scholarly journals Using Advanced Inspection Method (Three-Dimensional Ultrasonic) in Recognition of Defects in High Thickness Pipelines

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Sahebi A.R ◽  
Hosseinzadeh S ◽  
Salimasadi V
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Inspection Method

A Study on Mixing Efficiency in a Two-Channel Circular Micromixer

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-338
Author(s):  
M. Chang ◽  
Y.-H. Hu ◽  
S.-W. Chau ◽  
K.-H. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Prediction ◽  
Mixing Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Two Fluids ◽  
Finite Volume Discretization ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Image Inspection

AbstractThe mixing behavior of a two-channel micromixer with a circular mixing chamber at four different chamber depths and six different flow rates had been investigated. Experiments were implemented with the mixings of two fluids. An image inspection method using the variance of the image gray level contrast as the measurement parameter to determine the mixing efficiency distribution in these mixers. The steady, three-dimensional and laminar flow fields inside the micromixers were also simulated numerically with a finite volume discretization. Through the numerical integration over the chamber depth, the three-dimensional numerical prediction could be compressed into a two-dimensional result, which could be directly used to compare with the experimental measurements. Experimental results show that the measured mixing efficiency is raised with the increase of chamber depth. The numerical prediction of mixing efficiency agreed qualitatively with those obtained from the experimental measurements, while the ratio of the depth to diameter of the mixing chamber is big enough to eliminate the viscosity effect.

Nondestructive Imaging of Materials Microstructures Using X-Ray Tomographic Microscopy

1990 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Kinney ◽  
M.C. Nichols ◽  
U. Bonse ◽  
S.R. Stock ◽  
T.M. Breunig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Materials Processing ◽  
Dependent Data ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Dimensional Inspection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nondestructive Imaging

ABSTRACTA technique for nondestructively imaging microstructures of materials in situ, especially a technique capable of delineating the time evolution of chemical changes or damage, will greatly benefit studies of materials processing and failure. X-ray tomographic microscopy (XTM) is a high resolution, three-dimensional inspection method which is capable of imaging composite materials microstructures with a resolution of a few micrometers. Because XTM is nondestructive, it will be possible to examine materials under load or during processing, and obtain three-dimensional images of fiber positions, microcracks, and pores. This will allow direct imaging of microstructural evolution, and will provide time-dependent data for comparison to fracture mechanics and processing models.

scholarly journals A Digital Information Model Framework for UAS-Enabled Bridge Inspection

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6017
Author(s):  
Kamal Achuthan ◽  
Nick Hay ◽  
Mostafa Aliyari ◽  
Yonas Zewdu Ayele
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Information Model ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Bridge Management ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Inspection Data

Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) provide two main functions with regards to bridge inspections: (1) high-quality digital imaging to detect element defects; (2) spatial point cloud data for the reconstruction of 3D asset models. With UAS being a relatively new inspection method, there is little in the way of existing framework for storing, processing and managing the resulting inspection data. This study has proposed a novel methodology for a digital information model covering data acquisition through to a 3D GIS visualisation environment, also capable of integrating within a bridge management system (BMS). Previous efforts focusing on visualisation functionality have focused on BIM and GIS as separate entities, which has a number of problems associated with it. This methodology has a core focus on the integration of BIM and GIS, providing an effective and efficient information model, which provides vital visual context to inspectors and users of the BMS. Three-dimensional GIS visualisation allows the user to navigate through a fully interactive environment, where element level inspection information can be obtained through point-and-click operations on the 3D structural model. Two visualisation environments were created: a web-based GIS application and a desktop solution. Both environments develop a fully interactive, user-friendly model which have fulfilled the aims of coordinating and streamlining the BMS process.

The Study and Implementation of Virtual Endoscopy Based on VTK 3D Surface Rendering

2013 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Qi Lu ◽  
Cheng Li Wang ◽  
Yu Gu ◽  
Dong Zheng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Virtual Endoscopy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surface Rendering ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Camera Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Virtual Camera

Virtual Endoscopy is a new non-invasive inspection method, it gets the body's two-dimensional slice data by CT, MRI and collects volume data to generate three-dimensional model of the various organs of the body, then three-dimensional model generates visual display, glimpses the roaming function. This article imitates camera model by visualization toolkit, using flexible keyboard and mouse to control the virtual camera to roam in the trachea, having achieved the visualization of virtual endoscopy. Virtual endoscopy has broad application prospects in the realization of the virtual medical diagnostic virtual therapy and virtual teaching.

Development of a Nondestructive Inspection Method for Detecting Open Failures of Micro Bump Interconnections in Three Dimensionally Stacked LSI Chips

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Sato ◽  
Hideo Miura
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Nondestructive Inspection ◽  
Local Deformation ◽  
Local Surface ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Underfill Material

We have proposed a new nondestructive evaluation method for detecting delamination between a chip and metallic bumps by measuring local surface deformation of the chip. The magnitude of the local surface deformation was analyzed using a three-dimensional finite element analysis. The local deformation of a silicon chip between adjoining two bumps is a strong function of the magnitude of the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficient between bump material and underfill material. The amplitude of the local deformation due to the delamination of metallic bumps exceeds 200 nm easily, and it sometimes reaches 600 nm when the underfill material was assumed to be epoxy resin. To confirm that such estimated local deformation of a chip thinner than 100 μm appears in actual stacked structures, we applied a confocal scanning blue laser microscope to measure the local deformation. The measured local deformation was about 200 nm when the thickness of a chip was 100 μm, as was predicted by a finite element analysis. Therefore, it is concluded that a nondestructive inspection method for detecting open failures of bump interconnections in three-dimensional stacked structure has been established.

