scholarly journals The role of multidetector computed tomography in early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with febrile neutropenia undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazan Ciledag ◽  
Kemal Arda ◽  
Bilgin Kadri Aribas ◽  
Ali Irfan Emre Tekgunduz ◽  
Fevzi Altuntas
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Febrile Neutropenia ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

scholarly journals Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Patients with Haematological Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: a Single-Center Study

Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-947
Author(s):  
Denis Niyazi ◽  
Temenuga Stoeva ◽  
Svilena Atanasova ◽  
Rumyana Markovska ◽  
Ilina Micheva
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Group I

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of Aspergillus Galactomannan antigen (GM) test for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in patient with hematological malignancies, including patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Materials and methods: Between January 2016 and June 2019, ninety patients were tested for GM. A total of 134 blood and 19 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were analyzed using Platelia Aspergillus Ag Enzyme-Immuno Assay (Bio-Rad Laboratories). The median age of patients was 63 years (range 25–81). Fifty-six patients (62.2%) were male. All patients were allocated into five groups on the basis of their GM results. Results: A positive GM antigen test was detected in 16 patients (17.7%). Of these, ten had positive serum samples (group I). After re-testing, 1 patient from group I gave a negative result. Five patients with negative serum samples gave positive BAL results (group II). One patient had positive both serum and BAL samples (group III). Fifteen GM positive patients (9 from group I, group II, and III) were categorized as probable IPA. Thirty-six patients (40%) negative for GM (group IV) were considered with a possible IPA. IPA was excluded in 38 patients (42.2%) (group V). Anti-mould therapy was initiated in all 15 patients who were considered to be cases with probable IPA. IPA was the immediate cause of death in 3 cases (25%). Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the clinical applicability of the GM test for screening of IPA in high-risk patients with hematological malignancies and HSCT.

scholarly journals Alterations of Plasma Complement C3b, C5b and VWF, ADAMTS13 in Patients with Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Thrombotic Microangiopathy after Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 3143-3143
Author(s):  
Yue Han ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Jia Chen ◽  
Jiaqian Qi ◽  
Jian Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Adamts13 Activity ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Antigen Activity

Abstract Background: Transplant-associated microangiopathy (TMA) is an uncommon but devastating complication in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). It may be confused with severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), infection, and other transplant related thrombotic diseases. Limited studies have shown the changes in plasma VWF/ADAMTS13 or complement activation markers in patients after HSCT. However, the role of VWF/ADAMTS13 and complement activation in patients with TMA and GVHD is not fully understood. Current study is to investigate the alterations of plasma levels of C3b, C5b and VWF/ADAMTS13 in patients with TMA and to explore their roles in the pathogenesis and early diagnosis of transplant-associated TMA. Methods: From 2011 to 2014, 14 patients with TMA were enrolled into the study in a single medical center. 71 other patients following HSCT were recruited as control subjects including 11 cases of hepatic vein occlusion disease (VOD), 20 cases of severe infections, 20 cases of severe II-IV° GVHD and 20 cases without complications. Blood sample was collected before transplantation and at the onset of transplantation related complication. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer substrate (FRETS)-VWF73 assay detected plasma ADAMTS13 activity. Collagen-binding assay and latex immunoassay determined VWF activity and VWF antigen, respectively. Plasma VWF multimer was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis and Western blot. Plasma levels of complement C3b and C5b were measured with ELISA. Results: Compared with the levels before transplantation, plasma ADAMTS13 activity and VWF antigen or activity in the patients with TMA did not differ from those who developed TMA, with infection or GVHD or without any complication (p> 0.05). However, plasma ADAMTS13 activity decreased and the ratio of VWF antigen/activity increased significantly in patients with VOD (p< 0.05). Plasma VWF multimer distribution was similar in patients with infection, GVHD or without complication, but ultralarge multimers of VWF was present in patients with TMA and VOD. Plasma levels of complement C3b was increased in patients after HSCT (198.46 ng/ml ±14.78 ng/ml) compared with healthy subjects (85.02 ng/ml±8.50ng/ml) (p< 0.05), but exhibited no difference in the other groups. Plasma C3b increased significantly in patients with TMA and GVHD (p<0.05). The plasma levels of C3b were higher in the TMA group (480.70 ng/ml±66.76ng/ml) than the GVHD group (298.50 ng/ml ±32.06 ng/) (p< 0.05). Also, plasma levels of C5b in patients with TMA were significantly increased (1059.49 ng/ml ±85.57 ng/ml) as compared with those before transplantation (653.19ng/ml ±44.91ng/ml) and other groups (p< 0.05). Conclusions: We conclude that plasma ADAMTS 13 activity and the ratio of VWF antigen/activity remained stable in the patients with transplant-associated TMA, but the levels of complement C3b and C5b, particularly the C5b, increased significantly, suggesting the critical role of complement pathway in the pathogenesis of TMA. C5b may be a specific biomarker for early diagnosis of TMA but C3b is a marker for both TMA and GVHD. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Cytokine and Chemokine Responses in Invasive Aspergillosis following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Past Evidence for Future Therapy of Aspergillosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
Patcharin Thammasit ◽  
Jirapas Sripetchwandee ◽  
Joshua D. Nosanchuk ◽  
Siriporn C. Chattipakorn ◽  
Nipon Chattipakorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a frequent complication in immunocompromised individuals, and it continues to be an important cause of mortality in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In addition to antifungal therapy used for mycoses, immune-modulatory molecules such as cytokines and chemokines can modify the host immune response and exhibit a promising form of antimicrobial therapeutics to combat invasive fungal diseases. Cytokine and chemokine profiles may also be applied as biomarkers during fungal infections and clinical research has demonstrated different activation patterns of cytokines in invasive mycoses such as aspergillosis. In this review, we summarize different aspects of cytokines that have been described to date and provide possible future directions in research on invasive pulmonary aspergillosis following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These findings suggest that cytokines and chemokines may serve as useful biomarkers to improve diagnosis and monitoring of infection.

Endothelial and Circulating Progenitor Cells in Hematological Diseases and Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (35) ◽  
pp. 4535-4544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Ruggeri ◽  
Annalisa Paviglianiti ◽  
Fernanda Volt ◽  
Chantal Kenzey ◽  
Hanadi Rafii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Circulating Endothelial Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Hematological Diseases

Background: Circulating endothelial cells (CECs), originated form endothelial progenitors (EPCs) are mature cells not associated with vessel walls and detached from the endothelium. Normally, they are present in insignificant amounts in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. On the other hand, elevated CECs and EPCs levels have been reported in the peripheral blood of patients with different types of cancers and other diseases. Objective: This review aims to provide an overview on the characterization of CECs and EPCs, to describe isolation methods and to identify the potential role of these cells in hematological diseases and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: We performed a detailed search of peer-reviewed literature using keywords related to CECs, EPCs, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and hematological diseases (hemoglobinopathies, hodgkin and non-hodgkin lymphoma, acute leukemia, myeloproliferative syndromes, chronic lymphocytic leukemia). Results: CECs and EPCs are potential biomarkers for several clinical conditions involving endothelial turnover and remodeling, such as in hematological diseases. These cells may be involved in disease progression and in the neoplastic process. Moreover, CECs and EPCs are probably involved in endothelial damage which is a marker of several complications following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Conclusion: This review provides information about the role of CECs and EPCs in hematological malignancies and shows their implication in predicting disease activity as well as improving HSCT outcomes.

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