scholarly journals Data mining to analyse recurrent crime in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Phirime Monyeki
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Residential Burglary ◽  
Crime Trends ◽  
Changepoint Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Crime ◽  
Insight Into

When South Africa is compared to other countries, it has a notably high rate of crime. The country has seen a concomitantly high occurrence of murder, residential burglary, drug-related crime and carjacking (hijacking) crime. The government is desperately seeking solutions that can be implemented to reduce recurrent crime. Several reasons to explicate high crime trends in different areas include alcohol or drug abuse, low standards of education, poor parenting skills and a lack of social and vocational skills. This study aimed to gain better insight into crime trends in South Africa using data mining techniques. Decision-making linked to the data could help the government implement a coherent crime strategy to mitigate crime. The crime dataset chosen for this study was publicly available at kaggle.com. The dataset was prepared using Python programming code. The research design was utilised as an overall strategy to compile all different components of this study with an intention of answering the research questions and attaining the research objectives. To identify the significant changes, ChangePoint Analysis (CPA) was performed to pinpoint the abrupt change in the South African crime dataset. Two methods called Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) and Bootstrap were implemented in this study of CPA. To analyse the trend of data, CUSUM and Bootstrap were performed to measure the occurrence of change points based on the confidence levels. The CPA outcome depicted multiple significant changes and abrupt shifts in several provinces of South Africa. Linear regression (LR) was utilised to predict the future trends of crime in South Africa from 2016 – 2022 based on the erstwhile 2005 – 2015 crime statistics. The results showed that crime has been on the increase in South Africa with certain provinces such as Western Cape, Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal being identified as crime hotspots. Future studies on crime should focus only on one province to gain insight into the dominating crimes and hotspots within that particular province, with a view to developing highly specific crime-reduction interventions.

scholarly journals Clinical evolution, management and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa: a research protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e039455
Author(s):  
Brian W Allwood ◽  
Coenraad FN Koegelenberg ◽  
Elvis Irusen ◽  
Usha Lalla ◽  
Razeen Davids ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Hospital Data

IntroductionThe outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus causing COVID-19, declared a global pandemic by the WHO, is a novel infection with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. In South Africa, 55 421 cases have been confirmed as of 10 June 2020, with most cases in the Western Cape Province. Coronavirus leaves us in a position of uncertainty regarding the best clinical approach to successfully manage the expected high number of severely ill patients with COVID-19. This presents a unique opportunity to gather data to inform best practices in clinical approach and public health interventions to control COVID-19 locally. Furthermore, this pandemic challenges our resolve due to the high burden of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) in our country as data are scarce. This study endeavours to determine the clinical presentation, severity and prognosis of patients with COVID-19 admitted to our hospital.Methods and analysisThe study will use multiple approaches taking into account the evolving nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. Prospective observational design to describe specific patterns of risk predictors of poor outcomes among patients with severe COVID-19 admitted to Tygerberg Hospital. Data will be collected from medical records of patients with severe COVID-19 admitted at Tygerberg Hospital. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, we will investigate the association between the survival time of patients with COVID-19 in relation to one or more of the predictor variables including HIV and TB.Ethics and disseminationThe research team obtained ethical approval from the Health Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Research Committee of the Tygerberg Hospital. All procedures for the ethical conduct of scientific investigation will be adhered to by the research team. The findings will be disseminated in clinical seminars, scientific forums and conferences targeting clinical care providers and policy-makers.

scholarly journals Challenges and Prospects of Youth Entrepreneurship Development in a Designated Community in the Western Cape, South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saphetha Appie Gwija ◽  
Chux Gervase Iwu .
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
Inhibiting Factor ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Youth Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Insight Into

In a job-scarce environment, where unemployment is rife the need for fostering entrepreneurship especially among youth is a prime concern. This is arguably the case in South Africa, where despite a number of government-pioneered interventions, the level of youth entrepreneurship, particularly in township areas remains unsatisfactory. This study takes a two-pronged approach to establish specific factors that are inhibiting youth entrepreneurship development, and determine the prospects of youth entrepreneurship development in Khayelitsha in the Western Cape, South Africa. The data was collected via self-administered questionnaires that were distributed to 132 respondents, which were randomly drawn from a population of 200 youth entrepreneurs registered on the database of a local organisation which promotes and develops entrepreneurship in the Western Cape. The findings revealed, among others, that a major inhibiting factor to entrepreneurship development is the lack of awareness and inaccessibility of youth entrepreneurship support structures and initiatives in this community. Interestingly though, this hindrance does not appear to have a negative bearing on the identified growing enthusiasm of the youth to engage in entrepreneurial activities. Overall, on the basis of the challenges and prospects revealed, recommendations to improve the current situation are made. This study is an applied research effort and its relevance is linked to the fact that it provides rare insight into the state of youth entrepreneurship in a large but under-researched township community in the Western Cape. The findings and recommendations therefore bear far-reaching ramifications for all stakeholders who are concerned about developing youth entrepreneurship in this society.

