scholarly journals Current treatment options for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with a focus on the role of lanreotide

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Kos-Kudła ◽  
Jarosław Ćwikła ◽  
Marek Ruchała ◽  
Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk ◽  
Barbara Jarzab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Is proliferative index (Ki-67) useful to stratify patients (pts) with G2 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs)? Clinicopathologic correlation.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 255-255
Author(s):  
Martin Angel ◽  
Juan O Connor ◽  
Veronica Pesce ◽  
Guillermo Ariel Mendez ◽  
Claudia Bestani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Target Therapy ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Kaplan Meier

255 Background: Grade 2 (G2) Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), of the digestive tract is a heterogeneous group of tumors. Several treatment options including chemotherapy and target therapy are available, but there is a lack of prospective trials assessing the role of pronostic factors in this population. Aim(s): to analyze prognostic factors and clinical characteristics in a population of patients with G2 GEP-NETs. To determine the role of ki 67 in the stratification of G2 population. Methods: Study population was obtained from our prospective database (Argentum Group). Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between Ki-67 quartiles using the log-rank test. Value of Ki-67 to discriminate mortality was assesed with a ROC curve analysis Results: 144 pts were evaluated. Mean age 54.9, 46.7% male. 102 (70.8%) with metastatic disease, mainly hepatic in 97 pts. (67.4%). 67.9 % underwent surgery. 34% received chemotherapy, and 10.9% target therapy. Median Ki-67 value was 6 (IQR 4-10), ROC curve=0.62 (95% CI 0.53 a 0.72 p=0.021. cut-off: 6.5 (sensitivity 62.2%, specificity 57.7%). Median survival was 97, 67, 51 and 27 months according stratification by quartile (p.001), 45 events (31.7%). Conclusions: Our results suggest that in the heterogenous G2 GEP-NETs there are significant differences in survival. This study was underpowered to detect differences between Ki-67 quartiles, we detected that chemotherapy was mostly used in the higher quartiles.

scholarly journals Interaction of race and pathology for neuroendocrine tumors: Epidemiology, natural history, or racial disparity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 376-376
Author(s):  
Rachel M Lee ◽  
Danielle K DePalo ◽  
Alexandra G Lopez-Aguiar ◽  
Mohammad Yahya Zaidi ◽  
Flavio G. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Us

376 Background: The prognostic value of pathologic variables is not consistent for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). We previously demonstrated a limited prognostic role of lymph node (LN) positivity in small bowel NETs (SBNET) compared to pancreatic NETs (panNET). Although minority race is often associated with worse cancer outcomes, the interaction of race with pathologic and oncologic outcomes of pts with GEP-NETS is not known. Methods: Pts with GEP-NETs who underwent curative intent resection at eight institutions of the US NET Study Group from 2000-16 were included. Given few pts of other races, only Black and White race pts were analyzed. Results: Of 2,182 pts, 1,143 met inclusion criteria. Median age was 58 yrs, median follow up was 3 yrs, 48% were male, 14% (n = 157) were Black, and 86% (n = 986) were White. Black pts were more likely uninsured (7 vs 2%, p = 0.005), had symptomatic bleeding (13 vs 7%, p = 0.006), required emergency surgery (7 vs 3%, p = 0.003), and had LN positive disease (47 vs 36%, p = 0.016). Despite this, Black pts had improved 5 yr recurrence free survival (RFS) compared to White pts (90 vs 80%, p = 0.008). The quality of care received was comparable between both groups, demonstrated by similar LN yield at surgery, neg margin resection rate, post-op complications, and need for reoperation or readmission (all p > 0.05). Black pts were more likely to have SBNET (22 vs 13%) and less likely to have panNET (43 vs 68%) compared to White pts (p < 0.001). Consistent with prior data, pts with LN pos panNET had decreased 5yr RFS (67 vs 83%, p = 0.001); however, for SBNET, LN involvement was not prognostic (77 vs 96%, p = 0.08). The prognostic value of LN pos disease was similar between Black and White pts in both SBNET (p = 0.34) and panNET (p = 0.95). Conclusions: Black pts with GEP-NET present with more advanced disease, including higher LN positivity. Despite this, Black pts have improved RFS compared to White pts. Although there may be delays in seeking or reaching care, Black pts received similar quality of care compared to White pts. The improved RFS seen in Black pts may be attributed to the epidemiologic differences in the site of presentation of GEP-NETs and variable prognostic value of LN pos disease.

scholarly journals USP7 Inhibition Alleviates H2O2-Induced Injury in Chondrocytes via Inhibiting NOX4/NLRP3 Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Qingbai Liu ◽  
Bin Yan ◽  
Ziqiang Zhu ◽  
Yaozeng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Enhanced Production

Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis, is a very common joint disease that often affects middle-aged to elderly people. However, current treatment options for OA are predominantly palliative. Thus, understanding its pathological process and exploring its potential therapeutic approaches are of great importance. Rat chondrocytes were isolated and exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to mimic OA. The effects of H2O2 on ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, proliferation, inflammatory cytokine release, and pyroptosis were measured. USP7 was knocked down (KD) or overexpressed to investigate the role of USP7 in OA. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was used to study the interaction between USP7 and NAD(P)H oxidases (NOX)4 as well as NOX4 ubiquitination. NOX4 inhibitor was applied to study the involvement of NOX4 in USP7-mediated OA development. USP7 inhibitor was given to OA animals to further investigate the role of USP7 in OA in vivo. Moreover, H2O2 treatment significantly increased USP7 expression, enhanced ROS levels, and inhibited proliferation in rat chondrocytes. The overexpression of USP7 enhanced pyroptosis, ROS production, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 levels, and the expression level of NLRP3, GSDMD-N, active caspase-1, pro-caspase-1, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 1, and MMP13, which was abolished by ROS inhibition. The USP7 KD protected rat chondrocytes against H2O2-induced injury. Co-IP results showed that USP7 interacted with NOX4, and USP7 KD enhanced NOX4 ubiquitinylation. The inhibition of NOX4 blocked the pro-OA effect of USP7. Moreover, the USP7 inhibitor given to OA animals suppressed OA in vivo. USP7 inhibited NOX4 ubiquitination for degradation which leads to elevated ROS production. ROS subsequently activates NLPR3 inflammasome, leading to enhanced production of IL-1β and IL-18, GSDMD-N-dependent pyroptosis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Thus, UPS7 contributes to the progression of OA via NOX4/ROS/NLPR3 axis.

scholarly journals Update on the Management of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors With Emphasis on the Role of Imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Won Kim ◽  
Katherine M. Krajewski ◽  
Mizuki Nishino ◽  
Jyothi P. Jagannathan ◽  
Atul B. Shinagare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

scholarly journals [68Ga]-DOTATATE PET/CT and PET/MRI in the diagnosis and management of esthesioneuroblastoma: illustrative cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Roytman ◽  
Andrew B. Tassler ◽  
Ashutosh Kacker ◽  
Theodore H. Schwartz ◽  
Georgiana A. Dobri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Somatostatin Receptors ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Olfactory Neuroblastoma ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Response Monitoring ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Slow Onset

BACKGROUNDEsthesioneuroblastoma (ENB), also known as olfactory neuroblastoma, is a rare sinonasal neuroectodermal malignancy with a slow onset of symptoms, favorable 5-year survival, and a propensity for delayed locoregional recurrence. Current treatment options include resection, adjuvant radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy; however, because of its rarity and location, determining the optimal treatment for ENB has been challenging.OBSERVATIONSENBs strongly express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), particularly SSTR2, providing a molecular target for imaging and therapy.LESSONsThe authors present a case series of ENBs imaged with [68Ga]-DOTATATE PET/MRI and PET/CT and discuss the emerging role of [68Ga]-DOTATATE PET for ENB diagnosis, staging, and treatment response monitoring.

scholarly journals Role of the Myokine Irisin on Bone Homeostasis: Review of the Current Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9136
Author(s):  
Amanda Kornel ◽  
Danja J. Den Hartogh ◽  
Panagiota Klentrou ◽  
Evangelia Tsiani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Signaling Proteins ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Bone is a highly dynamic tissue that is constantly adapting to micro-changes to facilitate movement. When the balance between bone building and resorption shifts more towards bone resorption, the result is reduced bone density and mineralization, as seen in osteoporosis or osteopenia. Current treatment strategies aimed to improve bone homeostasis and turnover are lacking in efficacy, resulting in the search for new preventative and nutraceutical treatment options. The myokine irisin, since its discovery in 2012, has been shown to play an important role in many tissues including muscle, adipose, and bone. Evidence indicate that irisin is associated with increased bone formation and decreased bone resorption, leading to reduced risk of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. In addition, low serum irisin levels have been found in individuals with osteoporosis and osteopenia. Irisin targets key signaling proteins, promoting osteoblastogenesis and reducing osteoclastogenesis. The present review summarizes the existing evidence regarding the effects of irisin on bone homeostasis.

scholarly journals Emerging Treatment Options for Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3655
Author(s):  
Mauro Cives ◽  
Eleonora Pelle’ ◽  
Jonathan Strosberg
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Treatment options for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and carcinomas (NECs) are expanding. Early-phase studies have shown preliminary evidence of the antitumor activity of alpha-emitting peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), and novel radiopeptides incorporating somatostatin receptor antagonists (rather than agonists) have been developed. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with antiangiogenic potential have been evaluated in patients with NETs, including lenvatinib, axitinib, cabozantinib and pazopanib. Recently, two phase 3 clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of surufatinib, an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1, -2, -3, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-1 and colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R), in patients with pancreatic and extra-pancreatic NETs. Multiple clinical trials of combination immunotherapy have been recently completed, but interpretation of the results is hampered by small samples sizes and discordant outcomes. This review summarizes recent data on emerging treatments for neuroendocrine neoplasms.

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