Clinical presentation of COVID-19 disease, association between sodium levels and pao2/fio2 ratio, effect of stress on mortality rate and smoking prevalence

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Disease Association ◽  
Ratio Effect

Abstract TP178: The Decline of the Age-Adjusted Mortality Rate of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Shimane Prefecture, Japan

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Matsuda ◽  
Fusao Ikawa ◽  
Iori Ohzono ◽  
Michitsura Yoshiyama ◽  
Toshikazu Hidaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Cancer Information Service ◽  
Standard Population ◽  
Government Statistics

Object: This study aimed to assess the relationships between trend of mortality rate from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and blood pressure and smoking prevalence among about 700,000 residents of Shimane prefecture, Japan. Methods: A retrospective review was performed to identify the age-adjusted mortality rate from SAH calculated using the standard population of Japan in 2010 and changes in population of Shimane prefecture used the date based on government statistics during 1999 through 2017. Blood pressure dates were extracted from Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare during 2008 through 2015, and smoking prevalence from Cancer Registry and Statistics. Cancer Information Service, National Cancer Center, Japan every 3 years since 2001. Result: Age-adjusted mortality rate from SAH in Shimane prefecture tended to decline by 3.6% between 1999 through 2017 regardless of gender, as 14.86 (95%CI:14.65-15.07) per 100,000 person-year in 1999 to 7.96 (95%CI:7.81-8.11) in 2017. The Population of Shimane prefecture, where one of the most aging region in Japan, was decreased by 10.4% since 764,291 in 1999 to 684,668 in 2017. Blood pressure was invariable during 2008 through 2015, while smoking prevalence decreased since 2001 to 2016, as 25.0% to 18.0%. Conclusion: Age-adjusted mortality rate from SAH in Shimane prefecture have declined since 1999 to 2017, regardless of decrease of population and advancement of aging region. The factor of decline might be not only development of treatment and management, but decrease of incidence of SAH in Japan accompanied by improvement of smoking prevalence or lifestyle habitation.

scholarly journals Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-104
Author(s):  
Dragan Nikolic ◽  
Marijana Basta-Nikolic ◽  
Vladimir Manojlovic ◽  
Zeljko Zivanovic ◽  
Sanja Vickovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Venous Sinus ◽  
Venous Sinus Thrombosis

Introduction/Objective. Coagulopathy induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (SARS-CoV-2) can be an underlying cause of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), a less common type of stroke with a variable clinical presentation and high mortality rate. Objective: to present a series of CVST cases associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods. This retrospective study evaluated clinical, laboratory and radiological presentation, risk factors, barriers to diagnosis, treatment and outcome of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection induced CVST. Results. The study comprised 6 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 induced CVST during the 18 months period. Majority (66.7%) had no significant risk factors for developing CVST. Median time from initial COVID-19 diagnosis to onset of neurologic deficit was 7 days (interquartile range 0.5-7 days). Clinical presentation comprised non specific neurological symptoms: headache (83.3%) and decreased consciousness (33.3%), together with elevated levels of D-dimer and inflammatory biomarkers. The transverse (n = 4 or 66.7%), superior sagittal sinuses (n = 3 or 50%) and sigmoid sinus (n = 2 or 33.3%) were most commonly affected. Five patients (83.3%) had minimal to no symptoms at discharge (mRS ? 2). In-hospital mortality in our current series was relatively high (16.7%). Conclusion. The high mortality rate of SARS-CoV-2-associated CVST urges clinicians to suspect CVST in patients with a history of COVID-19 infection presenting with non-specific neurological symptoms in order to provide proper treatment and prevent complications.

Deep venous thrombosis in the clinical course of pulmonary embolism

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 453-458
Author(s):  
Natalia Stoeva ◽  
Milena Staneva ◽  
Galina Kirova ◽  
Rumiana Bakalova
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Severe Clinical Presentation

Objectives The aim of the study is to find how concomitant deep venous thrombosis (DVT) changes the clinical course of pulmonary embolism. Methods Three hundred and five patients with pulmonary embolism were examined and grouped into DVT and non-DVT groups. Both groups were compared with regard to demography, predisposing factors, clinical signs, thrombotic burden, and one-month mortality rate. Results The patients with DVT had a more severe clinical presentation: higher heart rate (94.80 ± 18.66 beats per minute versus 87.9 ± 13.90 in the non-DVT group, p = 0.00033), more hemodynamic instability (11.35% versus 3.05% in the non-DVT group, p = 0.005), and less pCO2 in arterial blood gases (30.81 ± 7.94 mmHg versus 32.59 ± 7.35 mmHg in the non-DVT group, p = 0.049). The DVT group had heavier thrombotic burden in pulmonary artery, measured by Mastora score. The one-month mortality rate did not differ statistically between groups. Conclusions Patients with symptomatic pulmonary embolism and concomitant DVT have heavier thrombotic burden in the pulmonary artery and more severe clinical presentation compared to those without DVT, but a similar one-month mortality rate.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Vesicle and Bullae Formation in Patients With COVID-19: Experiences from Wuhan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hexiao Tang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Yanhong Wei ◽  
Changsheng Li ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Damage ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Vesicle Formation ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Prognosis Factor ◽  
Extensive Necrosis

