scholarly journals Effects of aiming lines and visual function on the golf putting alignment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
You-Jin Kim ◽  
Young-Gap Jin ◽  
Bon-Yeop Koo ◽  
Jung-Un Jang ◽  
Ki-Choong Mah
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Fixation Disparity ◽  
Golf Putting ◽  
Minimum Angle ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alignment Errors ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Background: In golf, a player hits a ball with a club, aiming to transfer the ball successively into a series of hole cups in a course consisting of 18 (or fewer) holes. This study aimed to compare the impact of visual function and the presence and number of aiming lines on golf putting alignment between beginner and expert golfers. Methods: In this prospective comparative study, 43 participants with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) of corrected distance binocular visual acuity of –0.07 ± 0.74 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, who knew their average golf scores, were divided into beginner and expert golfers. Six visual function tests were conducted to assess heterotropia, dominant eye, verification of current spectacles, static visual acuity, stereopsis, and fixation disparity. At the putting distances of 1.5 m and 3 m, alignment errors were measured five times each, using golf balls with 1 and 3 aiming line(s) and putters with 1 and 3 aiming line(s). Results: The mean ± SD of age was 48.33 ± 10.07 years for study participants overall. The accuracy of ball alignment was not affected by the career or number of aiming lines, but the putter alignment was higher for the 3-lines putter than for the 1-line putter (P < 0.05). When the number and shape of the aiming line were the same for both the ball and putter, the aiming accuracy was found to be higher. In both stereopsis and fixation disparity, the combination of putting distance and a 3-lines ball showed negative values; all other combinations showed positive values, but no statistically significant correlation was detected (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: The accuracy of golf ball alignment did not depend on the number of aiming lines and the golfer’s career. However, the predicted putting success rate and subjective satisfaction were increased when three-line golf balls and putters were used, as compared to when one-line golf balls and putters were used. How to cite this article: Kim YJ, Jin YG, Koo BY, Jang JU, Mah KC. Effects of aiming lines and visual function on the golf putting alignment. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Optom.2021 Spring; 2(1): 41-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry124

Improving Patient-Assessed Outcomes after Cataract Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrad Samadi ◽  
Mats Lundström ◽  
Maria Kugelberg
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Poor Patient ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Minimum Angle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Purpose To identify and evaluate possible causes of poor patient-reported visual function after cataract surgery. Methods We obtained retrospective data from the Swedish National Cataract Register on patient self-assessed visual function before and after cataract surgery based on the Catquest-9SF questionnaire. We identified patients who self-reported similar or more difficulties postoperatively than preoperatively, and looked at possible causative variables such as sex, age, preoperative and postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and refractive errors, and ocular comorbidity. Results Nearly 75% of the 119 patients identified had a better postoperative CDVA; the mean CDVA increased by over 0.2 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity. Patients with low or high preoperative CDVA had poor self-assessed outcomes postoperatively. Younger patients (52-68 years) had a lower self-assessed outcome than more elderly patients. Surgical complications and poor near vision yielded lower outcomes. Anisometropia, ocular comorbidity, and sex did not significantly affect the outcome in this specific group. Conclusions Patients content with their visual function despite the presence of a cataract should defer surgery. This may also include patients younger than 68 years with good visual function. Detailed information given to the patients about their ophthalmic condition, the surgical procedure and risks, and the eventual need for reading glasses postoperatively may result in higher self-assessed visual function outcomes among patients.

scholarly journals Quality of eyeglass prescriptions from a low-cost wavefront autorefractor evaluated in rural India: results of a 708-participant field study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Durr ◽  
Shivang R Dave ◽  
Daryl Lim ◽  
Sanil Joseph ◽  
Thulasiraj D Ravilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Form Factor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Resource Setting ◽  
Low Resource Setting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minimum Angle ◽  
The Mean