Study on the Inspection & Planning System for Sheet Metal Parts Based on its Three Dimensional Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 446-447 ◽  
pp. 585-589
Author(s):  
Lei Hua ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Bo Hao ◽  
Li He
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Inspection Planning ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Metal Parts ◽  
Sheet Metal Parts

Aiming at the short comings and limitations of traditional inspection method of sheet metal parts, the inspection solution based on the three dimensional model of sheet metal parts was described in this paper. According to the shape, size, accuracy requirements and so on, the system can give different inspection method. The inspection result will be achieved and the system can judge if the measured sheet metal part is qualified. The characteristics of this system are high accuracy, environmental protection and high efficiency.

A Novel Three-Dimensional Non-Contact Magnetic Stress Inspection Technology and its Application on LNG Pipeline

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxi He ◽  
Tengjiao He ◽  
Kexi Liao ◽  
Hongdong Zhu ◽  
Shuai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Metal Loss ◽  
Magnetic Memory ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Testing Technology ◽  
Relative Stress ◽  
Transmission Pipeline

Abstract On the basis of the metal-magnetic-memory (MMM) effect, a three-dimensional high-precision non-contact pipeline magnetism-based stress inspection (PMSI) technology is developed for trenchless inspection of buried pipeline defects. This technology is a new non-destructive testing technology, which can find the possible stress concentration area (SCA) along the buried gas transmission pipeline. Hence, we could further judge according to the testing data that the stress concentration is caused by the overpressure which results from whether the pipeline external load at the potential landslide of the soil or serious metal loss such as corrosion defects. The stress inspection method determines the relative risk of defects by directly quantifying the change level of stress, rather than calculating the geometric parameters (length, width, height) of defects. The PMSI was carried out on a 10.3 km LNG pipeline and two level-II SCAs were found. A comprehensive index F was defined to evaluate the severity quantitatively and judge the grade of the defect status as well as the sensitive. Thus, the relative stress and thereby the safety state of the pipeline are judged, and then the precise position of the relatively serious section on the pipeline is determined.

scholarly journals Improved Visual Inspection Through 3D Image Reconstruction of Defects Based on the Photometric Stereo Technique

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 4970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang ◽  
Xu ◽  
Li ◽  
Wu
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Photometric Stereo ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
3D Image Reconstruction ◽  
Image Pixels

. Visual inspections of nuclear power plant (NPP) reactors are important for understanding current NPP conditions. Unfortunately, the existing visual inspection methods only provide limited two-dimensional (2D) information due to a loss of depth information, which can lead to errors identifying defects. However, the high cost of developing new equipment can be avoided by using advanced data processing technology with existing equipment. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) photometric stereo (PS) reconstruction technique is introduced to recover the lost depth information in NPP images. The system uses conventional inspection equipment, equipped with a camera and four light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The 3D data of the object surface are obtained by capturing images under multiple light sources oriented in different directions. The proposed method estimates the light directions and intensities for various image pixels in order to reduce the limitation of light calibration, which results in improved performance. This novel technique is employed to test specimens with various defects under laboratory conditions, revealing promising results. This study provides a new visual inspection method for NPP reactors.

Vertical track irregularity analysis of high-speed railways on simply-supported beam bridges based on the virtual track inspection method

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440972092457
Author(s):  
Tianci Gao ◽  
Jianli Cong ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Jianxing Liu ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Simply Supported Beam ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Track Geometry ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Track Irregularities

Understanding the relationship between the static and dynamic track geometry irregularities is crucial for the proper maintenance of rail infrastructures and the reduction of on-site workload. This paper focuses on the analysis of the dynamic and static track irregularities on simply-supported beam bridges for high-speed railways. Based on the simulation of three-dimensional vehicle–track–bridge dynamics, a virtual track inspection method is proposed according to the measurement principle with the inertial reference. With the static irregularity provided as the initial input to the simulation model, the virtual track inspection of dynamic track irregularities is carried out considering different supporting structures, i.e. subgrade and bridges. Furthermore, the characteristics and advantages of the proposed model are investigated in the “rigid track structure”. Then, using the virtual track inspection method, this paper analyzes the relationship between the dynamic and static track irregularities (in the vertical direction) on the simply-supported beam bridge in both the time and frequency domains with respect to different train speeds, and the simulation results are validated by real-world measurements. Numerical results show that the stiffness irregularity in the vertical direction is periodical, with the cycle length equal to the span of the bridge. Furthermore, there is an obvious linear relationship between the dynamic and static irregularities. Also, the regression coefficient increases with increasing vehicle speed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document