scholarly journals Investigation of In-Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Tylophora Indica Leaves Against Haemonchus Contortus

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhadde Gurunath S ◽  
◽  
Mali Hanmant S ◽  
Sapate Rohit B ◽  
Vakhariya Rohan R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Tylophora Indica ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

In current study of natural antiparasiticin-vitroanthelmintic activity of methanolic extracts of Tylophoraindica leaves against Haemonchus contortusconducted. This study was conducted by preparing the plant extract in methanol by using maceration process. This methanolic extract of Tylophoraindica exhibited greater anthelminthic activity, thismethanolic extract resulted 100% mortality after 6 hours exposure at 50 mg/ml of concentration, the 90% of mortality shows after 6 hours exposure at the concentration of 25 mg/ml and 80% of mortality shows after exposure 6 hours at 12.5 mg/ml concentration. In the presence of albendazole (used as a reference standard drug)100 percent of worm mortality observed within 4 hours. After Post-exposureworm mortality was not found in phosphate buffer solution. Leading to the nature of phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids etc., the extract shows greater worm mortality operation.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Crude Extracts of Aerial Parts of Cissus quadrangularis L. and Leaves of Schinus molle L. against Haemonchus contortus

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selamawit Zenebe ◽  
Teka Feyera ◽  
Solomon Assefa
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Cissus Quadrangularis

Background. Haemonchus contortus, the causative agent of Haemonchosis, is the most economically important parasite in small ruminant production. Control with chemotherapy has not been successful due to rapid emergence of drug-resistant strains. There is a continuous search for alternative leads particularly from plants. The study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of crude methanolic extracts of leaves of Schinus molle and aerial parts of Cissus quadrangularis against H. contortus. Methods. Adult motility test and egg hatching inhibition assay were employed to investigate the in vitro adulticidal and egg hatching inhibitory effects of the extracts. Results. Higher concentrations of the extracts (10 and 5 mg/ml) had a significantly superior adulticidal activity (p<0.05) compared to the negative control and lower concentration levels, which was comparable to albendazole. Similarly, the relative egg hatch inhibition efficacy of S. molle and C. quadrangularis extracts indicated a maximum of 96% and 88% egg hatch inhibition, respectively, within the 48 hrs of exposure at 1 mg/ml. Conclusion. The current study evidenced that the crude methanolic extracts of the plants have promising adulticidal and egg hatching inhibitory effects against H. contortus.

scholarly journals Anthelmintic and Cytotoxic Activities of Two Medicinal Plants: Polygonum viscosum and Aphanamixis polystachya Growing in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Amin ◽  
M. S. Majumder ◽  
M. M. R. Moghal ◽  
S. Banik ◽  
A. Kar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Dose Dependent

The present study was designed to investigate in vitro anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of crude methanolic extract of two plants(Polygonum viscosum and Aphanamixis polystachya) grown in Bangladesh. Evaluation of cytotoxic activity was done using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The crude methanolic extract of Polygonum viscosum showed significant cytotoxic potential (LC50 value of 6.34 ?g/ml) among all the fractions comparing with that of standard vincristine sulphate (0.825 ?g/ml). Besides, the LC50 values of crude methanolic extract, pet ether and chloroform extracts of Aphanamixis polystachya showed good cytotoxic activities 11, 10.36, and 16.45 µg/ml, respectively. The other study was undertaken to evaluate anthelmintic activity (using Pheretima posthuma model) where piperazine was used as reference standard. The crude methanolic extract of Polygonum viscosum leaves produced a significant anthelmintic activity in dose dependent manner and the activity of crude extract was comparable with that of standard drugs. Besides, the Aphanamixis polystachya extract revealed moderate anthelmintic activity. Here, the anova testing was done with the P < 0.05. Further studies are suggested to determine the active compounds responsible for the anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of these two plant extracts.   Keywords: Anthelmintic; Cytotoxic; Medicinal plant; Aphanamixis polystachya; Polygonum viscosu.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.17299 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 339-345 (2014) 