ObjectiveTo assess the quality of eyeglass prescriptions provided by an affordable wavefront autorefractor operated by a minimally trained technician in a low-resource setting.Methods and Analysis708 participants were recruited from consecutive patients registered for routine eye examinations at Aravind Eye Hospital in Madurai, India, or an affiliated rural satellite vision centre. Visual acuity (VA) and patient preference were compared between trial lenses set to two eyeglass prescriptions from (1) a novel wavefront autorefractor and (2) subjective refraction by an experienced refractionist.ResultsThe mean±SD VA was 0.30±0.37, –0.02±0.14 and −0.04±0.11 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units before correction, with autorefractor correction and with subjective refraction correction, respectively (all differences p<0.01). Overall, 25% of participants had no preference, 33% preferred eyeglass prescriptions from autorefraction, and 42% preferred eyeglass prescriptions from subjective refraction (p<0.01). Of the 438 patients 40 years old and younger, 96 had no preference and the remainder had no statistically significant difference in preference for subjective refraction prescriptions (51%) versus autorefractor prescriptions (49%) (p=0.52).ConclusionAverage VAs from autorefractor-prescribed eyeglasses were one letter worse than those from subjective refraction. More than half of all participants either had no preference or preferred eyeglasses prescribed by the autorefractor. This marginal difference in quality may warrant autorefractor-based prescriptions, given the portable form factor, short measurement time, low cost and minimal training required to use the autorefractor evaluated here.

Outcomes After the Use of Silicone Oil in Complex Retinal Detachment Repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Omar A. Saleh ◽  
Efrat Fleissig ◽  
Charles C. Barr
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Minimum Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Better Than

Purpose: This study compares visual acuity (VA), anatomic outcomes, and complications in eyes that underwent complex retinal detachment (RD) repair in which silicone oil (SO) was retained vs removed. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing vitrectomy with SO tamponade. The eyes were divided into 2 groups based upon SO removal or retention. Main outcome measures were corrected VA, anatomic outcomes, and the presence of SO-related complications. Results: Fifty-seven eyes with removed SO and 53 eyes with retained SO were identified. In both groups, the mean best-corrected VA (BCVA) at the final visit was significantly better than at baseline. In the retained-SO group, vision improved from 1.79 ± 0.6 to 1.2 ± 0.7 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (Snellen, 20/1200 to 20/350) at the final visit ( P < .001). In the removed-SO group, mean BCVA improved from 1.84 ± 0.5 at baseline to 1.55 ± 0.6 logMAR units (Snellen, 20/1400 to 20/700) at the visit preceding SO removal ( P < .002) and to 1.43 ± 0.6 logMAR units (Snellen, 20/500) at the final visit ( P < .001). Complication rates were similar in both groups, apart from RD, which occurred more frequently in the removed-SO group ( P = .03). Conclusions: There was similarity in VA and complications among patients with removed or retained SO. Removal of SO may benefit eyes with SO-related complications, but SO retention may decrease the chance of RD and may be indicated in selected cases.

scholarly journals Ophthalmic Findings and Their Effect on Visual Function in Persons with Albinism in Southern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ihunanya Ibanga ◽  
Chinyere N. Pedro-Egbe ◽  
Alfred A. Onua ◽  
Bassey Fiebai
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Disorders ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Study Participants

Aim: To determine the pattern of ocular disorders in persons with albinism and how they affect visual function. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over a five-month period on persons living with albinism in Southern Nigeria. The study participants were randomly selected during the monthly meetings of a support group known as The Albinism Foundation (TAF).Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were assessed using the ETDRS visual acuity chart and Pelli Robson contrast sensitivity test chart. A comprehensive eye examination including dilated fundoscopy was also carried out to determine other ocular disorders. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 and statistical significance was set at a p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 116 PWA (232 eyes) were examined. There were 44 (37.9%) males and 72 (62.1%) females. The age of the study subjects ranged from 5 to 56 years. Most eyes were visually impaired for both distance (n=228; 98.3%) and near vision (n= 224; 96.6%). Contrast sensitivity in most eyes (n=138; 59.5%) was subnormal. With refraction and Low Vision Aid (LVA), there was significant improvement of the mean VA by 2-3 acuity lines and 6 acuity lines respectively (p=0.000). All the examined eyes had fundus hypo-pigmentation, 91.4% (n=212) had iris trans-illumination, 86.2% (n=200) had nystagmus, and 34.4% (n=80) had strabismus. Nystagmus, strabismus and iris trans-illumination significantly (p=0.00) reduced visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. Conclusion: Most study participants had reduced distance visual acuity and contrast sensitivity but with correction there was a significant improvement in vision. The presence of nystagmus, strabismus and iris trans-illumination were observed to contribute to the poor vision experienced by most persons living with albinism. Hence, early optical intervention and counselling is important in improving the quality of living of persons with albinism.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Improvement in Visual Acuity and QOL After Ranibizumab Treatment for Age-related Macular Degeneration Patients: QUATRO Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Oshima ◽  
Yumi Ishibashi ◽  
Naoyasu Umeda ◽  
Tatsuo Nagata ◽  
Shigeo Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Satisfaction Questionnaire ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Baseline Visual Acuity ◽  
Ranibizumab Treatment

