scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of american tegumentary leishmaniasis in the state of Maranhão in recent years

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Francisco Jhon Anderson Silva Farias ◽  
Edigleison Do Ceu da Silva ◽  
Suzana Angelo da Silva ◽  
Valéria Cristina Soares Pinheiro ◽  
Juliana Maria Trindade Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Case Outcome ◽  
Educational Campaigns

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a non-contagious disease, caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania, vector-borne by sandflies. Initially it is enzootic, but it can affect humans in a secondary way, characterizing itself as a zoonosis. It has great epidemiological importance due to the complexity of the treatment. The disease has been spreading on a large scale throughout Brazil, as well as in the state of Maranhão. This study is a descriptive approach with the use of confirmed cases of ATL by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System, for the years 2010 to 2019 for the state of Maranhão. The following variables were analyzed: annual notifications, gender, age group, clinical forms, case outcome and municipalities with the most notifications.  During the study period, 19,043 cases were confirmed in the state. The year 2011 had the highest number of notifications, with 2,948 cases and an incidence of 44.83 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The male gender was the most affected with 71.9%. The predominant age group was between 20 and 39 years old, with 42.7%. The cutaneous form was prevalent with 96.4%. The three municipalities with the highest number of records were Montes Altos (West Mesoregion), Buriticupu (West Mesoregion) and Arame (Centro Maranhense Mesoregion). The state of Maranhão is considered endemic for ATL, so it is considered essential to continuously adopt measures to combat the vector and to conduct educational campaigns that inform the population about minimizing the possibilities of disease transmission.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of meningococcal disease in the State of Minas Gerais and in the Central, North, and Triângulo Mineiro regions, Brazil, during 2000-2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karynne Alves do Nascimento ◽  
Sybelle de Souza Castro Miranzi ◽  
Lúcia Marina Scatena
Keyword(s):  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Age Group ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

INTRODUCTION: Infection by Neisseria meningitidis, termed as meningococcal disease, can cause meningococcal meningitis and septicemia with or without meningitis. Meningococcal disease is endemic in Brazil and has a high potential to cause large-scale epidemics; therefore, it requires the immediate notification of cases to the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) in Brazil. The aim of this study was to describe an epidemiological profile using data from notified and confirmed cases in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from January 2000 to December 2009, obtained from the investigation records of individuals with meningitis registered with SINAN. METHODS: This was a retrospective, population-based study. Descriptive analysis of the data was made using the simple and relative frequencies of the categorical variables in the investigation records. RESULTS: There were 1,688 confirmed patients in Minas Gerais of which 45.5% lived in the Central, North, and Triângulo Mineiro regions. The highest frequencies of cases were in the 1-4-years age group (26.3%), males (54.7%), caucasian (36.4%), and lived in an urban area (80%). In the patients with specified education, 650 (60.9%) patients had secondary education. Serogrouping of meningococci had been performed in 500 (29.6%) patients by age and gender; 285 (57%) belonged to serogroup C, 67 (13.4%) were in the 1-to 4-years age group, and 168 (33.6%) were male. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological profiles of patients in the Central, North, and Triângulo Mineiro regions were not significantly different from the profile of patients in Minas Gerais.

scholarly journals Reduction of incidence and relapse or recrudescence cases of malaria in the western region of the Brazilian Amazon

