scholarly journals DIVERSIDADE DE VERTEBRADOS TERRETRES DA RESERVA EXTRATIVISTA RIO IRIRI, PA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reysane De Alencar Sousa ◽  
Juarez Carlos De Brito Pezzuti
Keyword(s):  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Podocnemis Unifilis ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris

Os vertebrados terrestres possuem alta diversidade morfológica, comportamental e de hábitos, que refletem ampla diferenciação de papéis ecológicos no ambiente. Na Amazônia as lacunas no conhecimento científico deste grupo ocorrem principalmente pela dificuldade da realização de estudos mais completos durante curtos períodos e recursos financeiros limitados. Para minimizar estes problemas, métodos indiretos de estudá-los têm sido utilizados como alternativa aos métodos tradicionais. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as espécies de vertebrados de médio e grande porte da Reserva Extrativista Rio Iriri, Pa. Os vertebrados foram registrados através de rastros e vestígios e do censo visual ao longo das margens e das praias do Rio Iriri. Os dados foram coletados diariamente, no período de agosto a setembro de 2017, seguindo a metodologia por transecção linear nas margens dos rios. Os transectos tiveram 4km de extensão, com distância mínima de 4km entre eles. Estes foram percorridos entre os horários das 06:00 às 12:00 e 14:00 as 15:00, de canoa, a remo e a pé. As praias foram escolhidas de forma aleatória. O esforço amostral consistiu em 15 transectos e 84 praias totalizando 53,95 km de praias percorridos por seis duplas de pesquisadores no período de 30 dias. Para a identificação dos rastros e vestígio foi utilizado o conhecimento ecológico local (CEL) de caçadores experientes. O registro de pegadas de rastros e vestígios e o censo visual foram eficientes na amostragem de vertebrados terrestres. Ao todo foram contabilizados 1409 registros de vertebrados, distribuídos em 31 espécies. A fauna de vertebrados é composta por organismos pertencentes às Aves (43,75%), Mammalia (40,62%) e Reptilia (15,62%). As espécies que tiveram maior número de registros foram: Podocnemis unifilis (335), Leopardus Spp. (215), Panthera onca (163), Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (157). Considera-se que a manutenção da diversidade observada na área é decorrente ao seu mosaico de ambientes que proporcionam uma maior variedade e diversidade de recursos, como abrigo e alimento, possibilitando inclusive a presença de especialistas de habitat.

scholarly journals Avaliação da predação de Podocnemis expansa e Podocnemis unifilis (Testudines, Podocnemididae) no rio Javaés, Tocantins

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Salera Junior ◽  
Adriana Malvasio ◽  
Thiago Costa Gonçalves Portelinha
Keyword(s):  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Cathartes Aura ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Podocnemis Unifilis ◽  
Podocnemis Expansa ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous

Podocnemis expansa e P. unifilis são animais de vida longa, com uma demorada maturação sexual, o que influencia uma baixa taxa de substituição de indivíduos. Suas populações são caracterizadas por uma pequena mortalidade dos animais adultos, mas alta taxa de mortalidade de filhotes e embriões. Sendo a predação natural de ninhos e filhotes um dos fatores mais importantes do baixo sucesso de eclosão dessas espécies. No rio Javaés, os ovos e recém-eclodidos podem ser predados por uma grande diversidade de animais: dentre as aves, urubus (Coragyps atratus e Cathartes aura), carcará (Polyborus plancus), jaburu (Jabiru mycteria); lagartos (Tupinambis teguixin) e mamíferos de pequeno porte, coati (Nasua nasua) e cachorro-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous). Do total anual de desovas de P. unifilis em média 65,98% são predadas, sendo 41,68% de forma total e 24,30% parcialmente. Enquanto que apenas 5,31% das ninhadas de P. expansa são sempre parcialmente predadas. Dentre os predadores aquáticos existem diversos peixes, principalmente piranhas (Serrasalmus nattereri) e jacarés (Melanosuchus niger e Caimam crocodilus). Os predadores das fêmeas de P. unifilis são: jacaré-açu (Melanosuchus niger), onça-pintada (Panthera onca) e onça-parda (Puma concolor). Enquanto que as fêmeas de P. expansa em postura, somente são predadas por P. onca. As fêmeas de P. unifilis em postura são predadas num total médio de 3,93% anualmente, enquanto que para P. expansa a média anual é 5,66% das fêmeas.