In-vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Leaves of Cleome Rutidosperma DC. (Capparidaceae) Against Haemonchus Contortus

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
Md. Shahed-Al-Mahmud ◽  
Hasib Al Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Cleome Rutidosperma

Background: Cleome rutidosperma is annual herb found in different places in Bangladesh. Its leaves used as the treatment for Helminthiasis associated with Haemonchus contortus. This parasite is one of the most pathogenic nematodes and responsible for anemia, edema, and death of cattle’s, mainly during summer in warm, humid climates as like Bangladesh. The aim of the study to investigate the in-vitro anthelmintic activity of aqueous extract C. rutidosperma (AECR) leaves against H. contortus. Methods: We performed phytochemical analysis and in-vitro anthelmintic assay to determine the possible phytochemicals, caused by anthelmintic activity against H. contortus. Results: In-vitro anthelmintic assay, the AECR at the doses of 25; 50 and 100mg/mL significantly (p< 0.01) and (p< 0.001) paralyzed and caused the death of H. contortus in a dose-dependent manner. Reference standard drug Albendazole (15 mg/mL) exerts almost same effect as AECR. No paralyzed and death observed at the control group when treated with 0.9% normal saline. Conclusion: This data confirmed that the aqueous extract C. rutidosperma has the in-vitro anthelmintic activity of against H. contortus. C. rutidosperma may offer an alternative source for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle’s.

scholarly journals Effects of different extracts of three Annona species on egg-hatching processes of Haemonchus contortus

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Castañeda-Ramírez ◽  
J.F.J. Torres-Acosta ◽  
P. Mendoza-de-Gives ◽  
J. Tun-Garrido ◽  
J.A. Rosado-Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ovicidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Morula Stage

Abstract This study assessed the in vitro anthelmintic (AH) activity of methanol and acetone:water leaf extracts from Annona squamosa, A. muricata and A. reticulata against Haemonchus contortus eggs. The egg hatch test was used to determine the effective concentrations required to inhibit 50% of eggs hatching (EC50). The role of polyphenols on AH activity was measured through bioassays with and without polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP). Methanolic extracts mainly caused the death of eggs at the morula stage (ovicidal activity). Meanwhile, acetone:water extracts caused egg-hatching failure of developed larvae (larvae failing eclosion (LFE) activity). The lowest EC50 values against H. contortus eggs were observed for the methanolic extracts from A. reticulata and A. muricata (274.2 and 382.9 µg/ml, respectively). From the six extracts evaluated, the methanolic extracts of A. muricata, A. reticulata and A. squamosa showed the highest ovicidal activity, resulting in 98.9%, 92.8% and 95.1% egg mortality, respectively. When the methanolic extract of A. squamosa was incubated with PVPP, its AH activity increased. Similarly, when acetone:water extracts of A. muriata and A. reticulata were incubated with PVPP, their LFE activity increased. Alkaloids were only evident in methanolic extracts, irrespective of PVPP incubation. The presence of acetogenins was not observed. In conclusion, methanolic extracts obtained from leaves of A. muricata, A. reticulata and A. squamosa showed ovicidal activity affecting the morula of H. contortus eggs, with minor LFE activity. Meanwhile, acetone:water extracts showed mostly LFE activity, with a lower proportion of ovicidal activity.

Polyamidoamine dendrimer and dextran conjugates: preparation, characterization, and in vitro and in vivo evaluation

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhat Shrivastava ◽  
Royana Singh ◽  
Sushant Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Pamam Dendrimer ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Dextran 40