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (09) ◽  
pp. 1181-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel de Deus Vieira ◽  
Karla Nayma Mundt Gim ◽  
Guilherme Mendes Zaqueo ◽  
Thaianne da Cunha Alves ◽  
Tony Hiroshi Katsuragawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Introduction: Malaria is one of the major parasitic diseases in the State of Rondônia, located in the western Brazilian Amazon. The basic treatment scheme for this disease is chloroquine and primaquine. This study evaluated the epidemiological profile of malaria in Rondônia between 2008 and 2012. Methodology: The epidemiological data were provided by the Health Surveillance Agency from the State of Rondônia, and socioeconomic indicators were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System, and from the National Institute for Space Research. The analyzed variables included year of diagnosis, gender, age group, main activity performed in the 15 days previous to the diagnosis, parasite species, level of parasitemia, number of relapse/recrudescence cases, and socioeconomic and environmental data for Rondônia. Results: A total of 238,626 cases of malaria were recorded in Rondônia during the study period. Of this total, 65.6% were men and the most prevalent age group was 20–39 years. Plasmodium vivax was the most common parasite (89.8%), followed by Plasmodium   falciparum (9.4%). An average of 30.9% of the individuals who were tested presented with relapse/recrudescence malaria. The API value was highest in 2008 and lowest in 2012, corresponding to 42.3 cases and 19.2 cases per 1,000 inhabitants, respectively. Conclusions: A 58% reduction in the number of malaria cases and a 36.2% reduction in the number of relapse/recrudescence malaria cases were observed, due to increases in the economy, improvements in the health system, and reduction of deforestation in this region.

scholarly journals PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS ÓBITOS POR CÂNCER DE ESTÔMAGO NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS NO PERÍODO DE 2010 A 2018; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DEATHS FROM STOMACH CANCER IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS FROM 2010 TO 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Euber Joe Jurado Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por câncer de estômago no estado do Tocantins de 2010 a 2018. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico de natureza quantitativa, descritiva e transversal. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) disponível no DATASUS (Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil). As variáveis coletadas foram o número total de óbitos, bem como, o sexo, faixa etária e a cor/raça dos indivíduos. Resultados: O número total de óbitos no estado do Tocantins no período em questão foi de 549, sendo o ano de 2017 o que mais apresentou casos, com 87 óbitos. Se levarmos em consideração o sexo das vítimas, podemos observar que houve um predomínio de indivíduos do sexo masculino com 357 óbitos, representando 67% do total de óbitos. No que diz respeito a faixa etária, verificamos uma grande quantidade de casos em pessoas acima de 60 anos, com 362 óbitos (66%), seguidos pela faixa etária de 40 a 59 anos com 157 óbitos (28,5%), 20 a 39 anos com 29 óbitos (5,3%) e abaixo de 20 anos com 1 óbito (0,2%). A média de idade calculada foi de 65,76 anos. Em relação a cor/raça notamos que os pardos lideram as estatísticas com 335 óbitos, correspondendo a 61% do total de óbitos. Conclusão: Levando em consideração o panorama mostrado, nota-se que o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por câncer de estômago no Tocantins entre 2010 e 2018 é composto por homens, acima de 60 anos, da raça parda. A erradicação do Helicobacter pylori representa um alvo para a prevenção primária do câncer gástrico. Portanto, representa um importante problema de saúde pública que requer atenção dos gestores públicos para a elaboração de medidas públicas, visando o planejamento dos recursos para a proteção da população tocantinense. Palavras-chave: Neoplasias Gástricas; Perfil de Saúde; Mortalidade.   ABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to trace the epidemiological profile of deaths from stomach cancer in the state of Tocantins from 2010 to 2018. Methods: Epidemiological study of quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional nature. Data were collected in the Mortality Information System (SIM) available at DATASUS (Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System). The variables collected were the total number of deaths, as well as the sex, age group and color/race of the individuals. Results: The total number of deaths in the state of Tocantins in the period in question was 549, with 2017 having the highest number of cases with 87 deaths. If we take into account the sex of the victims, we can see that there was a predominance of male individuals with 357 deaths, representing 67% of the total deaths. Regarding the age group, we verified a large number of cases in people over 60 years old, with 362 deaths (66%), followed by the age group from 40 to 59 years old with 157 deaths (28.5%), 20 to 39 years old with 29 deaths (5.3%) and under 20 years old with 1 death (0.2%). The average age calculated was 65.76 years. Regarding color/race, we noticed that browns lead the statistics with 335 deaths, corresponding to 61% of the total deaths. Conclusion: Taking into account the panorama shown, it is noted that the epidemiological profile of deaths from stomach cancer in Tocantins between 2010 and 2018 is composed of men, over 60 years old, of the brown race. The eradication of Helicobacter pylori represents a target for the primary prevention of gastric cancer. Therefore, it represents an important public health problem that requires the attention of public managers for the elaboration of public measures, aiming at the planning of resources for the protection of the Tocantins population. Keywords: Stomach Neoplasms; Epidemiology; Mortality.

