scholarly journals Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Uptake in Adults Aged ?65 Years and High Risk Groups Admitted to Yozgat Bozok University Research and Application Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Ayse Erbay ◽  
◽  
Cigdem Kader ◽  
Huseyin Ede ◽  
Murat Suher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
University Research ◽  
Vaccination Uptake

scholarly journals Pneumococcal Vaccination in High-Risk Individuals: Are We Doing It Right?

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Papadatou ◽  
Vana Spoulou
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Primary Vaccination ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Polysaccharide Vaccine ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Meta Analyses

ABSTRACTControversy exists regarding the optimal use of the 23-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for the protection of high-risk individuals, such as children and adults with immunocompromising conditions and the elderly. The effectiveness and immunogenicity of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) are limited in such high-risk populations compared to the healthy, with meta-analyses failing to provide robust evidence on vaccine efficacy against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) or pneumonia. Moreover, several studies have demonstrated a PPV23-induced state of immune tolerance or hyporesponsiveness to subsequent vaccination, where the response to revaccination does not reach the levels achieved with primary vaccination. The clinical significance of hyporesponsiveness is not yet clarified, but attenuated humoral and cellular response could lead to reduced levels of protection and increased susceptibility to pneumococcal disease. As disease epidemiology among high-risk groups shows that we are still in need of maximum serotype coverage, the optimal use of PPV23 in the context of combined conjugate/polysaccharide vaccine schedules is an important priority. In this minireview, we discuss PPV23-induced hyporesponsiveness and its implications in designing highly effective vaccination schedules for the optimal protection for high-risk individuals.

Suicide in Nógrád County, Hungary, 1970-1994

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Zonda
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The author examined completed suicides occurring over a period of 25 years in a county of Hungary with a traditionally low (relatively speaking) suicide rate of 25.8. The rates are clearly higher in villages than in the towns. The male/female ratio was close to 4:1, among elderly though only 1.5:1. The high risk groups are the elderly, divorced, and widowed. Violent methods are chosen in 66.4% of the cases. The rates are particularly high in the period April-July. Prior communication of suicidal intention was revealed in 16.3% of all cases. Previous attempts had been undertaken by 17%, which in turn means that 83% of suicides were first attempts. In our material 10% the victims left suicide notes. Psychiatric disorders were present in 60.1% of the cases, and severe, multiple somatic illnesses (including malignomas) were present in 8.8%. The majority of the data resemble those found in the literature.

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