Antibiotic Use in Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Units; Multicenter Point Prevalence Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Orkun Tolunay ◽  
Ümit Çelik ◽  
Gülperi Yücel ◽  
Tamer Çelik ◽  
Mustafa Kurthan Mert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Point Prevalence Study

scholarly journals Challenges of Antibiotic Stewardship in the Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Units

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 659-668
Author(s):  
Joshua W. Branstetter ◽  
Leanna Barker ◽  
April Yarbrough ◽  
Shannon Ross ◽  
Jeremy S. Stultz
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Hospital Costs ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Implementation Studies

The goals of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are to optimize antimicrobial prescribing habits in order to improve patient outcomes, reduce antimicrobial resistance, and reduce hospital costs. Multiple society-endorsed guidelines and government policies reinforce the importance of ASP implementation. Effective antimicrobial stewardship can impact unique patients, hospitals, and societal antibiotic-resistance burden. The role and subsequent success of these programs has largely been reported in the adult population. Pediatric and neonatal intensive care units present unique challenges for traditional antimicrobial stewardship approaches. The purpose of this review article is to explore the challenges of appropriate antibiotic use in the pediatric and neonatal intensive care units and to summarize strategies ASPs can use to overcome these challenges. These problems include non-specific disease presentations, limited evidence for definitive treatment durations in many pediatric infections, fewer pediatric-trained infectious disease physicians, and applicability of intensive laboratory obtainment, collection, and interpretation. Additionally, many ASP implementation studies evaluating the efficacy of ASPs exclude the PICU and NICU. Areas of focus for pediatric ASPs should likely include appropriate antibiotic initiation, appropriate antibiotic duration, and appropriate antibiotic de-escalation.

scholarly journals Compliance with Processes of Care in Intensive Care Units in Australia and New Zealand – A Point Prevalence Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 926-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Hewson-Conroy ◽  
A. R. Burrell ◽  
D. Elliott ◽  
S. A. R. Webb ◽  
I. M. Seppelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Point Prevalence Study ◽  
Processes Of Care

scholarly journals 1134. Antibiotic Indications and Appropriateness in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A 10 Center Point Prevalence Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S403-S404
Author(s):  
Kathleen Chiotos ◽  
Jennifer Blumenthal ◽  
Juri Boguniewicz ◽  
Debra Palazzi ◽  
Emily Berkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Empiric Therapy ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Point Prevalence Study

Abstract Background Antibiotics are prescribed in up to 80% of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients, but multicenter studies systematically evaluating antibiotic indications and appropriateness in this high-utilizing population are lacking. Methods A multicenter point prevalence study was conducted at 10 geographically diverse tertiary care US children’s hospitals. All PICU patients < 21 years of age who were receiving systemic antibiotics at 8:00 AM on each study day were included. Study days occurred in February and March 2019. Data were abstracted by critical care and/or infectious diseases trained clinicians using standardized data collection forms and definitions of antibiotic appropriateness. Results 408 of 732 PICU patients (56%) received 618 antibiotics on the two study days. Empiric therapy for suspected bacterial infections without sepsis was the most common indication for antibiotics (22%), followed by treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and empiric therapy for septic shock (12% each, Figure 1). Overall, 194 antibiotic orders (32%) were classified as inappropriate and 158 patients (39%) received at least one inappropriate antibiotic. Vancomycin, cefepime, and ceftriaxone were the antibiotics most often inappropriately prescribed (Figure 2). Antibiotics prescribed inappropriately for the top 5 indications shown in Figure 1 accounted for 77% of all inappropriate antibiotic use. Prolonged ( >4 days) empiric therapy and prolonged ( >24 hours) post-operative prophylaxis were the most common reasons antibiotics prescribed for these indications were classified as inappropriate. Pneumonia and ventilator-associated infections were the most common infections for which antibiotics were prescribed inappropriately (46%). Reasons for inappropriate antibiotic use included lack of evidence supporting a bacterial infection (no radiographic infiltrate or significant increase in respiratory support) and use of unnecessarily broad antibiotics (Table 1). Conclusion Inappropriate antibiotic use is common in the PICU, particularly for pneumonia. Studies focused on defining optimal treatment strategies, as well as improved diagnostic approaches to curtail prolonged courses of empiric therapy, should be prioritized. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Retrospective surveillance of antibiotic use in maternity wards and neonatal intensive care units in Saint Petersburg, Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1531-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timofey L. Galankin ◽  
Alexey S. Kolbin ◽  
Sergey V. Sidorenko ◽  
Alexey A. Kurylev ◽  
Elena A. Malikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Saint Petersburg

scholarly journals Point prevalence surveys of antimicrobial use among eight neonatal intensive care units in India: 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumanth Gandra ◽  
Gerardo Alvarez-Uria ◽  
Srinivas Murki ◽  
Sanjeev K. Singh ◽  
Ravishankar Kanithi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Antimicrobial Use

scholarly journals Prevalence and Appropriateness of Urinary Catheters in Japanese Intensive Care Units: Results From a Multicenter Point Prevalence Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. S127-S130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Kuriyama ◽  
Tadaaki Takada ◽  
Hiromasa Irie ◽  
Masaaki Sakuraya ◽  
Kohta Katayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Urinary Catheters ◽  
Point Prevalence Study
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