scholarly journals Accelerating to zero: speeding up the decarbonization of heavy-duty vehicles in the EU

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Xylia ◽  
◽  
Jindan Gong ◽  
Olle Olsson ◽  
Frances X. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

The objective of this report is to analyse the current status and outlook for decarbonization of the heavy-duty vehicle sector in the EU. The authors focus on developments over the coming 10 years, and how much the sector’s emissions could be reduced through energy efficiency improvements, electrification, and increased biofuel deployment.

scholarly journals Experimental Determination of the Performances during the Cold Start-Up of an Air Compressor Unit for Electric and Electrified Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3664
Author(s):  
Gianluca Valenti ◽  
Stefano Murgia ◽  
Ida Costanzo ◽  
Matteo Scarnera ◽  
Francesco Battistella
Keyword(s):  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Compressor Unit ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Air Compressor ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

Compressed air is crucial on an electric or electrified heavy-duty vehicle. The objective of this work was to experimentally determine the performance parameters of the first prototype of an electric-driven sliding-vane air compressor, specifically designed for electric and electrified heavy-duty vehicles, during the transient conditions of cold start-ups. The transient was analyzed for different thermostatic temperatures: 0 °C, −10 °C, −20 °C, and −30 °C. The air compressor unit was placed in a climatic chamber and connected to the electric grid, the water-cooling loop, and the compressed air measuring and controlling rig. The required start-up time was greater the lower the thermostatic temperature, ranging from 30 min at 0 °C to 221 min at −30 °C and depending largely on the volume of the lubricant oil filled initially. The volume flow rate of the compressed air was lower than nominal at the beginning, but it showed a step increase well beyond nominal when the oil reached 50 °C and then decreased gently towards nominal, while the input power kept steady at nominal after a short initial peak. These facts must be considered when estimating the time and the energy required by the air compressor unit to fill up the compressed air tanks of the vehicles.

Economic Incentives to Mitigate Impacts of State Low-Emission Vehicle Standard for Heavy-Duty Vehicles

1996 ◽  
Vol 1520 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Thomas Kornfield ◽  
Jonathan Skolnik
Keyword(s):  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
The State ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Emission Standards ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

Economic incentive concepts that might reduce the likelihood that heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) operators will move their base operations out of California as a result of potential low-emission standards for HDVs based in the state are examined. In particular, 11 economic incentives that fall into the categories of rebates, taxes and fees, loans, and trading measures are examined. The results support the adoption of a fee-bate system under which registration fees would be based on the emission contributions of HDVs. Such a system could be applied to instate and out-of-state HDVs, thereby eliminating the incentive for operators to relocate outside California while encouraging the purchase and use of low-emission HDVs.

Modelling the longitudinal braking dynamics for heavy-duty vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110045
Author(s):  
İbrahim Can Güleryüz ◽  
Özgün Başer
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
System Model ◽  
Pneumatic System ◽  
Brake System ◽  
System Response ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Time Prediction ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

This paper establishes a reliable heavy-duty braking system model that can be used for response time prediction and for vehicle braking calculations regarding the legislative requirements. For the response time prediction, a pneumatic system model of a heavy-duty vehicle is constructed by Matlab Simulink in consideration of service brake layout. To ensure the accuracy of system parameters related with pneumatic system response time experiments are conducted on two different 4 × 4 heavy-duty vehicles. The numerically calculated response time results are validated with experimental data. To improve the response time of the vehicle, design modifications are conducted on the pneumatic brake system properties. To check the compliance of the pneumatic brake system design with legislative requirements of UN Regulation 13, heavy-duty vehicle brake system (HVBS) model is developed by using Matlab Simulink. HVBS model is composed of longitudinal vehicle and wheel dynamics, Magic Formula tyre model, wheel slip and the experimentally verified heavy-duty pneumatic system model. The braking performance analyses are conducted by using HVBS model to compare the design alternatives in accordance with the legal requirements in terms of service braking and secondary braking conditions.

scholarly journals A Novel Mechatronics Approach to Measure The Payload of Heavy Duty Vehicle

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
A.Y. Patil ◽  
R. Savadi ◽  
C.N. Shet ◽  
B. B. Kotturshettar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Parameter ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
The Future ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