AbstractAmide and ester conjugates of aceclofenac with polyamidoamine (PAMAM-G0) dendrimer zero generation and dextran (40 kDa) polymeric carrier, respectively, are presented. The prepared conjugates were characterized by UV, TLC, HPLC, IR, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The average degrees of substitution of amide and ester conjugates were determined and found to be (12.5 ± 0.24) % and (7.5 ± 0.25) %, respectively. The in vitro hydrolysis studies showed that dextran ester conjugate hydrolyzed faster in a phosphate buffer solution of pH 9.0 as compared to PAMAM dendrimer G0 amide conjugate, and followed the first order kinetics. No amount of the drug was regenerated at pH 1.2 in simulated gastric fluid. The dextran conjugate showed short half-life as compared to the PAMAM dendrimer conjugate. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the dendrimer conjugate were found to be similar to those of the standard drug. Results of chronic ulceroginic activity showed deep ulceration and high ulcer index for aceclofenac, whereas lower ulcer index was found for the PAMAM dendrimer and dextran (40 kDa) conjugates. Experimental data suggest that PAMAM dendrimer and dextran (40 kDa) can be used as carriers for the sustained delivery of aceclofenac along with a remarkable reduction in gastrointestinal toxicity.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Methanolic Extract ofEuphorbia retusain Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jazia Sdayria ◽  
Ilhem Rjeibi ◽  
Anouar Feriani ◽  
Sana Ncib ◽  
Wided Bouguerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Plants provide an alternative source to manage different human disorders due to various metabolites. The aim of this study is to investigate the phytochemical constituents of the methanolic extracts ofEuphorbia retusaand to evaluate their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. The phytochemical results obtained by HPLC and by chemical assay reactions have revealed the richness of the methanolic extract ofE. retusain active compounds, in particular polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. The methanolic extract shows significant antioxidant activitiesin vitro, in the DPPH and the FRAP assays. The antinociceptive activity was evaluated using acetic acid and hot-plate models of pain in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced paw edema. Oral pretreatment with the methanolic extract ofE. retusa(200 mg/kg) exhibited a significant inhibition of pain induced either by acetic acid or by the heating plate and in a manner comparable to the standard drug paracetamol.E. retusasignificantly reduced paw edema starting from the 3rd hour after carrageenan administration by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) in liver and paw tissues and decreasing the levels of MDA. These results may confirm the interesting potential of this plant as a treatment of various inflammatory and pain diseases.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Methanolic Extract from Caesalpinia coriaria J. Willd Fruits against Haemonchus contortus Eggs and Infective Larvae

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. De Jesús-Martínez ◽  
A. Olmedo-Juárez ◽  
J. Olivares-Pérez ◽  
A. Zamilpa ◽  
P. Mendoza de Gives ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Infective Larvae

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro lethal effect of a methanolic extract (ME) from Caesalpinia coriaria fruits against Haemonchus contortus eggs and infective larvae. The anthelmintic activity was assessed using the egg hatching inhibition assay (EHI) and the mortality test. The ME was assessed using five concentrations as follows: 6.15, 3.12, 1.56, and 0.78 mg/mL to eggs and 150, 100, 75, and 50 mg/mL to larvae, respectively. Ivermectin (5 mg/mL) was used as positive control and 4% methanol and distilled water were used as negative controls. The data of ovicidal and larvicidal effect were analyzed with a completely randomized design through ANOVA analysis using the general linear model (GLM) and lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) were estimated through a Probit analysis using the SAS program. A clear ME increased concentration dependence effect was observed in the EHI and mortality tests. The highest activity of the methanolic extract was observed at the highest concentration (P < 0.05) to obtain a similar effect to the positive control (ivermectin), with LC50 = 78.38 and 0.00064 mg/mL and LC90 =235.63 and 0.024 mg/mL, respectively, for larvae and eggs. The results indicate that the C. coriaria fruit ME possesses in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal properties (gallotannins: methyl gallate) against H. contortus that needs to be investigated more in vivo for the control of gastroenteric nematodes in ruminants.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF CITRUS RETICULATA: IN VITRO AND ITS PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Arjan Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Vitro Model