Background: The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading globally now. However, the clinical presentation that predict prognosis of the patients are still largely unknow. Methods: We enrolled 393 patients infected with COVID-19 and 30 patients with common pulmonary bulla and reviewed their clinical features to evaluate the potential prognostic value of pulmonary vesicles, especially in the patients with severe symptoms. One COVID-19 patient with vesicles was treated by bullectomy for last resort, and its characteristics of the patient’s perioperative laboratory tests was analyzed. The pathological findings of bullectomy were described and compared with those of common bulla cases. Results: Patients infected with COVID-19 showed more dependence on ventilator, occurrence of super resistant bacteria, and prone to vesicle formation than common bulla (p<0.05). Disease severity is associated with age, sex, and usage of ventilator, ECMO and antibiotics, super resistance bacteria and vesicle formation (p<0.05). The average mortality rate of COVID-19 patients was 4.10% (25.4% in severe patients, 0.00% in mild patients). Interestingly, the mortality rate further increased in severe patients with pulmonary vesicles than those without pulmonary vesicles (35.7% vs 22.4%, p=0.0442). One COVID-19 patient with vesicles underwent bullectomy and had a poor prognosis, who showed diffuse alveolar damage and extensive necrosis in bullectomy specimen. Conclusions: Patients infected with COVID-19 are more prone to form pulmonary vesicles showed on chest CT scans, as an important poor prognosis factor, especially in the severe patients.

scholarly journals Endovascular Management of Pancreatitis-Related Hemorrhage: Single-Center Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 066-072
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Jagadeesh R. Singh ◽  
Mahesh T. Kumar ◽  
K.N. Nagbhushan ◽  
Nageshwar D. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Splenic Artery ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Endovascular Management ◽  
Technical Success ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Graft Placement ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Rebleeding Rate

Abstract Purpose The main purpose of this article is to assess the outcomes of endovascular management of pancreatitis-related hemorrhage. Materials and Methods Retrospective analysis of patients referred for endovascular management of pancreatitis-related bleeding from January 2010 to December 2017 was performed. Patients’ demographics, clinical presentation, etiology, laboratory findings, angiography findings, details of the endovascular procedure, technical outcome, clinical outcome, and complications were assessed. Results One hundred and five patients with a mean age of 37 years were included in this study. Splenic artery (41.7%) was the most commonly involved vessel. Middle colic, left colic, superior mesenteric, jejunal, left inferior phrenic, and left renal subcapsular arteries were the less commonly involved vessels. Embolization was performed using coils in 72 (68.5%) patients, n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) in 21 (20%) patients, both coil and n-BCA in 8 (7.6%) patients, and 4 (3.8%) patients underwent stent graft placement. Technical success was achieved in 98% (n = 103) and clinical success in 93.2% (n = 96) of patients. Rebleeding was seen in 6.8% (n = 7) of patients. Six patients with rebleeding were managed by reintervention. Four patients had rebleeding from the same vessel, and two patients had rebleeding from a different vessel. One patient died due to massive rebleeding. Minor complications were seen in 14.2% (n = 15), major complications were seen in 3.8% (n = 4), and mortality rate was 0.9% (n = 1). Conclusion Endovascular treatment is effective in the management of pancreatitis-related bleeding and is associated with low rebleeding rate and low mortality rate.

scholarly journals Risk factors affecting COVID-19 case fatality rate: A quantitative analysis of top 50 affected countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Poh Goh ◽  
Wafiah Ilyani Mahari ◽  
Norhadyrah Izazie Ahad ◽  
Li Ling Chaw ◽  
Nurolaini Kifli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Diabetes Prevalence ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fatality Rate