scholarly journals PHLEBOTOMINE SANDFLIES IN RURAL LOCATIONS IN THE STATE OF PARANA, SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Cristina Castanho Sabaini de Melo ◽  
Wilsandrei Cella ◽  
Rubens Massafera ◽  
Natalia Maria Maciel Guerra Silva ◽  
Reinaldo Marqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
The State ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Animal Shelters ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis

SUMMARY This study reports the fauna and frequency of sandflies in domestic animal shelters, residences and other ecotopes in rural areas of the municipality of Bandeirantes, Paraná State. Sandflies were collected twice in eight rural villages by using Falcon traps from 8pm to 6am in 2008. In these localities 4,790 sandflies were collected, which were represented by ten sandfly species, prevailing of Nyssomyia neivai and Nyssomyia whitmani species. It was observed that animal shelters are the domestic ecotopes where there is the greatest frequency of these insects. The localities where the collections were made had the environmental characteristics that allow the persistence of transmission of parasites from the American tegumentary leishmaniasis. Although the fauna and the behavior of sandflies species are similar in different localities, the method of controlling these insects should be adjusted to the environmental characteristics of each one of the most diverse endemic areas of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the municipalities of Paraná State.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and sociodemographic characterization of women and men with cancer in a State in the Brazilian Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-576
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Paraguassu Chaves ◽  
Allan Kardec Duailibe Barros Filho ◽  
Carlos de Andrade Macieira ◽  
Fabrício Moraes de Almeida ◽  
Lenita Rodrigues Moreira Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Health Council ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Objective: Objective: Analyzes the epidemiological and sociodemographic characterization of women and men with cancer in the State of Rondônia, Western Amazon (Brazil), diagnosed over a period of 2 (two) years. Materials and Methods: It is a documentary, cross-sectional and descriptive study, with the systematization of primary data, according to the methodological model recommended by Paraguassú-Chaves et al [25]. We used an instrument developde by Paraguassu-Chaves et al [26], semi-structured, divided into two blocks: (a) Block I – sociodemographic profile and (b) Block II – epidemiological profile. The Ethics Committee on Human Research at the reference hospital was asked to waive the Informed Consent Form. The research project is in accordance with Resolution 196/96 of the National Health Council of Brazil. Results: Of the 3.333 new cases of cancer, 53.4% ​​were female and 46.5% male. The 10 (ten) most common types of cancer among men and women in Rondônia over a 2-year period were non-melanoma skin (C44), breast (C50), prostate (C61), cervix (C53), stomach (C16), thyroid gland (C73), bronchi and lungs (C33-C34), colon (C18), reticuloendothelial hematopoietic system (C42) and rectal cancer (C20). An age range of 50 to 69 years was predominant in both sexes and patients with low educational level. The highest frequency was for married patients. There was a predominance of brown skin, patients born in the State of Rondônia (22.6%) and agricultural workers. The Unified Health System - SUS was responsible for the entry for treatment of 99.5% of patients. Most patients underwent “other isolated therapeutic procedures” and with the disease in advanced stages. Conclusions: The estimate of new cancer cases in Rondônia follows an increasing trend. The scenarios selected from the variables of the sociodemographic and epidemiological indicators of the research require the public health authorities of Rondônia, urgent redirection of actions and strategies for the prevention, control, assistance and treatment of cancer in women and men in Rondônia.

