scholarly journals A Case Report of Silicosis: Culprit of Progressive Massive Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Shu Ann Hon ◽  
Lian Thai Lee ◽  
Qin Jian Low
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Pulmonary Function Testing ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Silica Dust ◽  
The Past ◽  
Function Testing ◽  
Progressive Massive Fibrosis

Silicosis is a fibronodular lung disease secondary to the inhalation of crystalline silica dust. It had continued to cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Here is a case of a 63-year-old woman, a lifelong non-smoker who complained of intermittent wheezing since retired 8 years ago. She had worked in the clay and piping industry for more than a decade. She wore only a simple 3-ply face mask at work without other protective devices. She had multiple hospital admissions for acute exacerbation of chronic lung disease for the past several years. Respiratory examinations revealed bilateral fine crepitations and occasional rhonchi on auscultation. Chest radiograph revealed ground glass changes. Pulmonary function testing showed an irreversible severe obstruction picture with an FEV1 of 45%. High resolution computed tomography thorax demonstrated hyperinflated lungs with emphysematous changes and multiple nodules over subpleural region, conglomerate mass with calcifications over bilateral lungs. Her imaging findings combined with a significant occupational history were suggestive of progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) due to silicosis. She is currently being treated with several inhalers and does not require home oxygen therapy. She is suffering from accelerated silicosis which may potentially progress to radiological deterioration, altered respiratory function and premature death. Therefore, it is essential to avoid any potential hazards that may predispose to silicosis.

scholarly journals Interstitial Lung Disease and Anti-Myeloperoxidase Antibodies: Not a Simple Association

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2548
Author(s):  
Marco Sebastiani ◽  
Fabrizio Luppi ◽  
Gianluca Sambataro ◽  
Diego Castillo Villegas ◽  
Stefania Cerri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Usual Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Function Testing ◽  
And Diffusion

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), mainly anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) antibodies, have been frequently identified in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, their role remains unclear, and only 7–23% of these patients develops clinically overt vasculitis. We aimed to investigate the clinical, serological, and radiological features and prognosis of anti-MPO-positive interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. Fifty-eight consecutive patients firstly referred for idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and showing serological positivity of anti-MPO antibodies were retrospectively enrolled. For each patient, clinical data, lung function testing, chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) pattern, and survival were recorded. Thirteen patients developed a rheumatic disease during a median follow-up of 39 months. Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) was the most frequent ILD pattern, significantly influencing the patients’ survival. In fact, while the 52-week survival of the overall population was 71.4 ± 7.5%, significantly higher than IPF, survivals of anti-MPO patients with UIP pattern and IPF were similar. Forced vital capacity and diffusion lung capacity for CO significantly declined in 37.7 and 41.5% of cases, respectively, while disease progression at chest HRCT was observed in 45.2%. A careful clinical history and evaluation should always be performed in ILD patients with anti-MPO antibodies to quickly identify patients who are developing a systemic rheumatic disease.

Lung Function and High Resolution Computed Tomography in Sickle Cell Disease.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 3182-3182
Author(s):  
Karl P. Sylvester ◽  
Sujal R. Desai ◽  
Athol U. Wells ◽  
David M. Hansell ◽  
Moji Awogbade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Lung Function Testing ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Reticular Pattern ◽  
Function Testing

Abstract Adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) may develop sickle chronic lung disease which appears to be a complication of chronic hemolysis and repeated episodes of pulmonary vaso-occlusion. Pulmonary function tests have usually been used to document the severity of lung disease in SCD, but some patients cannot successfully undertake such examinations. Recently, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been shown to be of value in the evaluation of patients with diffuse lung diseases. Assessment of lung disease in SCD by HRCT, however, has not been fully explored. The study sets out to investigate the relationship of any pulmonary function abnormalities in adults with SCD to a non-invasive measure of hemolysis and findings on HRCT. The study population consisted of 33 Hb SS subjects (12 males) with a median age of 36 (range 17–67) years, median height of 167 (range 53–188) cm, and median weight of 69 (range 52–92) kg. Pulmonary function was assessed by measurements of lung volumes, spirometry, gas transfer and oxygen saturation, and hemolysis by measurement of end-tidal carbon monoxide (ETCO). The degree of a lobar volume loss and ground glass opacification and prominence of central vessels on HRCT were quantitatively assessed. There was a wide variation in the lung function of the cohort. Nine patients had a restrictive lung function abnormality, five an obstructive abnormality and four a mixed restrictive/obstructive abnormality. Twenty-seven of the patients completed assessment of ETCO levels. ETCO levels correlated positively with bilirubin levels (rs=0.66, p=0.0002) and the absolute reticulocyte count (rs=0.70, p=0.0002), and negatively with hemoglobin (rs=−0.51, p=0.008). ETCO levels negatively correlated with FEV1 (p=0.006), VCpleth (p=0.006), sGaw (p=0.04) and SpO2 (p=0.007). A reticular pattern, lobar volume loss and prominent central vessels were the three most common abnormalities on HRCT. FEV1 (p<0.05), FVC (p<0.005) and TLC (p=0.008) correlated with HRCT findings, particularly lobar volume loss. Lobar volume loss, prominent central vessels and a reticular pattern/ground glass opacification were all present on HRCT in 12 of 18 subjects with a restrictive, obstructive or mixed defect. Our results suggest that non-invasive assessment of hemolysis and/or HRCT examination might facilitate identification of SCD patients with respiratory function impairment. More of the patients had abnormalities on HRCT than on lung function testing, which suggests that HRCT is a more sensitive detector of respiratory abnormalities than lung function testing. This hypothesis merits testing by serially assessing SCD patients to determine if those with only HRCT abnormalities subsequently develop lung function abnormalities.

Early prediction of chronic lung disease by pulmonary function testing

1983 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Goldman ◽  
Tilo Gerhardt ◽  
Rajeswari Sonni ◽  
Rosalyn Feller ◽  
Dorothy Hehre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function Testing ◽  
Early Prediction ◽  
Function Testing
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