Geomagnetic field mapping

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Jan Jurica
Keyword(s):  
Solar Flares ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
The Earth ◽  
North Magnetic Pole ◽  
Time Periods

This work focuses on creating maps of the geomagnetic field and areas of increased cosmic radiation surrounding the Earth. Data were measured by Proba-V satellite at Low-Earth orbit 820 kilometres above the Earth during 2015. The actual measured data were compared with the calculated magnetic values. The created maps serve to a better understanding of the shape of the geomagnetic field and show magnetic equator, north magnetic pole and more. The map confirms that the area of the South Atlantic Anomaly corresponds with the weakest area of the geomagnetic field. Maps of different time periods of 2015 show small changes in the shape of the geomagnetic field during a year. Increased attention was paid to June 2015, when solar flares were passing near the Earth. The observation confirms that solar flares have a significant effect on the shape of the geomagnetic field.

Cosmic radiation monitoring at low-Earth orbit by means of thermoluminescence and plastic nuclear track detectors

2017 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Ambrožová ◽  
Kateřina Pachnerová Brabcová ◽  
Jan Kubančák ◽  
Jakub Šlegl ◽  
Raisa V. Tolochek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Radiation Monitoring ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
Nuclear Track Detectors ◽  
Plastic Nuclear Track Detectors

scholarly journals Guidance Stabilization of Satellites Using the Geomagnetic Field

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Francisco Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
Small Satellites ◽  
Attitude Stabilization ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Low Earth Orbit Satellite ◽  
Games Theory

In the last years the small satellites have played an important role in the technological development. The attractive short period of design and low cost of them and the capacity to solve problems that are usually considered as problems to big and expensive spacecrafts lead us to study the control problem of these satellites. Active three-axis magnetic attitude stabilization of a low Earth orbit satellite is considered in this work. The control is created by interaction between the magnetic moment generated by magnetorquers mounted on the satellite body and the geomagnetic field. This problem is quite complex and difficult to solve. To overcome this difficulty guidance control is considered, where we use ε-strategies introduced by Pontryagin in the frame of differential games theory. Qualitative analysis and results of numerical simulation are presented.

scholarly journals Fitting Zodiacal Models

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
Zodiacal Light ◽  
Extragalactic Background Light ◽  
Background Light

Models of the zodiacal light are necessary to convert measured data taken from low Earth orbit into the radiation field outside the Solar System. The uncertainty in these models dominates the overall uncertainty in determining the extragalactic background light for wavelengths λ < 100 μm.

scholarly journals Combustion Synthesis Technology for a Sustainable Settlement Overnight

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Osamu Odawara
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Thermal Control ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth

Space technology has been developed for frontier exploration not only in low-earth orbit environment but also beyond the earth orbit to the Moon and Mars, where material resources might be strongly restricted and almost impossible to be resupplied from the earth for distant and long-term missions performance toward “long-stays of humans in space”. For performing such long-term space explorations, none would be enough to develop technologies with resources only from the earth; it should be required to utilize resources on other places with different nature of the earth, i.e., in-situ resource utilization. One of important challenges of lunar in-situ resource utilization is thermal control of spacecraft on lunar surface for long-lunar durations. Such thermal control under “long-term field operation” would be solved by “thermal wadis” studied as a part of sustainable researches on overnight survivals such as lunar-night. The resources such as metal oxides that exist on planets or satellites could be refined, and utilized as a supply of heat energy, where combustion synthesis can stand as a hopeful technology for such requirements. The combustion synthesis technology is mainly characterized with generation of high-temperature, spontaneous propagation of reaction, rapid synthesis and high operability under various influences with centrifugal-force, low-gravity and high vacuum. These concepts, technologies and hardware would be applicable to both the Moon and Mars, and these capabilities might achieve the maximum benefits of in-situ resource utilization with the aid of combustion synthesis applications. The present paper mainly concerns the combustion synthesis technologies for sustainable lunar overnight survivals by focusing on “potential precursor synthesis and formation”, “in-situ resource utilization in extreme environments” and “exergy loss minimization with efficient energy conversion”.

scholarly journals Statistical Characteristics of Solar Proton Flares

1993 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 366-368
Author(s):  
Jia-Long Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solar Physics ◽  
Special Property ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Earth

AbstractAn investigation of the statistical behaviour of solar flares responsible for the proton events detected at the earth orbit would be of significance for solar physics and sun-earth research. Based on the data given by Kunches (1992) and other relevant data, we study the statistical behaviour of solar proton flares. The asymmetry of distributions, special property of hard X-ray bursts and relation to the large scale mean magnetic field of the proton flares are given in this paper.

scholarly journals AS FOLLOWS FROM OUR MODEL THE NORTH MAGNETIC POLE IS STABLE IN ITS DRIFT

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
B.В. Кузнецов
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Drift Model ◽  
North Magnetic Pole ◽  
Resolute Bay ◽  
Magnetic Observatories