scholarly journals STATUS OF THE AMERICAN TEGUMENTARY LEISHMANIASIS IN THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO , BRAZIL, FROM 2004 TO 2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmar Ferreira VITA ◽  
Maria Angélica Vieira DA COSTA PEREIRA ◽  
Ildemar FERREIRA ◽  
Argemiro SANAVRIA ◽  
Celso Guimarães BARBOSA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis

scholarly journals Profile of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in transmission areas in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Olímpia Köhler Marra Pinto ◽  
Tiago Mendonça de Oliveira ◽  
Andreza Nayla de Assis Aguiar ◽  
Paulo Eustáquio Marra Pinto ◽  
David Soeiro Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis

scholarly journals Variability Modeling of Rainfall, Deforestation, and Incidence of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Orán, Argentina, 1985–2007

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Rosales ◽  
Hyun Mo Yang ◽  
Orlando José Avila Blas
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Transmission Cycle ◽  
Variability Modeling ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
Recorded Data

American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is a disease transmitted to humans by the female sandflies of the genusLutzomyia. Several factors are involved in the disease transmission cycle. In this work only rainfall and deforestation were considered to assess the variability in the incidence of ATL. In order to reach this goal, monthly recorded data of the incidence of ATL in Orán, Salta, Argentina, were used, in the period 1985–2007. The square root of the relative incidence of ATL and the corresponding variance were formulated as time series, and these data were smoothed by moving averages of 12 and 24 months, respectively. The same procedure was applied to the rainfall data. Typical months, which are April, August, and December, were found and allowed us to describe the dynamical behavior of ATL outbreaks. These results were tested at 95% confidence level. We concluded that the variability of rainfall would not be enough to justify the epidemic outbreaks of ATL in the period 1997–2000, but it consistently explains the situation observed in the years 2002 and 2004. Deforestation activities occurred in this region could explain epidemic peaks observed in both years and also during the entire time of observation except in 2005–2007.

scholarly journals Analysis of Exogenous Poisoning by Pesticide in the State of Bahia-Brazil during the Period from 2007 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolayne Silva Souza ◽  
Flávia Steffany Leite Miranda ◽  
Milena Roberta Freire da Silva ◽  
Caio Rodrigo Dias de Assis ◽  
Rafael Artur de Queiroz Cavalcanti de Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Age Group ◽  
International Level ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Brazil is one of the main exporters of agricultural products and is one of the largest consumers of pesticides in the world. Bahia stands out in irrigated agriculture, with growth at the national and international level exports. The aim of this study is to describe and analyze the spatial distribution, and the epidemiological profile of the population with confirmed cases of pesticides intoxication in the state of Bahia-Brazil, from 2007 to 2017. It is an ecological and retrospective study of a series, with secondary data collected at the Department of Informatics of the System Of Health (DATASUS), on notifications and confirmed cases of pesticide poisoning in the state in 2007 to 2017. In Bahia, about 1,632 notifications of exogenous pesticide poisoning in the investigated period, confirming about 1137 cases. The main age group affected by these intoxications were related to 20-39 years of age. The results of this study show the increase in the number of notified and confirmed cases in Bahia during years from 2007 to 2017, thus suggesting the carrying out of research on the subject in this and other Brazilian states, in order to monitor and evaluate the causes of these pesticide poisoning, and improve health promotion.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of confirmed meningitis cases reported in the state of Ceará from 2014 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e885998235
Author(s):  
Evaldo Hipólito de Oliveira ◽  
Andreson Félix da Cruz ◽  
Carla Graziela da Silva ◽  
Nayra Barbosa Alves ◽  
Maria do Socorro Viana do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pia Mater ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Capital ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
The Brain

Meningitis is an inflammatory process that affects the brain membranes (pia mater and arachnoid), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Such a process can be caused by viruses and bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of cases of meningitis in the state of Ceará, reported from 2014 to 2018. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study that outlined a quantitative and descriptive study on cases of meningitis in the state of Ceará. Ceará, retrospectively, from 2014 to 2018. Data from the Department of Informatics of SUS, DATASUS, were used. Of the 1710 reported cases of meningitis, the highest prevalence was in the 20-39 age group and the 40-59 age group, 32.0% and 20.6%, respectively. Males account for 62% of confirmations. 1398 occur in the state capital, Fortaleza, being of majority expression. The diagnostic test with the highest number of confirmations is the chemocytological test.

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