scholarly journals From subject-effect to presence-effect: A deictic approach to the cinematic

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-267
Author(s):  
Pepita Hesselberth
Keyword(s):  
Subject Effect

CONFORMITY IN THE ASCH EXPERIMENT: INNER-OTHER DIRECTEDNESS AND THE “DEFIANT SUBJECT

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore A. Lamb ◽  
Majeed Alsikafi
Keyword(s):  
Personality Types ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Partial Explanation ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Subject Effect

McCarthyism of the 1950s was proposed by Larsen (1974) as an explanation for Asch's (1956) high rates of conformity. Larsen discovered low rates of conformity in his research. Riesman et al. (1950) would argue that conformity rates should be increasing rather than decreasing because of a growing predominance of “other-directed” personality types in modern societies, in addition, contamination of Ss could be produced by familiarization with Asch's widely known techniques and results. A replication of Asch's classic conformity experiment was conducted to examine three hypotheses: (1) the more other-directed, the greater the tendency to conform; (2) conformity rates in studies today will be higher than those in previous studies; (3) Ss familiar with the nature of the experiment from previous experience should conform more than Ss unfamiliar with the experiment. Hypotheses 1 and 2 were supported (p <0.001). Hypothesis 3 was not supported. The “defiant subject effect” is proposed as a possible reason for the lack of significance of hypothesis 3 and a partial explanation for Larsen's (1974) findings.

scholarly journals Possible Perception Bias in the Thermal Evaluation of Evaporation Cooling with a Misting Fan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-205
Author(s):  
Craig Farnham ◽  
Jihui Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Perception Bias ◽  
Mist Cooling ◽  
Hot Environments ◽  
Subject Effect ◽  
Evaporation Cooling

Mist evaporation cooling (MEC) is increasingly used as a low-energy means to improve thermal comfort in hot environments. However, the thermal sensation votes (TSV) often overshoot values of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) models. Evaluations of MEC may be affected by an expectation that mist feels cool or the “good subject” effect. Here, subjects are exposed to a misting fan and an identical fan without mist and asked which fan feels cooler. Unknown to the subjects, the misting fan has almost no cooling effect (about 0.4 K reduction in air temperature) and a hidden heater increased the temperature of the misting fan air flow, making it up to 1.6 K warmer than the fan without mist. Supplemental experiments told the subjects about the heater. Surveys of over 300 subjects when varying this misted air temperature showed a bias above random chance that people vote that a misting fan airflow was cooler, even when it was the same temperature or slightly warmer than the non-misting fan. It is possible that the expectation of cooling or good subject effect influences evaluations of mist. This effect should be considered in thermal comfort evaluations of mist cooling and in the deployment of MEC systems.

scholarly journals Randomized Controlled Trial of Postoperative Sensitivity with Warm and Room Temperature Composite

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-303
Author(s):  
I. Campbell ◽  
J. Kang ◽  
T.P. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Postoperative Sensitivity ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Subject Effect

Physical properties of composite improve when it is preheated prior to polymerization. However, postoperative sensitivity may be considered a potential complication. A review of the literature revealed no reported randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of postoperative sensitivity when using preheated composite resin. The objective of the study was to determine if preheating composite leads to changes in postoperative sensitivity in a parallel RCT. In total, 120 eligible, consenting adults were recruited in private dental practice and randomized into 2 groups of 60 patients. One group had room temperature composite restorations placed and the second had composite preheated to 39°C. The primary outcome was sensitivity after 24 h by the visual analog scale (VAS), recorded blind by patients. Secondary outcomes were VAS scores recorded over a month. Blind statistical analysis used the Mann-Whitney U test to compare the 24-h VAS score between groups and repeated-measures analysis of variance to assess the change over time. Potential confounders were tested using regression models. A total of 115 patients completed the trial: 57 in the heated composite group and 58 in the room temperature group. Analysis of 24-h VAS scores found no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups ( P = 0.162). Examining the potential confounders confirmed the nonsignificant difference between heated and room temperature groups on the 24-h VAS score, after controlling teeth type and preoperative pulp test (effect size = 0.173, P = 0.317). Analysis of the secondary outcomes found significant changes (within-subject effect) in VAS scores over the review period ( F statistic = 4.7, P = 0.002) but not a significant (between-subject effect) difference between heated and room temperature groups over time (effect size = 0.102, P = 0.197). There was a significant correlation between preoperative VAS score and postoperative VAS score ( P < 0.001). For the restorations in this study, there was no detectable difference in postoperative VAS score between preheated and room temperature composite. Postoperative sensitivity decreased throughout the first month. Postoperative sensitivity was correlated to preoperative sensitivity (ISRCTN 76727312). Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can be used by clinicians when considering the advantages and disadvantages of preheated composite. The study found no evidence of any change in postoperative sensitivity when using preheated composite. Since preheated composite has superior physical properties, its use for routine care can be considered good practice.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DAMPAK PENJUALAN KREDIT TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN USAHA MIKRO DI KOTA SERANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-107
Author(s):  
Iba Gunawan ◽  
Aditya Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Turnover Number ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Number Of Customers ◽  
Subject Effect

This study aims to determine the effect of sales on business development when viewed from the indicator of sales turnover, number of workers, number of customers on “Pemancingan Serang Hijau”. In this study data was collected by means of observation, documentation and interviews. Almost all daily policies and problems were taken based on statistical methods and the results of data analysis and interpretation both qualitatively and quantitatively.MANOVA is a multivariate statistical analysis that is used in analyzing more than one dependent variable to find out whether the group averages differ significantly but are still rarely used. The purpose of the study is to apply MANOVA to determine business development when viewed from the sales turnover indicator of the number of workers, number of customers.From the results of the 2018 MANOVA test, using the test between the Subject Effect procedure obtained the Sig.0,723 value for sales turnover, while the Workforce obtained Sig.0,000 and for customers the Sig.0,000 value was obtained. This shows that the sales turnover variable does not affect credit sales, while the workforce and customers have a Sig value of less than 0.005, the workforce and customers influence credit sales towards business development in “Pemancingan Serang Hijau”.

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