

Comparative studies of Giardia spp. in small mammals in southern Ontario. III. Duration and cyst production in natural and experimental infections

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Grant ◽  
Patrick T. K. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Meadow Voles ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Experimental Infections ◽  
Cyst Production ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Giardia Muris ◽  
Rats And Mice

Experimental infections of Giardia-free laboratory rats and mice with their respective parasites (Giardia simoni in rats and Giardia muris in mice) demonstrated that the infections persisted for the duration of the study period (4 months). Similarly, naturally infected meadow voles (with Giardia microti) and deer mice (with Giardia peromysci) retained their infections during their captivity (6 months). Rigorous precautions were taken to prevent contamination and coprophagy. The relative numbers of cysts in consecutive faecal samples varied considerably and there were periods when the numbers of cysts were extremely low. The excretions of cysts were cyclical and there were periods of 7 and 8 days between peaks in laboratory rats and mice infected with G. simoni and G. muris respectively.

scholarly journals Cestodes of the genus Hymenolepis Weinland, 1858 sensu stricto from pocket gophers Geomys and Thomomys spp. (Rodentia: Geomyidae) in Colorado and Oregon, with a discriminant analysis of four species of Hymenolepis

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 896-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Lyell Gardner ◽  
Gerald D. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
Geomys Bursarius

Cestodes found to represent previously undescribed members of the genus Hymenolepis s.str. (Yamaguti 1959) were recovered from pocket gophers, Geomys bursarius (Shaw), in northeastern Colorado. Hymenolepis weldensis n.sp. and Hymenolepis geomydis n.sp., not occurring together in any individual host, were found in 3 and 8%, respectively, of pocket gophers examined for helminths. The life cycle of H. weldensis was completed in the laboratory using beetles, Tenebrio molitor (L.), as intermediate hosts, and pocket gophers of three genera (Geomys, Thomomys, and Pappogeomys) as definitive hosts. Development of H. weldensis did not occur in laboratory rats, Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout). Morphologic relationships four species of Hymenolepis (H. diminuta, H. tualatinensis, H. weldensis, and H. geomydis) were analyzed using multiple discriminant function analysis, which clearly allocated individual cestodes to the respective groups and discriminated species.

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