Acute Cecal Tympany During Chemical Restraint in Free-Ranging Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) - Iatrogenic Cause and Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Derek Rosenfield ◽  
Mario Ferraro ◽  
Priscila Yanai ◽  
Claudia Igayara ◽  
Cristiane Pizzutto
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Restraint ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽  
Free Ranging

PERÍODO DE DESOVA E SUCESSO REPRODUTIVO DO TRACAJÁ Podocnemis unifilis TROSCHEL 1848 (TESTUDINES: PODOCNEMIDIDAE) NA VÁRZEA DA RDSM – MÉDIO SOLIMÕES, BRASIL

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
Augusto Fachín Terán ◽  
Eduardo Matheus Von Mülhen
Keyword(s):  
Hatching Success ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Nesting Biology ◽  
Sand Beach ◽  
Podocnemis Unifilis ◽  
Turtle Population ◽  
Nesting Beaches ◽  
Conservation And Management ◽  
Tegu Lizard ◽  
Solimões River

In this study the nesting biology of Podocnem is unifilis was investigated from July to November 1998 at the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, located in the Solimões river, near Tefé, Amazonas, Brazil. Podocnemis unifilis nested in August and September, with the hatching event occurring in October and November. Nests were excavated in clay soils (67.5%), sand (25%), and leaf litter (7.5%). Hatching success was highest in the sand beach nests and lowest in the clay banks nests. Humans and the tegu lizard (Tupinambis) were the main egg predators. This turtle population can recover only by the protection of nesting beaches, educational programs for the in habitants of the Reserve, participation of the community in the conservation and management program , and permanent guarding of the nesting beaches by Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e Dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis-IBAMA authorities.

scholarly journals A systematic review of potential habitat suitability for the jaguar Panthera onca in central Arizona and New Mexico, USA

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Eric W. Sanderson ◽  
Kim Fisher ◽  
Rob Peters ◽  
Jon P. Beckmann ◽  
Bryan Bird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Potential Habitat ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Conservation Plan

Abstract In April 2019, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) released its recovery plan for the jaguar Panthera onca after several decades of discussion, litigation and controversy about the status of the species in the USA. The USFWS estimated that potential habitat, south of the Interstate-10 highway in Arizona and New Mexico, had a carrying capacity of c. six jaguars, and so focused its recovery programme on areas south of the USA–Mexico border. Here we present a systematic review of the modelling and assessment efforts over the last 25 years, with a focus on areas north of Interstate-10 in Arizona and New Mexico, outside the recovery unit considered by the USFWS. Despite differences in data inputs, methods, and analytical extent, the nine previous studies found support for potential suitable jaguar habitat in the central mountain ranges of Arizona and New Mexico. Applying slightly modified versions of the USFWS model and recalculating an Arizona-focused model over both states provided additional confirmation. Extending the area of consideration also substantially raised the carrying capacity of habitats in Arizona and New Mexico, from six to 90 or 151 adult jaguars, using the modified USFWS models. This review demonstrates the crucial ways in which choosing the extent of analysis influences the conclusions of a conservation plan. More importantly, it opens a new opportunity for jaguar conservation in North America that could help address threats from habitat losses, climate change and border infrastructure.