scholarly journals An Overview of Internet Developments and their Impact on E-Government in South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goonasagree Naidoo ◽  
S. Singh ◽  
Niall Levine
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
The Government

The usage of the internet has grown over recent years in South Africa but at a very slow rate. This is the result of several challenges facing the growth of the Internet in South Africa. These challenges are mostly related to the lack of infrastructure for the Internet, high cost of computer technology and service provider challenges. The paper provides an overview of the Internet usage and its impact on E-Government in South Africa. It examines regulatory issues pertaining to the Internet. It also examines Internet growth in the business and government sectors. In the government sector, the Cape Online Strategy, is an initiative by the provincial government of the Western Cape in SA, is an example of a global trend towards greater levels of interactivity between government and citizens. This initiative is an excellent example of how Web-based solutions can be used to deliver certain services to citizens. Another excellent example is an E-justice initiative undertaken by the Department of Justice. The initiative aims at promoting a more efficient system of Justice in SA. The paper also provides an overview of the challenges to Internet adoption in South Africa.

scholarly journals Crime Analysis and Prediction Using Data Mining and Machine Learning Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1259-1270
Author(s):  
Jasmeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Association Rule ◽  
Association Rule Mining ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Crime Analysis ◽  
Crime Trends ◽  
Outlier Analysis ◽  
Rule Mining ◽  
Data Mining Techniques ◽  
The Government

Abstract: With the increase in crime rates across the world, it has become important for the Government and crime handling agencies to control the situation as it has put every person in distress. This paper is an attempt to systematically analyze and identify the crime trends across the years, the inter-state relations based on crime rates and categories through the data available, which will help in predicting the crime trends in future and will be instrumental for the Government to take informed actions and improve the country’s situation. This paper applies various data mining techniques in order to analyze the crime records in India. The results of analysis have been compared for various algorithms in the domain of Association Rule Mining, Clustering, Outlier Analysis, Regression and Classification. The paper also attempts to predict the future occurrences of crimes using classification and regression algorithms which use data mining techniques . Keywords: Crime Analysis, Data Mining, Association Rule Mining, Clustering, outlier Analysis, Classification, Regression

scholarly journals Qualitative research as theater: fieldwork in a South African township through the prism of Goffman’s dramaturgical metaphor

Afrika Focus ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
Caroline Masquillier
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
South African ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
High Crime ◽  
Real Self ◽  
South African Township ◽  
Insight Into

This autoethnographic paper reflects on the qualitative fieldwork I conducted in a township on the outskirts of Cape Town, South Africa. By exploring how a metaphor can assist in autoethnographic reflection, I aim to gain insight into how data can best be collected in deprived informal settlements characterized by high crime rates. This autoethnographic paper draws on the autobiographical materials of the researcher as primary data. This self-reflexive route, which relied on Erving Goffman’s dramaturgical metaphor, helped me to process my various fieldwork experiences in a more systematic manner. Attempting to reconcile my ‘work’ role – a professional, reliable and confidential advisor – with my ‘non-work’ role – my supposed real self – involved emotion management and the tools of the stage outlined by Goffman in order that the fieldwork could be conducted in an atmosphere of trust while maintaining a professional distance.

scholarly journals HIV Treatment, Prevention, Surveillance and Patient Monitoring in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Williams
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Emergency Plan ◽  
Individual Patient Level ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
The Government