Abstract Background: To evaluate the correlation between visual acuity improvement and vision-related QOL after ranibizumab treatment in Japanese patients with AMD.Methods: In this one-year prospective, interventional, open-label, multicenter study involving four sites, patients with neovascular AMD were enrolled and observed for 12 months. Treatment-naïve patients received 0.5 mg ranibizumab as needed (PRN) after three initial monthly doses. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured at every visit. Fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, and evaluations with the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) and patient satisfaction questionnaire were performed at baseline and 3 and 12 months after initial treatment. The primary endpoint was the change in BCVA and QOL 3 months after ranibizumab treatment. Secondary endpoints included change in BCVA, QOL, CMT, and patient satisfaction over 12 months.Results: The study enrolled 100 patients. The mean logMAR BCVA after the 3-month treatment improved significantly from 0.43 to 0.30 (p<0.0001). The mean NEI-VFQ-25 composite scores were higher after 3 months of ranibizumab treatment, improving from 79.48 to 84.13 (p<0.0001). The changes in the NEI-VFQ-25 score and BCVA showed significant correlation in the poor baseline visual acuity group (decimal BCVA below 0.5, p=0.02) but not in the better baseline visual acuity group (decimal BCVA above 0.6, p=0.1) after the three loading doses. There were no significant differences in the satisfaction questionnaire score from baseline to after the three loading doses (p=0.5466). The average CMT improved significantly from 340 to 264 mm after the loading doses (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Intravitreal ranibizumab treatment resulted in improvement in visual acuity, anatomical change, and visual function change in Japanese AMD patients. Significant improvement was seen in patient visual function, but this was not correlated with changes in VA in patients with higher or lower baseline VA. The patients' satisfaction with the treatment remained unchanged during the study period.

scholarly journals Quantification of Ocular Parameters To Create An Anatomical Eye Model for The Japanese Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takushi Kawamorita ◽  
Hiroshi Uozato ◽  
Tetsuro Oshika ◽  
Kazuno Negishi ◽  
Takashi Fujikado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Minimum Angle ◽  
Refractive Correction ◽  
Corneal Asphericity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Posterior Corneal Curvature

Abstract This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the eye shape and visual function of Japanese people through a multicenter approach and to create a Japanese model eye. Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA, respectively) in the log minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), subjective and objective spherical equivalent values (SE) of ocular refraction, anterior and posterior corneal curvature (ACC and PCC, respectively), anterior and posterior corneal asphericity (ACA and PCA, respectively), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and ocular axial length (AL) were measured in the eyes of 250 participants (mean age = 46.5 ± 18.0 years, range: 20–90 years) across five institutions in Japan. The mean UDVA, CDVA, subjective SE, objective SE, ACC, PCC, ACA, PCA, CCT, ACD, and AL were 0.68, -0.08, -2.42 D, -2.66 D, 7.77 mm, 6.33 mm, -0.31, -0.39, 0.55 mm, 2.92 mm, and 24.78 mm, respectively. Age-related changes and sex-based differences were observed in the visual acuity, refraction, corneal shape, ACD, and AL. Although the sample size needs to be increased, the results of this study can be applied to the development of refractive correction methods and various vision-related fields.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress Levels and Associated Factors Among SARS-CoV-2-Affected Young Adults Under Home Isolation—A Cross-Sectional Study From Kerala, India