Abstract We are in an era of MEMS and NEMS, to be precise a product with lean and an integral of ‘n’ number of electromechanical elements. For example, nearly 80% of components are electrical/electronics in an automobile unit. This leads to think on the future market, that would witness a paradigm shift from Mechanical centric systems to Mechatronics systems. An approach was implemented in this paper to see through how a measurement of physical parameter can be dealt with principles of Mechatronics. Measurement of heavy duty vehicles payload is a concern, as there exists a difficulty in identifying the location and capacity of weigh bridge units. To address this issue an experimental and simulation approach was adopted to quantify/correlate the results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of heavy-duty vehicles engine life with controlled modification of engine oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Anton Shalkov ◽  
Andrey Kuznetsov ◽  
Evgeny Kuzin
Keyword(s):  
Technical Condition ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
The Third ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
Fourth Level ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Instrumental Methods ◽  
Engine Life ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

The article presents the method of controlled modification of engine oil, as well as the results of operational studies to assess the service life of heavy-duty vehicle engines. The method of controlled modification of engine oil includes a system of five levels of information helping to assess the technical condition of engines of heavy-duty vehicles, including mining dump trucks. The first level of the methodology includes the use of subjective methods for determining the technical condition of engines by its external manifestations. The second level of the methodology includes the use of simple instrumental methods and means of obtaining diagnostic information about the technical condition of the engine and its subsystems. The third level of the technique involves the use of a drip test of engine oil. The fourth level of the methodology includes the chemical analysis of engine oil samples. The fifth level of the technique involves spectral analysis of engine oil to determine the presence of metals.

scholarly journals A Critcal Study of Driving Performance of Heavy Duty Vehicle Running on Long Downhill Road Using Engine Brake

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhao ◽  
Xiaolei Yuan ◽  
Qiang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Rise ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

For ensuring safety of heavy duty vehicles running on long downhill sections, a model was built for the application of engine brake and service brake combination based on test results. A model of brake temperature rise for heavy duty vehicles running on long downhill sections was also constructed. For different braking modes, gear positions, speed and downhill slopes, brake temperature rising to 250°C was used as the index. Then simulation of brake temperature rise and downhill distance was researched. Simulation results illustrate that the combined braking of low gear and high speed should be adopted for heavy duty vehicles running on long downhill sections.

scholarly journals Energy Policies at Crossroads − Will Europe's 2030 targets and framework be in line with the Paris Climate Agreement?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Rainer Hinrichs-Rahlwes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Legislative Proposals ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement ◽  
The Eu

In November 2016, the European Commission presented the Clean-Energy-for-all-Europeans Package. It consists of eight legislative proposals which should define targets and policy and regulatory frameworks for the EU's climate and energy policies up to 2030 and beyond. Recasts of the existing Renewable Energies Directive and the Energy Efficiency Directive, as well as proposals for a new energy market design, which should be fit for renewables, are among the key elements of the package, which aims at replacing the existing 2020-framework. The package includes 2030-targets for Greenhouse Gas Reduction (at least 40%), Energy Efficiency (at least 27/30%), and the share of Renewables in Gross Final Energy Consumption (at least 27%). In contrast to the 2020-framework, the EU-wide renewables-target would no longer be underpinned by binding national targets but should be reached in a joint effort with a new governance system. Since the proposal was submitted to the European Parliament and the European Council for the legislative procedures which must end in an agreement before the next elections for the European Parliament in 2019, controversial debates are taking place. The intention is to finalise the legal procedures before the end of 2018. Parliament and Council had planned to decide about their respective opinions about the various pieces by February 2018. Afterwards, probably not finished before the end of 2018, compromise negations will take place, before the whole package will eventually be accepted by both bodies. Among the most controversially discussed topics is the ambition level of the proposals and whether or not it is in line with the commitments signed by the EU and all its Member States in the context of the Paris Agreement. Industry stakeholders not only from the renewable energy sector and environmental NGOs have proposed significantly higher targets in order to stay “well below 2 °C” of global warming before the end of the century. They also suggested continuing binding national targets or − as a compromise − enacting a very strict governance system. I shall present and evaluate the state of play of the 2030-framework decision process. And I shall end with some policy recommendation still to be considered in the ongoing debate.

scholarly journals Regional and environmental impacts of expanding the heavy duty vehicle charge to the secondary road network in Austria

Empirica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl W. Steininger ◽  
Christoph Schmid ◽  
Alexandra Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle

scholarly journals Driver Evaluation in Heavy Duty Vehicles Based on Acceleration and Braking Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Emin Mumcuoglu ◽  
Gokhan Alcan ◽  
Mustafa Unel ◽  
Onur Cicek ◽  
Mehmet Mutluergil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles
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