South Africa is afflicted with the worst epidemic of HIV in the world a legacy of the system of oscillating migrant labour in the region and the consequent social disruption that was the legacy of Apartheid. The initial response from the national government was slow and ineffective but once the magnitude of the epidemic became apparent the government began to respond. The investment in HIV- and TB-related activities in 2013 was R22 Bn or (US$2.5; 2013 exchange rate) of which the South Africa government contributed 80% and the Presidents Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) 17%. South Africa now has the more people on anti-retroviral therapy than any other country and treatment is being started much sooner after infection. Much of the best biomedical, virological, immunological, mathematical and social science around the treatment and prevention of HIV and AIDS and the associated epidemic of TB has been done by South African’s and their international collaborators. If the efforts to control the epidemic are maintained South Africa is on track to meet the UNAIDS 90-90-90target by 2020 and to End AIDS by 2030 in spite of the magnitude of the problem. While individual, patient level data are increasingly available, especially in the Western Cape, much greater efforts need to be made to ensure that the information collected in this way is used to give feedback and support to clinic staff, to ensure that health clinics are providing the best possible service, and to individual patients and people living with HIV to ensure that they are receiving the best possible care and support. South Africa needs to make better use of the rich and detailed data that are being collected from individual clinics and their patients to identify problems or difficulties at the clinic level and to ensure that individual patients are retained on treatment, are virally suppressed and receive the best possible care and support.

Marketing Strategies for E-Government and E-Agriculture Services in South Africa

2012 ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Blessing Maumbe ◽  
V. Owei
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Call Centre ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Government Information ◽  
Government Service ◽  
Market Communication ◽  
The Government

The government of South Africa (GSA) has embarked on a major program for e-service delivery. The Batho Pele Gateway Project is the access portal to government information and a key driver of the e-government transformation in South Africa. Although the GSA is determined to make e-government service delivery successful, the average citizen does not fully comprehend the key transformations driving government engagement with civil society and businesses. Therefore, the Cape Gateway Project (CGP) is confronted with the immense task to develop and implement a strategic marketing program for e-government by the Provincial Government of the Western Cape (PGWC) which is not only a portal, but also a call centre and walk-in centre. Various marketing tactics have been deployed, but their efficacy in elevating awareness levels and converting that to actual sustained use of e-government service delivery remains unknown. This chapter proposes an e-government marketing framework and uses CGP experience to examine communication and branding strategies for e-government in a South African context. Key challenges facing e-government market communication strategy are highlighted.

scholarly journals The unemployed mid-career adult: stressors and support

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Ribton-Turner ◽  
Gideon P De Bruin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Insight Into

The high rate of unemployment in South Africa is of national concern yet the experience of being unemployed is little understood; not enough is known about the unemployed condition in South Africa. In this study eight unemployed mid-career adults who had been out of work for longer than six months were interviewed in order to explore their lived experience. A qualitative methodology was used and from the extensive interview data, using qualitative content analysis, themes relating to the unemployed condition emerged. Results support, to a large degree, the existing literature and studies on the stressors impacting on the unemployed. This study offers additional insight into the support structures available for the unemployed adult.

THE CHANGING POLITICS OF SLAVE HERITAGE IN THE WESTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIGEL WORDEN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
South African ◽  
Public History ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Politics Of Identity ◽  
African Identity ◽  
Concepts Of Knowledge ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTChanges that have taken place in the ways in which the slave past has been remembered and commemorated in the Western Cape region of South Africa provide insight into the politics of identity in this locality. During most of the twentieth century, public awareness of slave heritage was well buried, but the ending of apartheid provided a new impetus to acknowledge and memorialize the slave past. This engagement in public history has been a vexed process, reflecting contested concepts of knowledge and the use of heritage as both a resource and a weapon in contemporary South African identity struggles.

scholarly journals AN AUTOREGRESSIVE DISTRIBUTIVE LAG ANALYSIS OF CRIME & TOURISM IN THE WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-308
Author(s):  
Rufaro GARIDZIRAI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Western Cape Province ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Lag Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between crime and tourism has not received much attention in the academic fraternity. Instead, extensive attention has been placed on the impact of tourism on economic growth, inequality, poverty and employment. To contribute to the scarce literature on crime-tourism, the researcher examined the impact of crime on tourists arrival in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. An Autoregressive Distributive Lag model was employed to examine whether crime reduces or increases the arrival of tourists in the Western Cape Province. The results show that robberies, car hijacking and unemployment minimizes the number of tourists in the province, while economic growth and prosecution per population increases the number of tourists in the province. The results further highlight that robberies, car hijacking and unemployment disequilibrium can be solved after 1 year 6 months, holding all other things constant. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the government provide more employment opportunities to prevent crime in the province.

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