2022 ◽  
pp. 263394472110586
Author(s):  
Anjana Nalina Kumari Kesavan Nair ◽  
Jisharaj Vijayakumari Rajasekharan Nair ◽  
Siji Vincent Swarnabai ◽  
Reshma Rajan Sudha ◽  
Alice Metilda Mendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Introduction The impact of SARS-CoV-2 is not only on physical health but also on mental health. This pandemic raised concerns of fear, anxiety, and stress among patients affected with the disease. Quarantine and home isolation might have created psychological distress and helplessness in patients due to social and economic reasons. This study aimed in assessing the level of perceived stress and factors associated with it among SARS-CoV-2-affected young adults who were under home isolation. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 147 SARS-CoV-2-affected young adults who were under home isolation during June 2021 to August 2021. A semi-structured proforma was created using KoBo Toolbox for humanitarian response for data collection. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) was used for measurement of stress among COVID-19 patients. The questionnaire was shared in online platform. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. Significance of association was tested using chi square test and independent sample t test. Logistic regression was done to predict the factors associated with perceived stress. Results Out of the 147 study participants, 56.5% were females and 43.5% were males. Symptoms were present in 94 (63.9%) of patients. The mean age of the study participants was 26 (10.5) years. The mean PSS score was 17.5 (6.4). Among the cases under home isolation, 24.5% had low stress levels, 68% had moderate stress levels, and 7.5% had severe stress levels. Feeling of loneliness during home isolation (odds ratio [OR]: 4.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.9-11.63], P = .008), presence of elderly or under-5 children in the same house (OR: 15.45, 95% CI [2.03-117.5], P = .001), and presence of cough ( P = .05) were found to be significantly associated with higher PSS scores. Age and sleep were negatively correlated with stress score. Conclusion One-third of the study participants had moderate to severe levels of perceived stress. Age, sleep hours, presence of cough, presence of under-5 children or elderly in the same house, and feeling of loneliness during home isolation were found to be significantly associated with high perceived stress level scores.

Abstract 17423: Impact of Hypertriglyceridemia on ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Outcomes

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Yildiz ◽  
Christian Schmidt ◽  
Santiago Garcia ◽  
Ross Garberich ◽  
Larissa I Stanberry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Of Care ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Premature Cad ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Heart Center ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Event Rates ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: There has been conflicting data regarding the impact of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) on STEMI outcomes, including reports of a “lipid paradox” defined as lower event rates in patients with HTG. Therefore, the association between HTG and outcomes in STEMI deserves further investigation especially given the results of REDUCE-IT trial. Methods: A prospective, multicenter database of the Midwest STEMI Consortium was examined. The Midwest STEMI Consortium is a unique association of 4 large STEMI systems of care: Iowa Heart Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Prairie Cardiovascular, and The Christ Hospital. We included all consecutive STEMI patients between age of 40 and 75. Those with missing TG levels were excluded (23%). We compared 3 groups of TG levels: normal (<150 mg/dl), moderate (150 to 499 mg/dl), and severe (>500 mg/dl) for MACE (death, MI, or stroke) and all-cause mortality. Results: Of 6492 consecutive STEMI patients from 03/2003 to 01/2020, 3760 (58%) met inclusion criteria. The mean (SD) age was 59.1 ± 9.2 and male gender was predominant (76%). A little over one-third of the study participants had moderate HTG (35%). Patients with higher TG levels had lower HDL levels and increased rates of history of premature CAD, DM, and HTN (Table). Moderate HTG was not a risk factor for MACE or all-cause mortality. Severe HTG was significantly associated with increased in-hospital (p=0.016) but not 1-year all-cause mortality (p=0.21) (Figure). Conclusions: In STEMI patients, higher TG levels were associated with increased in-hospital but not 1-year all-cause mortality.

scholarly journals Correlation between improvement in visual acuity and QOL after Ranibizumab treatment for age-related macular degeneration patients: QUATRO study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Oshima ◽  
Yumi Ishibashi ◽  
Naoyasu Umeda ◽  
Tatsuo Nagata ◽  
Shigeo Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽  
Satisfaction Questionnaire ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Baseline Visual Acuity ◽  
Ranibizumab Treatment

