Rate of Carriage of Streptococcus agalactiae among Pregnant Women and Role of Some Virulence Genes

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Amal F. Makled ◽  
Ahmed B. Mahmoud ◽  
Said A. Saleh ◽  
Sara G. Hegazy ◽  
Rasha G. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Birth Canal ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
Natural Flora

Background: Although, GBS is a natural flora of the ano-rectal region, it may colonize vagina and many infants can be infected during the passage through the birth canal. It has emerged as a leading cause of neonatal infections and deaths. Objectives: To estimate the rate of recto-vaginal carriage of GBS among pregnant females, describe its antimicrobial susceptibility profile and to detect some of its virulence genes by multiplex PCR. Methodology: Vaginal, anorectal and neonatal throat swabs which were collected from two-hundred and fifty pregnant women were inoculated in Todd-Hewitt broth for 24 hours then inoculated on blood agar plates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for GBS isolates was done and its virulence genes (scpB, bca, rib and HvgA) were identified by PCR. Also, the relation between these virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility was studied. Results: Among 250 pregnant females, 36(14.4%) were identified as GBS carriers with exclusive vaginal and anorectal colonization rates of 4% and 10.4% respectively. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, vancomycin and linezolid. On the other hand, 19.4%, 80.6%, 44.4% and 13.9% of GBS isolates were resistant to each of erythromycin and azithromycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin and clindamycin respectively. ScpB, rib, and Hvg-A genes were identified in 100%, 69.4% and 33.3% of GBS isolates respectively. None of them had the bca gene. Conclusion: Screening for GBS colonization of pregnant females is recommended and determination of virulence and different surface proteins would be relevant for better diagnosis and further possible formulation of a vaccine

scholarly journals Role of PCR in Rapid Detection Group B Streptococcus in Pregnant Females in Al-Quwayiyah General Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
E. S. Khater ◽  
A. S. Abdel-Motaal
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Group B

Background: Group B streptococcus is one of the most common causes of severe neonatal infections. Aim: To detect the prevalence of group B. Streptococcus and their antimicrobial susceptibility and to assess the role of PCR as a rapid method of its detection. Place and Duration of the Study: A cross sectional and prospective cohort study was carried out from September 2019 to February 2020 in Gynaecology and Obstetrics OPD and inpatient units in Al- Quwayiyah General hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Methodology: Paired rectal/vaginal specimens were collected from 540 pregnant females with gestational age 35 or more, Each swab was inoculated into selective medium, Todd Hewitt, One swab is streaked onto blood agar plates incubated in 5% CO2 for 24h at 36ºC. β-hemolytic colonies growth is identified by Gram’s stain, colony morphology and CAMP test. The confirmation and antimicrobial susceptibility were done by Vitek II machine, The second swab was used for PCR to identify atr gene. Results: Out of 540 pregnant women 87 (16.1%) were colonized with GBS isolates. The positive GBS women aged 25 (22-34) and negative GBS women aged 23 (24-35) with no statistical difference. Patients aged more than 35 years old has the higher rate of positive GBS, 46.2%. No significant association detected between GBS and gestational age at delivery, antenatal visits, BMI and gravidity. The GBS strains isolated from pregnant women was 100% susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin followed by ampicillin (93.1%) and tobramicin (83.9%) then gentamicin (81.6%) and levofloxacin(78.2%) and showed least antibiotic susceptibility to erythromycin (26.4%). The PCR was positive in 145 (26.9%). Using culture as gold method, PCR sensitivity was 100% (95% CI: 91.62-100), while specificity was 83.2% (95% CI: 82.61-91.02). Negative and positive predictive values were 100% and 61% respectively. Kappa between the two methods was 0.71, which indicate major agreement. Conclusion: The GBS prevalence among the pregnant females in Al Quwayiyah General Hospital was 16.1%. Detection of GBS using new PCR technique was found to have high sensitivity and faster results, allowing efficient management of GBS and reduction in newborn morbidity and mortality however the cost is high for some laboratories. Further studies should be assessed to be both low cost and accurate rapid screening.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women seen at the University Hospital of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Ana Elisa Belotto Morguette ◽  
Renata Perugini Biasi-Garbin ◽  
Eliane Saori Otaguiri ◽  
Marcia Regina Eches Perugini ◽  
Marsileni Pelisson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
The University

Um estudo retrospectivo foi realizado com gestantes atendidas no Hospital Universitário de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil para determinar a prevalência de colonização vaginal-retal por Estreptococos do Grupo B (EGB) e o perfil de sensibilidade de EGB aos antimicrobianos utilizados para a antibioticoterapia profilática intraparto. Swabs vaginais-retais foram coletados de 2.901 mulheres entre a 35ª e 37ª semana de gestação. Destes, 528 (18,2%) apresentaram cultura positiva para EGB, e 0,4%, 10,2% e 10% dos isolados foram resistentes à penicilina, eritromicina e clindamicina, respectivamente. Estes resultados destacam a importância de vigilância contínua da colonização por EGB em gestantes para a prevenção de infecções em neonatos por EGB.

scholarly journals Virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility of lactose-negative and lactose-positive strains of Escherichia coli isolated from pregnant women and neonates

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kaczmarek ◽  
Krzysztof Skowron ◽  
Anna Budzyńska ◽  
Katarzyna Grudlewska ◽  
Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes

scholarly journals Determination of antibiotics susceptibility profile of Shigella species isolated from children with acute diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 054-058
Author(s):  
Ali Muhammad ◽  
Diso Sani U ◽  
Abdullah Muhammad S ◽  
Mu’azu Lurwan ◽  
Nas Farouk S
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility

Diarrheal diseases continue to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years. This study aimed to isolate, identify and determining the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella sp associated with acute diarrhea among children in Kano, Northern Nigeria. A cross sectional study was conducted among children less than 5 years diagnosed with acute diarrhea and admitted to paediatric ward of Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital Kano. Stool samples from a total of 37 (20 male and 17 female) subjects were used to isolate and identified the pathogen. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted using disc diffusion method. The result showed 12 out of 37 samples were positive for Shigella sp which accounted for 32.4%. Higher incidence of Shigella sp was found among subjects of age between 2 – 3 years. The isolates were 100% resistant to Ampicillin. High resistance was also observed in Amoxicillin (83.33%), Chloramphenicol (58.33%) and Tetracycline (25%). The isolates are 100% sensitive to ciprofloxacin, 66.7% to Levofloxacin and Gentamicin each and 58.33% to Erythromycin. Three (3) isolates were resistance to Ampicillin and Amoxicillin, 5 isolates were resistance to Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol and Amoxicillin while 2 isolates were resistance to Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline and Amoxicillin. It is concluded that Shigella sp is one of the etiological agent of diarrhea in children. Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and Gentamicin are drugs of choice for treating diarrhea caused by Shigella sp.

scholarly journals The Role of Intranatal Risk Factors in the Pathogenesis of Birth Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
M. N. Mochalova ◽  
V. A. Mudrov ◽  
S. V. Novokshanovа
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Birth Injury ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Birth Canal ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Rational Management

Rational management of labor refers to the most significant areas of practical obstetrics, since errors in predicting the outcome of labor through the birth canal often lead to the development of birth injury to the mother and fetus. Modern research methods and rational management of childbirth have led to a decrease in perinatal mortality. However, despite these achievements, the incidence of birth injury and subsequent disability of newborns is still at a level that is not acceptable for the XXI century.The purpose of the research was to study the structure and outcome of the generic injury of the fetus.Materials: Literature of foreign and domestic authors within the period from 2003 to 2018.Methods: Systematic analysis and synthesis of literary data.Conclusion: Despite the decline in perinatal mortality, the problem of disability of children, as well as violations of the quality of life due to birth trauma, remains relevant. This requires further study, the introduction of new diagnostic and clinical and prognostic technologies aimed at reducing birth injuries. Prevention of birth injury should be based on timely prenatal diagnosis of fetal macrosomia, determination of the optimal method of delivery, exclusion of iatrogenic factors of aggression during birth through the birth canal.

Group B Streptococcus in a cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women: Prevalence of colonization, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profile

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 742-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esau C. Joao ◽  
Maria Isabel Gouvêa ◽  
Jacqueline A. Menezes ◽  
Haroldo J. Matos ◽  
Maria Letícia S. Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Role of the Enterococcus faecalis GelE Protease in Determination of Cellular Chain Length, Supernatant Pheromone Levels, and Degradation of Fibrin and Misfolded Surface Proteins

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (12) ◽  
pp. 3613-3623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Waters ◽  
Michelle H. Antiporta ◽  
Barbara E. Murray ◽  
Gary M. Dunny
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Mutant Proteins ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Aggregation Substance ◽  
Peptide Pheromone

ABSTRACT Gelatinase (GelE), a secreted Zn-metalloprotease of Enterococcus faecalis, has been implicated as a virulence factor by both epidemiological data and animal model studies. Expression of gelE is induced at a high cell density by the fsr quorum-sensing system. In the present study, GelE was shown to be responsible for the instability of a number of Asc10 (aggregation substance) mutant proteins, implying that GelE functions to clear the bacterial cell surface of misfolded proteins. Disruption of GelE production led to increased cell chain length of E. faecalis, from a typical diplococcus morphology to chains of 5 to 10 cells. This function of GelE was also exhibited when the protein was expressed in Streptococcus pyogenes. GelE-expressing E. faecalis strains were more autolytic, suggesting that GelE affects chain length through activation of an autolysin. GelE was also essential for degradation of polymerized fibrin. GelE expression reduced the titer of cCF10, the peptide pheromone that induces conjugation of pCF10, and pCF10 had increased conjugation into non-GelE-expressing strains. These new functions attributed to GelE suggest that it acts to increase the dissemination of E. faecalis in high-density environments.

scholarly journals PERCEPTION OF CLIENTS REGARDING ROLE OF PHYSICAL THERAPY IN ANTENATAL CARE - A CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY ON PREGNANT FEMALES WITH MULTIPLE PREGNANCIES ATTENDING ANTENATAL OPD

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Deeba Islam ◽  
Muhammad Sarfaraz ◽  
Dr. Rubina Kanwal ◽  
Saad Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnant Females

OBJECTIVE Perception of pregnant women concerning the role of Physical Therapy in antenatal care with multiple pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN A Cross Sectional Survey. STUDY SETTINGS & PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted on a 100 pregnant women at three tertiary care hospitals in Karachi. RESULTS It was found that these women were well informed about the Physical therapy (76%) but everyone did not practice physiotherapy in their multi-pregnancies. CONCLUSION The results show that the perception and knowledge of women regarding physical therapy exercise during the multiple pregnancies is reasonable. KEY WORDS Pregnant Females, Multiple Pregnancies, Antenatal Care, Physical Therapy, Perception, Kegal Exercises.

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