scholarly journals Assessment of promising areas of digital livestock farming in the framework of "Agriculture 4.0"

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Special) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Dmitry Istomin ◽  
◽  
Andrey Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Future Technology ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
The Impact

Digital innovation is increasingly being promoted as a practice that allows producers to tackle the challenges of reducing the impact of livestock on greenhouse gas emissions, meeting the growing needs of the population, and the welfare of animals and the environment. Today, digital technologies are being implemented in the livestock sector in different ways: automation technologies are popular among farmers, and not technologies for collecting or processing data for decision-making. There is a risk that, with a focus on the future, technology development will focus on livestock in corporate, large-scale industrial production and therefore will not address the barriers to integrated digital solutions development and access for smallholder farmers. If so, Agriculture 4.0 will play a more limited role in making food systems sustainable. Agriculture 4.0 developers must focus not only on developing the latest sensor or device, but on a more holistic perspective, including consideration of regulatory requirements, business model, recommendations and capacity development, to ensure implementation and ensure the sharing of the benefits of Agriculture 4.0 for all participants in the agricultural sector. Keywords: LIVESTOCK, DIGITAL AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURE 4.0

scholarly journals Farmers’ Perceptions of Commercial Insect-Based Feed for Sustainable Livestock Production in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5359
Author(s):  
Afrika Onguko Okello ◽  
Jonathan Makau Nzuma ◽  
David Jakinda Otieno ◽  
Michael Kidoido ◽  
Chrysantus Mbi Tanga
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
The Impact

The utilization of insect-based feeds (IBF) as an alternative protein source is increasingly gaining momentum worldwide owing to recent concerns over the impact of food systems on the environment. However, its large-scale adoption will depend on farmers’ acceptance of its key qualities. This study evaluates farmer’s perceptions of commercial IBF products and assesses the factors that would influence its adoption. It employs principal component analysis (PCA) to develop perception indices that are subsequently used in multiple regression analysis of survey data collected from a sample of 310 farmers. Over 90% of the farmers were ready and willing to use IBF. The PCA identified feed performance, social acceptability of the use of insects in feed formulation, feed versatility and marketability of livestock products reared on IBF as the key attributes that would inform farmers’ purchase decisions. Awareness of IBF attributes, group membership, off-farm income, wealth status and education significantly influenced farmers’ perceptions of IBF. Interventions such as experimental demonstrations that increase farmers’ technical knowledge on the productivity of livestock fed on IBF are crucial to reducing farmers’ uncertainties towards acceptability of IBF. Public partnerships with resource-endowed farmers and farmer groups are recommended to improve knowledge sharing on IBF.

scholarly journals Impacts Seed Technology Improvement on Economic Aspects of Chilli Production in Central Java - Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Joko Mariyono
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
Site Development ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Technology Improvement ◽  
The Impact

Vegetable production, including that of chillies, plays an important role in agricultural sector and rural economic development worldwide. This is because of greater farm productivity with regard to vegetables than cereal and staple crops. This paper analyses the impact of seed technology development on the economic aspects of chilli production in Central Java. Particular attention is paid to improved varieties of chilli. Potential consequences of seed technology development are discussed. Data of this study are compiled from surveys conducted in three selected chilli producing regions in 2010-2012. The results show that the major varieties of chilli grown by surveyed farmers are grouped into three broad types: hybrids, local and improved open pollinated varieties. The chilli varieties farmers selected varied according to location and cropping season. In the dry season, farmers grew similar proportions of hybrid, local, and open pollinated types. Nevertheless, there were differences among the survey sites. Farmers grew different varieties to exploit seasonal microclimates and market preferences. Mostly, farmers selected varieties for economic motives. The consequence of growing hybrids was less use of agrochemicals, particularly pesticides, than for other varieties. Overall, they show the best economic performance in the study site. Development of seed technology should consider agro-ecological and economic aspects to obtain better outcomes. Private sector and national research institutions need to collaborate more to utilise available genetic resources to produce better varieties of chilli.

scholarly journals Impactos da Covid-19 na produção e comercialização de alimentos em Brasília-DF: desafios para os assentados/acampados da reforma agrária

GeoTextos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Luiza Barbosa Dias ◽  
Juscelino Eudâmidas Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Direct Sales ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