Северный магнитный полюс движется согласно модели дрейфа, предложенной канадским магнитологом Хоупом 1 и разработанной автором этой статьи 2, 3. В основе модели участие двух глобальных магнитных аномалий (ГМА): Канадской (КМА) и Сибирской (СМА). Вблизи этих ГМА расположены магнитные обсерватории: РезольютБей (RB Resolute Bay) в Канаде и Мыс Челюскин (CCh Cape Chelyskin) в России. Обсерватории регистрируют изменения величин Нкомпонент модуля геомагнитного поля (ГМП), причем в настоящее время в Канадском секторе регистрируется увеличение модуля ГМП, а в Сибирском, его уменьшение. Точка, в которой направленные навстречу векторы Нкомпонент равны друг другу, а Нкомпонента равна нулю, и есть СМП. Скорость дрейфа СМП определяется скоростью увеличения (или уменьшения) величин соответствующих ГМА. Использование этой простейшей схемы позволило автору давать очень точные прогнозы мест расположения СМП. Точно так же было определено время перехода СМП из Западного полушария в Восточное (лето 2019). Точность методики определяется исключительно точностью аппроксимации величины Нкомпонент 24. The North Magnetic Pole submits its moving to the drift model proposed by Canadian magnitologist Hope 5 and this developed by the author 6,7 which suggests an impact of two global magnetic anomalies (GMA), Canadian (CMA) and Siberian (SMA) into the pole drift. Magnetic observatories Resolute Bay, Canada, and Cape Chelyskin, Russia, located near these GMA, are recording the Hcomponent values. Nowadays increasing at the Canada area the geomagnetic field module is decreasing at the Siberia one. The NMP is the point where the vectors of Hcomponent directed towards each other are equal and the value of Hcomponent makes zero. The velocity of the NMP drift is determined by the fluctuating rate of GMA magnitudes. This technique enabled the author to predict as the NMP positions and the time of the NMP transit from the West hemisphere to the East one as 2019, summer. The technique accuracy is governed by accuracy of Hcomponent values approximation 6, 7, 13.

On the position of the north magnetic pole

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 254-254 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Position ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
The North ◽  
The Earth ◽  
North Magnetic Pole ◽  
To Come ◽  
Magnetic Poles ◽  
Magnetic Needle ◽  
Made In

The author remarks that the discordances in former observations made with a view to determine the position of the magnetic pole, have arisen partly from the irregularity of distribution in the earth of the substances which exert magnetic power, and partly from the great distances from the magnetic poles at which these observations have been made. The latter cause of uncertainty has been now, in a great measure, removed, by the numerous and accurate observations made during the late arctic expeditions. The object of the present paper is to put on record those which were made in the last voyage of Captain Ross, in which a spot was reached corresponding to the true north magnetic pole on the surface of the earth. The nature of the instruments, and the difficulties encountered in their practical employment, under the circumstances of the expedition, are fully stated. Having arrived, on the 1st of June, at north latitude 70° 5' 17", and west longitude 96° 45' 48", the horizontal magnetic needle exhibited no determinate directive tendency, and the dipping needle was within a minute of the vertical position, a quantity which may be supposed to come within the limits of the errors of observation; hence the author concludes that this spot may be considered as the true magnetic pole, or as a very near approximation to it, as far, at least, as could be ascertained with the limited means of determination of which he was then in possession. A table of the observations, including those on the intensity of the magnetic force at various stations, is subjoined.

scholarly journals Diagnosing low-/mid-latitude ionospheric currents using platform magnetometers: CryoSat-2 and GRACE-FO

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeheung Park ◽  
Claudia Stolle ◽  
Yosuke Yamazaki ◽  
Jan Rauberg ◽  
Ingo Michaelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Solar Maximum ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
Ionospheric Currents ◽  
F Region ◽  
Leo Satellites ◽  
Magnetometer Data ◽  
Gravity Recovery

Abstract Electric currents flowing in the terrestrial ionosphere have conventionally been diagnosed by low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellites equipped with science-grade magnetometers and long booms on magnetically clean satellites. In recent years, there are a variety of endeavors to incorporate platform magnetometers, which are initially designed for navigation purposes, to study ionospheric currents. Because of the suboptimal resolution and significant noise of the platform magnetometers, however, most of the studies were confined to high-latitude auroral regions, where magnetic field deflections from ionospheric currents easily exceed 100 nT. This study aims to demonstrate the possibility of diagnosing weak low-/mid-latitude ionospheric currents based on platform magnetometers. We use navigation magnetometer data from two satellites, CryoSat-2 and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO), both of which have been intensively calibrated based on housekeeping data and a high-precision geomagnetic field model. Analyses based on 8 years of CryoSat-2 data as well as ~ 1.5 years of GRACE-FO data reproduce well-known climatology of inter-hemispheric field-aligned currents (IHFACs), as reported by previous satellite missions dedicated to precise magnetic observations. Also, our results show that C-shaped structures appearing in noontime IHFAC distributions conform to the shape of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The F-region dynamo currents are only partially identified in the platform magnetometer data, possibly because the currents are weaker than IHFACs in general and depend significantly on altitude and solar activity. Still, this study evidences noontime F-region dynamo currents at the highest altitude (717 km) ever reported. We expect that further data accumulation from continuously operating missions may reveal the dynamo currents more clearly during the next solar maximum.

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