scholarly journals Bias against Disconfirmatory Evidence in a large Nonclinical Sample: Associations with Schizotypy and Delusional Beliefs

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael V. Bronstein ◽  
Tyrone D. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Nonclinical Sample ◽  
Evidence Integration

Bias against disconfirmatory evidence (BADE) is associated with delusion-like ideation and delusion-related aspects of schizotypy in nonclinical populations. Using a well-validated BADE assessment, we sought to demonstrate that only one of two facets of BADE (Evidence Integration Impairment, but not Positive Response Bias) accounts for these associations. To this end, 738 MTurk participants completed a survey which included the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and a version of the aforementioned BADE assessment. Using multiple regression, it was found that only Evidence Integration Impairment accounted for unique variance in delusion-related SPQ subscale scores. These results suggest, consistent with our hypothesis, that Evidence Integration Impairment might solely account for previously observed associations between BADE more generally and various cognitions/personality traits. It follows from this suggestion that in the general population ambiguous situations may combine with cognitive biases to maintain delusion-like ideation.

Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire--Brief; Swedish Version

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Bejerot ◽  
Johan Wallén ◽  
Irina Manouilenko ◽  
Eva Hesselmark ◽  
Marie Elwin
Keyword(s):  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Swedish Version ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire

scholarly journals M236. AN ASSESSMENT OF THE DIMENSIONALITY OF A ROMANIAN TRANSLATION OF THE SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY QUESTIONNAIRE AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH QUALITY OF LIFE, SELF-ESTEEM, AND LIFE SATISFACTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S226-S226
Author(s):  
David Barron ◽  
Mona Vintila ◽  
Viren Swami
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire

Abstract Background While the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ; Raine, 1991) is an established measure of self-reported schizotypy, the higher-order structure of its ratings has continued to be debated in numerous translations. Here, we examined the psychometric properties of a Romanian translation of the SPQ and assessed associations with quality of life, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life. Methods In total, 711 university students (488 women, 223 men) from Romania completed a novel translation of the SPQ online alongside measures of quality of life, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. All participants indicated no immediate family history relating to psychosis. Results Using confirmatory factor analysis, we suggest that a 4-dimensional model of SPQ scores had better fit to these data than alternative 3- and 4-factor models. The 4-factor model also demonstrated partial measurement invariance across sex, although sex differences on domain scores were negligible (ηp2 = .01-.02). The 4 SPQ domains were significantly and negatively correlated with all additional measures of quality of life, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life. Further, in predicting scores on these additional measures, the Negative SPQ domain emerged as the strongest predictor, with Paranoid and Disorganised scores also significant predictors. Discussion Romanian SPQ scores demonstrated adequate construct and predictive validity vis-à-vis quality of life, satisfaction with life, and self-esteem. Importantly, our findings highlighted the benefit of a Paranoid factor within the SPQ dimensionality, which provides support for a 4-factor conceptualisation of SPQ scores in a hitherto neglected linguistic group.

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