<p>O setor agrícola foi severamente afetado pela pandemia de Covid-19, gerando incertezas sobre a produção e a distribuição de alimentos, o que afetou diretamente o trabalho de milhões de agricultores. Este artigo visa a analisar o impacto da pandemia na produção de alimentos em Brasília-DF, especialmente entre os agricultores assentados/acampados da reforma agrária. Para a análise, foram utilizados dados primários obtidos através de um questionário on-line destinado ao público da reforma agrária em áreas rurais das regiões administrativas da capital federal, além de dados secundários, disponibilizados por instituições públicas. Os resultados mostraram que o impacto da pandemia foi intenso entre os agricultores, deixando-os extremamente vulneráveis, principalmente nos meses iniciais da pandemia. Como forma de enfretamento dos efeitos da pandemia, os trabalhadores adotaram quatro medidas específicas: a utilização do serviço de entrega delivery; a venda de cestas agroecológicas; a participação em redes solidárias e a venda direta em feira de reforma agrária. Essas novas dinâmicas de comercialização têm transformado as formas de interação campo-cidade ao demandar estratégias diferenciadas para alcançar os consumidores finais, contribuindo para amenizar os efeitos disruptivos da pandemia nos sistemas alimentares locais.</p><p><span>Abstract</span></p><p>IMPACTS OF COVID-19 ON FOOD PRODUCTION AND COMMERCIALIZATION IN BRASILIA-DF: CHALLENGES FOR AGRARIAN REFORM SETTLERS/CAMPED</p><p>The agricultural sector was severely affected by the pandemic of Covid-19, genera- ting uncertainties about food production and distribution, which directly affected the work of millions of farmers. This article aims to analyze the impact of the pandemic on food production in Brasília-DF, especially among farmers settled in agrarian reform settlements. The analysis used primary data obtained through an on-line questionnaire addressed to the public of agrarian reform in rural areas of the administrative regions of the federal capital, as well as secondary data made available by public institutions. The results showed that the impact of the pandemic was intense among farmers, leaving them extremely vulnerable, especially in the initial months of the pandemic. As a way of countering the effects of the pandemic, workers have adopted four specific measures: the use of delivery services; the salof agro-ecological baskets; participation in solidarity networks; and direct sales at agrarian reform fairs. These new commercialization dynamics have transformed the forms of countryside-city interaction by demanding different strategies to reach final consumers, contributing to mitigate the pandemic’s disruptive effects on local food systems.</p>

The Impact of Legislation on Future Technology Development

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1280-1281
Author(s):  
P Wilding
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Future Technology ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In this paper I examine some of the factors influencing technology development and attempt to explain whether CLIA '88 enhances the opportunities or exacerbates the problems for U.S.-based technology development. The viewpoint I express is concentrated on the clinical chemistry segment of the diagnostics arena.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effectiveness of Agricultural based Entrepreneurship Development Programmes at RUDSETI

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-467
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
Higher Professional Education ◽  
The Impact

On the rural side, it appears that the job potential in the agricultural economy has reached saturation level that leads to large-scale migration of workforce from rural to urban areas adding woes and strain to over-stressed civic infrastructure. Millions of unemployed young people, especially those from rural and semi-urban backgrounds who have not been able to access higher/professional education but who are oriented towards white-collar jobs, is driven to despair because they cannot find a job. It calls for the need for entrepreneurial ventures among the unemployed youth to encourage self-employment. In this context, this study aims at understanding the impact of Agricultural Employment Development Programmes offered by RUDSETI. Moreover, the study analyses how RUDSETI was able to motivate, instil technical knowledge, management skills, resource management, and handhold trainees even after starting their own agricultural business. For the study, the purposive sampling method was applied to collect the primary data from the trainees at RUDSETI. Descriptive method of research was adopted. The result of study states that training programme was key factor to start and successful running of their business. The hypothesis testing also proved positive that RUDSETI is acting as a catalyst towards growth and sustaining of the Agricultural sector.

scholarly journals The Impact of Livestock Extension on the Livelihood of Mbororo Fulani Women in the North West Region of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Loveline Enjoh Forbang ◽  
Tohnian Nobert Lengha ◽  
Fonteh Athanasius Amungwa
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
The Impact

Mbororo Fulani women are experiencing transformation in their livelihood through livestock farming. This paper investigates the contributions of livestock farming to the wellbeing of the Mbororo Fulani women of the North West region of Cameroon. Mbororo women in the North West region play different roles to contribute to the growth of the livestock sector in Cameroon but lack technological knowledge and extension services to improve on their livestock activities. The study used primary data gotten through structured questionnaires and secondary data from journals, books and work from other researchers. The simple random sampling was used to select 400 Mbororo women for the study and SPSS was used for data analysis. The study reveals that 61% of Mbororo women are engage in livestock farming. 20.4% of the women keep different categories of livestock extension (sheep, goat, poultry etc). 89% of the women do livestock farming for income generation and as a means to increase proteins needs for their families. Therefore, livestock is an important source of revenue to Mbororo Fulani women in the North West region of Cameroon thus Cameroon government should put more efforts to assist these Mbororo women in livestock farming by providing them with modern innovations through extension services and resources needed to expand on livestock farming.

scholarly journals A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Olwande ◽  
Miltone Ayieko ◽  
John Mukundi ◽  
Nicholas Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
First Case ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
The Impact