Furuncular Myiasis by Dermatobia hominis (Diptera: Oestridae) in Wild Jaguars in the Amazon Rainforest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Mickael Mota Soares ◽  
Luana Machado Barros ◽  
Daniela Aparecida Savariz Bôlla ◽  
Marlus Queiroz Almeida ◽  
Diego da Costa Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
First Record ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Dermatobia Hominis ◽  
Furuncular Myiasis

Abstract Two individuals of the jaguar, Panthera onca (L.), were captured near the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, Brazilian Amazon, during the years of 2017 and 2018. The jaguars presented furuncular myiasis caused by the human botfly Dermatobia hominis (L.) on the rear thighs and tail. This is the first record of infestation of D. hominis in P. onca in the Amazon region.

scholarly journals Trichuris spp. in Animals, with Specific Reference to Neo-Tropical Rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Kegan Romelle Jones
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
A New Species

Trichuriasis is the clinical disease of animals infected with the parasite of the genus Trichuris. This review attempts to present information on Trichuris spp. infestation in neo-tropical rodents that are utilized for meat consumption by humans. Neo-tropical rodents utilized for meat production can be divided into two categories: those that have been domesticated, which include the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus), and those that are on the verge of domestication, such as the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), lappe (Cuniculus paca/Agouti paca), and agouti (Dasyprocta leporina). This document reviews the literature on the species of Trichuris that affects the rodents mentioned above, as well as the clinical signs observed. The literature obtained spans over sixty years, from 1951 to 2020. Trichuris spp. was found in these neo-tropical rodents mentioned. However, there is a dearth of information on the species of Trichuris that parasitize these animals. The capybara was the only rodent where some molecular techniques were used to identify a new species named T. cutillasae. In most cases, Trichuris spp. was found in combination with other endoparasites, and was found at a low prevalence in the lappe and guinea pig. The presence of Trichuris spp. ranged from 4.62–53.85% in the agouti, 4.21–10.00% in the lappe, 50% in the capybaras, and 1–31% in guinea pigs. Further work must be done towards molecular identification of various Trichuris spp. present in these rodents, as well as the clinical effect of infection on the performance of agouti, lappe, capybara, and guinea pigs.

Jaguar (Panthera onca) density in the Sierra Madre del Sur; the last wilderness area in the central-western slope in Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Juan F. Charre-Medellín ◽  
Tiberio C. Monterrubio-Rico ◽  
Pelayo Acevedo ◽  
Esmar O. Guzmán-Díaz ◽  
José Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Western Slope ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Wilderness Area ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

scholarly journals Characterization and manipulation of reproductive cycles in the jaguar (Panthera onca)

2016 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena A. Barnes ◽  
J. Andrew Teare ◽  
Sheryl Staaden ◽  
Lara Metrione ◽  
Linda M. Penfold
Keyword(s):  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Reproductive Cycles

scholarly journals Is urban bushmeat trade in Colombia really insignificant?

Oryx ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie van Vliet ◽  
Maria Quiceno ◽  
Jessica Moreno ◽  
Daniel Cruz ◽  
John E. Fa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽  
Wild Meat ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Bushmeat Trade ◽  
Brocket Deer

AbstractThe bushmeat trade in ecosystems in South America other than those within the Amazon basin is presumed to be insignificant, as alternative sources of protein (e.g. beef, chicken, fish) are considered to be more readily available in non-moist forests. However, studies and confiscation reports from countries such as Colombia suggest that bushmeat is consumed in a variety of ecosystems, although the nature of market chains, particularly in urban areas, is still unknown. We studied the urban bushmeat trade in markets in the five main ecoregions in Colombia. We recorded a total of 85 species, the most frequently traded being the paca Cuniculus paca, red brocket deer Mazama americana, grey brocket deer Mazama gouazoubira, capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, armadillo Dasypus spp. and black agouti Dasyprocta fuliginosa. Most sales of wild meat occur through clandestine channels and involve a limited number of stakeholders. Bushmeat is a luxury product in urban areas of the Caribbean, the Pacific and the Andean regions. Further work is needed to quantify and monitor the volumes of bushmeat traded, comprehend motivations, explore ways of reducing threats, and engage with stakeholders to organize legal and sustainable use of bushmeat.

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