Abstract Background To evaluate the correlation between visual acuity improvement and vision-related QOL after ranibizumab treatment in Japanese patients with AMD. Methods In this one-year prospective, interventional, open-label, multicenter study involving four sites, patients with neovascular AMD were enrolled and observed for 12 months. Treatment-naïve patients received 0.5 mg ranibizumab as needed after three initial monthly doses. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured at every visit. Evaluations with the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) and patient satisfaction questionnaire were performed at baseline and 3 and 12 months after initial treatment. The primary endpoint was change in BCVA and QOL 3 months after ranibizumab treatment. QOL outcomes were also assessed in the better and poor BVCA subgroups. Results The study enrolled 100 patients. The mean logMAR BCVA after treatment improved significantly from 0.43 to 0.30 at 3 months (p< 0.0001), and 0.28 at 12 months (p< 0.0001). The mean NEI-VFQ-25 composite scores improved from 79.48 to 84.13 at 3 months (p< 0.0001), and 86.0 at 12 months (p< 0.0001). The 3 and 12-month changes in NEI-VFQ-25 score and BCVA showed significant correlation. In the poor baseline visual acuity group (decimal BCVA ≤0.5), there was a significant correlation between the changes in the NEI-VFQ-25 score and BCVA (p=0.02) but not in the better baseline visual acuity group (decimal BCVA > 0.6, p=0.1) at 3 months. There were no significant differences in the satisfaction questionnaire score from baseline to at 3 months (p=0.54) and 12 months (p=0.23). The average CMT improved significantly from 340 to 264 μm at 3 months (p< 0.0001) and to 268 μm at 12 months (p< 0.0001). Conclusions Intravitreal ranibizumab treatment resulted in improvement in visual acuity, anatomical change, and visual function change in Japanese AMD patients. Significant improvement was seen in patient visual function, and this was correlated with changes in VA, except immediately after loading dose treatment in patients with higher baseline VA. The patients’ satisfaction with the treatment remained unchanged during the study period. Trial registration This study is registered at UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000012013). Registered October 10, 2013, as prospective study.

scholarly journals Laboratory evaluation of higher-order aberrations and light scattering in explanted opacified intraocular lenses

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Łabuz ◽  
Timur M. Yildirim ◽  
Gerd U. Auffarth ◽  
Hyeck-Soo Son ◽  
Ramin Khoramnia
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Intraocular Lenses ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Higher Order Aberrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Intraocular lens (IOL) calcification is a serious condition that can only be treated by removing the clouded lens. Since explantation bears the risk of complications, it is often deferred until the patient finds the symptoms intolerable. Usually, as the IOL opacifies, visual acuity is minimally affected early on. In this study, we assessed the impact of IOL opacification on optical quality. Methods We analyzed ten opacified explanted IOLs (Oculentis GmbH). Wavefront aberrations were obtained with a SHSOphthalmic device (Optocraft GmbH), which features a Hartmann-Shack sensor. The root mean square (RMS) of higher-order aberrations (HOAs) was compared. The effect of calcification on image quality was assessed through the Strehl ratio (SR). We detected light scattering with a C-Quant (Oculus GmbH) and expressed it as a straylight parameter. Results At 2 mm, 3 mm and 4 mm, the mean RMS (±standard deviation) was 0.033 μm (±0.026 μm), 0.044 μm (±0.027), and 0.087 μm (±0.049), respectively. The mean SR value was 0.81 ± 0.15 at 3 mm, with four IOLs showing a nearly diffraction-limited performance, but in two explants, opacification precluded reliable measurements. Increased straylight was found in all opacified IOLs with a mean value of 150.2 ± 56.3 deg2/sr at 3 mm. Conclusions We demonstrated that IOL opacification induces HOAs. However, the RMS remained low, which resulted only in a slight reduction of the SR-derived optical quality. On the other hand, we found a severe straylight elevation in the opacified lenses, which may result in dysphotopsia, such as glare, and subjective complaints, despite good visual acuity.

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