AbstractBackgroundLatest clinical data on treatment on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) indicated that older patients and those with underlying history of smoking, hypertension or diabetes mellitus might have poorer prognosis of recovery from COVID-19. We aimed to examine the relationship of various prevailing population-based risk factors in comparison with mortality rate and case fatality rate (CFR) of COVID-19.MethodsDemography and epidemiology data which have been identified as verified or postulated risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 were used. The number of confirmed cases and the number of deaths until April 16, 2020 for all affected countries were extracted from Johns Hopkins University COVID-19 websites. Datasets for indicators that are fitting with the factors of COVID-19 mortality were extracted from the World Bank database. Out of about 185 affected countries, only top 50 countries were selected to be analyzed in this study. The following seven variables were included in the analysis, based on data availability and completeness: 1) proportion of people aged 65 above, 2) proportion of male in the population, 3) diabetes prevalence, 4) smoking prevalence, 5) current health expenditure, 6) number of hospital beds and 7) number of nurses and midwives. Quantitative analysis was carried out to determine the correlation between CFR and the aforementioned risk factors.ResultsUnited States shows about 0.20% of confirmed cases in its country and it has about 4.85% of CFR. Luxembourg shows the highest percentage of confirmed cases of 0.55% but a low 2.05% of CFR, showing that a high percentage of confirmed cases does not necessarily lead to high CFR. There is a significant correlation between CFR, people aged 65 and above (p = 0.35) and diabetes prevalence (p = 0.01). However, in our study, there is no significant correlation between CFR of COVID-19, male gender (p = 0.26) and smoking prevalence (p = 0.60).ConclusionOlder people above 65 years old and diabetic patients are significant risk factors for COVID-19. Nevertheless, gender differences and smoking prevalence failed to prove a significant relationship with COVID-19 mortality rate and CFR.

scholarly journals Clinicoetiological and imaging profile of intracerebral haemorrhage in a tertiary care hospital of Western Odisha

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4369
Author(s):  
Purna Chandra Karua ◽  
Shiny Joy
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Hematoma Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diagnosis Of Hypertension ◽  
Overall Mortality

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage has an annual incidence of 10-30/100,000 population, accounting for 2 million (10-15%) of about 15 million strokes worldwide each year. The outcome of ICH depends on the clinical presentation and radiological parameters. The objective of current study was to study the etiology, clinical patterns and imaging profile in patients of intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods: All patients admitted in department of medicine, VIMSAR, Burla, with a diagnosis of ICH during a period of November 2017 to October 2019 were evaluated for their clinical presentation, etiology and radiological parameters.Results: A total of 105 patients with a diagnosis of ICH were included in the study. The sites of ICH were basal ganglia (49%) followed by lobar (19%), thalamus (14%), cerebellum (11%) and brain stem (8%). A pre-diagnosis of hypertension was present in 33% of the cases. Headache was the most common presenting symptom, present in 38.2% of patients followed by paralysis in 29.5%, vomiting in 27.6% and seizures in 20.9% of cases. Overall mortality rate was 39%. The mean GCS of patients who expired was 8.8 when compared to 11.28 of those patients who survived (p=0.00009). The mean hematoma size of patients who expired was 20.98 while that of those who survived was 17.41 (p=0.047). The presence of IVC was associated with mortality (p=0.006).Conclusions: A lower GCS at presentation and a mean hematoma volume >20 ml with intraventricular extension at presentation are associated with increased mortality in ICH.

Co-morbidities in takotsubo syndrome

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1301-1305
Author(s):  
Ken Kato ◽  
Sebastiano Gili ◽  
Fabio Fabbian ◽  
Roberto Manfredini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Benign Disease ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Profile ◽  
Wide Range

The incidence of takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is increasing significantly, due to higher awareness and recognition. Although TTS occurs mostly in women, male gender represents an independent predictor of adverse outcome. Outcome may be determined by risk factors, co-morbidities, clinical presentation, and in-hospital or out-of-hospital occurrence. Even in cohorts of patients with a low cardiovascular risk profile, the mortality rate is not significantly different. Among the wide range of co-morbidities reported, psychiatric disorders (i.e. affective and anxiety) are the most common and of the greatest importance. Acute unstable clinical presentation and in-hospital occurrence are both associated with a higher hospital mortality rate. In-hospital presentation is more frequent among men, and is characterized by higher proportions of co-morbidities and acute medical illnesses. Surprisingly, mortality rates of TTS are not significantly different from that of myocardial infarction. Thus, TTS should no longer be simply considered as a benign disease, and co-morbidities deserve high attention.

Invasive pneumococcal disease: Association between serotype, clinical presentation and lethality

Vaccine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (34) ◽  
pp. 5740-5746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mª Angeles Gutiérrez Rodríguez ◽  
Amai Varela González ◽  
María Ascensión Ordobás Gavín ◽  
Fernando Martín Martínez ◽  
Natividad García Marín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Disease Association
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document