Background: The prevalence of worm infestation is high in under developed and developing countries due to poor sanitation and lack of health education. Citrus reticulata, fruit belonging to citrus family rutaceae is a common fruit native to Asia. Peels of the fruit is rich in limonene, a potent phytoconstituent having anthelmintic activity. However, proper utilization of peels has not been done as it is not consumed and is therefore discarded.Objective: To explore various phytoconstituents present in Citrus reticulata and its anthelmintic effect.Method: Various concentration of Methanolic extract and Volatile oil of Citrus reticulata were subjected for assessment of anthelmintic activity in earthworms. Time of paralysis and time of death were used as an evaluation parameter. Albendazole (25 mg/ml) was used as a standard drug. Results: Phytochemical test revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids and glycosides. Concentration dependent anthelmintic effect was observed with the extract where 150 mg/ml concentration of methanolic extract showed paralysis of test worm (earthworm) at 5.76 min and death at 19.16 min respectively.Conclusion: Citrus reticulata peel has shown substantial anthelmintic activity using in vitro model on earthworms. Hence, further research is required to understand its mechanism of action using in vivo models to confirm its anthelmintic potential.

scholarly journals Anthelmintic activity of Tunisian chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) against Haemonchus contortus

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hajaji ◽  
D. Alimi ◽  
M.A. Jabri ◽  
S. Abuseir ◽  
M. Gharbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Matricaria Recutita ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Anti Oxidant

AbstractThe chemical treatment of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases has been undermined by increasing resistance and high toxicity. There is an urgent need to search for alternative natural sources for the treatment of such parasites. In this respect, the present study aims to quantify phenolic compounds of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) and to study their in vitro anti-oxidant and anthelmintic activities in solvents with increasing polarity. In vitro determination of anti-oxidant capacity was carried out using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation methods. In vitro anthelmintic activity was investigated on egg-hatching inhibition and loss of motility of adult worms of Haemonchus contortus from sheep. The results showed that methanolic and aqueous extracts contain more total polyphenols, total flavonoids and condensed tannins than chloroformic and hexanic extracts. ABTS and DPPH assays showed that methanolic extracts had the highest anti-oxidant potency (IC50 = 1.19 μg/ml and 1.18 μg/ml, respectively). In vitro anthelmintic activity showed that both methanolic (IC50 = 1.559 mg/ml) and aqueous (IC50 = 2.559 mg/ml) extracts had the greatest effect on egg hatching and motility of worms (100% after 8 h post exposure at 8 mg/ml). A significant and positive correlation between DPPH and ABTS tests was observed for all tested extracts. Therefore, total phenolic, total flavonoid and condensed tannin values were correlated with IC50 from both ABTS and DPPH, and with inhibition of egg hatching. To our knowledge, this report is the first of its kind to deal with in vitro anthelmintic activities of chamomile extracts.

scholarly journals Effect of six tropical tanniferous plant extracts on larval exsheathment of Haemonchus contortus

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Mayana Beserra de Oliveira ◽  
Claudia Maria Leal Bevilaqua ◽  
Iara Tersia Freitas Macedo ◽  
Selene Maia de Morais ◽  
Maria Vivina Barros Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Toxicological Studies

Tanniferous plants represent a promising alternative for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants. This experiment evaluated the effects of extracts from the leaf and stem of Anadenanthera colubrina, Leucaena leucocephala and Mimosa tenuiflora on larval exsheathment of Haemonchus contortus in vitro and verified the role of tannins in this process. Third-stage larvae of H. contortus were incubated with extracts for 3 hours and were exposed to sodium hypochlorite solution. The extracts were tested at 300 µg.mL-1 and accompanied by controls: phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and polyvinyl polypyrrolidone (PVPP). The larval exsheathment was evaluated for 60 minutes, and the results were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05). The six extracts blocked larval exsheathment. After PVPP addition, a tannin inhibitor, the exsheathment percentage was similar to the PBS (p > 0.05), except for L. leucocephala and M. tenuiflora leaf extracts. However, pre-incubation with PVPP of these two extracts significantly changed larval exsheathment when compared to the non-treated extracts (p < 0.05). These results suggest that A. colubrina, L. leucocephala and M. tenuiflora could be useful in gastrointestinal nematode control and that tannins are probably the main compounds involved in the observed effects. However, in vivo and toxicological studies should be conducted.

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