Kenya confirmed its first case of COVID-19 on 12 March 2020. Like many governments across the world, the Kenyan government implemented various measures aimed at slowing down local spread of the virus and cushioning the population against the negative economic effects of the pandemic and the associated policy restrictions. International organisations and researchers postulated that the measures would negatively affect economic activities and livelihoods, with undesirable implications for poverty and food insecurity. Particularly vulnerable would be populations in developing countries such as Kenya, where many people depend on food systems for their livelihoods, and the majority of those are smallholder farmers who often have low economic power. The objective of this rapid assessment was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the food system and the sub-set of the population largely dependent on agriculture in Kenya to inform actions that can assure protection of rural livelihoods and continued access to adequate and affordable food of acceptable quality to the population. This report presents results of that rapid assessment.

Predicting the Ultimate Performance of Advanced Power Cycles Based on Very High Temperature Gas Turbine Engines

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Chiesa ◽  
Stefano Consonni ◽  
Giovanni Lozza ◽  
Ennio Macchi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Future Technology ◽  
The Impact

It is well known that the history of gas turbine engines has been characterized by a very clear trend toward higher and higher operating temperatures, a growth which in the past 40 years has progressed at the impressive pace of approximately 13°C/year. Expected improvements in blade cooling techniques and advancements in materials indicate that this tendency is going to last for long time, leading to firing temperatures of over 1500°C within the next two decades. This paper investigates the impact of such temperature increase on optimal cycle arrangements and on ultimate performance improvements achievable by future advanced gas/steam cycles for large-scale power generation. Performance predictions have been carried out by a modified, improved version of a computer code originally devised and calibrated for “1990 state-of-the-art” gas/steam cycles. The range of performances to be expected in the next decades has been delimited by considering various scenarios of cooling technology and materials, including the extreme situations of adiabatic expansion and stoichiometric combustion. The results of parametric thermodynamic analyses of several cycle configurations are presented for a number of technological scenarios, including cycles with intercooling and reheat. A specific section discusses how the optimum configuration of the bottoming steam cycle changes to keep up with exhaust gas temperature increases. Calculations show that, under plausible assumptions on future technology advancements, within two decades the proper selection of plant configuration and operating parameters can yield net efficiencies of over 60%.

scholarly journals Impact of Participation in Contract Farming on Smallholder Farmers’ Income and Food Security in Rural Benin: PSM and LATE Parameter Combined

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odountan Ambaliou Olounlade ◽  
Gu-Cheng Li ◽  
Sènakpon E. Haroll Kokoye ◽  
François Vihôdé Dossouhoui ◽  
Kuassi Auxence Aristide Akpa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
The Impact

Investigated in this work is the impact of contract farming participation on smallholder farmers’ income and food security in rice crop production in Northern Benin using 400 randomly selected rice farmer households. Unlike previous studies, we corrected for both observed and unobserved biases by combining propensity score matching (PSM) and the local average treatment effect parameter (LATE). The results showed significant negative consequences of partaking in rice contract farming. We found evidence of significant negative effects on rice production income at a 1% level. The more the rice farmers join in contract farming, the lower the farm income became. Decreased food consumption was also a result of contract farming participation for potential participants by a score of 60.64, placing their households at the food security status level of poor food consumption because the quantity and nutritional quality of the food consumed were inadequate. Contract farming is, therefore, not a reasonable policy instrument that can help farmers increase their income and improve their food security level in the Alibori Department, Benin if farmers do not diversify their crops. The necessary resources and economic environment are not yet in place to allow contract farming to take full advantage of its potential benefits. To prevent the wasting of scarce public resources, expanding contract farming would not be appropriate in marginal areas with markets and other infrastructure. Additional measures are needed for contract farming to be profitable for contracting actors and to ensure sustainability and the large-scale participation of farmers.

Cooling of Electronic Chips Using Microchannel and Micro-Pin Fin Heat Exchangers

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Prasher ◽  
Je-Young Chang
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Future Technology ◽  
Pin Fin ◽  
Microchannel Cooling ◽  
The Impact

The research community is experiencing a revolution in microscale and nanoscale heat transfer, with a focus on developing fundamental experiments and theoretical techniques. More recently, these advancements have begun to influence the design of electronic systems. A futuristic electronic cooling solution might include high efficiency thermoelectric devices made from nanomaterials for the cooling of hotspots on a chip, nano/micro particle laden thermal interface materials and micro-pin fin/microchannel based heat exchanger. Liquid cooling using integrated microscale heat exchangers is a promising future technology to address issues associated with integrated circuit thermal management. In this paper recent advances made by us on technology development of microchannel/micro-pin-fin heat exchangers is presented. Particular attention is given to the impact of hotspots on the performance of microchannel cooling.

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