scholarly journals Endogenous Agricultural Technology Diffusion with Factor Structural Changes in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-528
Author(s):  
Ying Dong ◽  
Yueying Mu ◽  
Shoichi Ito
Keyword(s):  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Technology

scholarly journals Agricultural Technology Transfer Preferences of Smallholder Farmers in Tunisia’s Arid Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boubaker Dhehibi ◽  
Udo Rudiger ◽  
Hloniphani Peter Moyo ◽  
Mohamed Zied Dhraief
Keyword(s):  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Extension System ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Adoption Level ◽  
Farmer Training ◽  
The Cost

The objective of this research study was to assess the sources of information on two improved agricultural and livestock technologies (barley variety and feed blocks) as well as the efficacy of numerous agricultural technology diffusion means introduced in the livestock–barley system in semi-arid Tunisia. The research used primary data collected from 671 smallholder farmers. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted, and Kendall’s W-test and the chi-squared distribution test were deployed to categorize and evaluate the efficacy of the different methods of technology diffusion used by the Tunisian extension system. To address farmers’ perceived opinions and classify the changes from the use of the improved technologies, a qualitative approach based on the Stapel scale was used. Farmer training, demonstration, and farmer-to-farmer interactions were perceived as the most effective agricultural extension methods. The access to technology, know-how, adoption cost of that technology, and labor intensity for adoption influenced its adoption level. Farmers’ opinions about the changes resulting from the adoption of both technologies revealed that yield and resistance to drought were the most important impacts of the two technologies. The study recommends empowering the national extension system through both conventional and non-conventional technologies (ICT, video, mobile phones, etc.), given the cost-effectiveness and their impact on the farmers’ adoption decisions.

scholarly journals How Does Tie Strength Dispersion within Inter-Organizational Networks Affect Agricultural Technological Innovation? Evidence from China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 717
Author(s):  
Long Cheng ◽  
Shiyuan Zhang ◽  
Xuming Lou ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
Fangping Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Organizational Networks ◽  
Tie Strength ◽  
Subgroup Structure ◽  
Cooperation Network

Agricultural technology is key to ensuring food security. Innovation in agricultural technology plays a vital role in increasing national food production. Collaborative innovation has become an essential form of technological innovation in the new era. Although there has been a large body of literature exploring the influencing factors on technological innovation, how tie strength dispersion within inter-organizational networks affects agricultural technological innovation has not been systematically studied. In this research, we use a cooperative network to investigate how relational divisive faultlines caused by the uneven distribution of the strength of inter-organizational relationships affects agricultural technological innovation through the subgroup structure, and the moderating role of position embeddedness. This article uses the Derwent Innovations Index to select agricultural technology joint patent applications from 2000 to 2018 to build a cooperation network, and uses multiple linear regression to conduct an empirical analysis. The empirical results show that the relational divisive faultlines have a positive effect on the subgroup structure. There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the subgroup structure and agricultural technological innovation. The initial stage of subgroup formation can transmit the information between the subgroups in time and promote the efficiency of agricultural technological innovation. However, as the degree of subgroup cohesion increases, the phenomenon of “in-group” and “out-of-group” will be formed, which will inhibit information exchange, having a negative impact on agricultural technological innovation. In addition, positional embeddedness has a significant positive moderating effect between relational divisive faultlines and agricultural technological innovation. This research provides a theoretical basis for understanding how the overall network relationship strength distribution affects technological innovation by exploring the micro-process of the structural changes of the cooperation network. Moreover, it has specific guiding significance for the organization to participation in a cooperation network to improve the efficiency of agricultural technological innovation.

Technological Changes in Agriculture and Information Technology: Centrality and Citation Analyses of South Korean Agricultural Patent Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-337
Author(s):  
Dong-Geon Lim ◽  
Jin Hwa Jung
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Citation Analysis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Patent Data ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Centrality Analysis

This study analyses recent changes in the agricultural technology trends at the current pace of its convergence with information technology (IT) using South Korean agricultural patent data from 2000 to 2015. This article focuses on the structural changes in agricultural technology in terms of patent applications by specific technology sector between the two periods: Period 1 (2000–2007) and Period 2 (2008–2015). Accordingly, we performed centrality analysis to measure the importance of each agricultural technology based on International Patent Classification (IPC) sub-classes. We also conducted citation analysis to identify whether the proportion of backward and forward citations of agricultural patents had significantly changed between the two periods. The results of the centrality analysis suggest that, whereas food technology was the most important technology sector in agriculture during both the periods, agricultural production technology experienced a considerable increase in its share in agriculture in Period 2. The results of the citation analysis confirm a substantial degree of interconnectivity between agricultural technology and non-agricultural technologies.

Fine Structural Changes in the Microvasculature of the Mouse Pinna: Aging and Radiation Injury

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Fission Neutrons ◽  
Total Body

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.

Evaluation of single-electron movies of glutamine synthetase molecules

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
W. Kunath ◽  
E. Zeitler ◽  
M. Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Recording Device ◽  
Low Exposure

The features of digital recording of a continuous series (movie) of singleelectron TV frames are reported. The technique is used to investigate structural changes in negatively stained glutamine synthetase molecules (GS) during electron irradiation and, as an ultimate goal, to look for the molecules' “undamaged” structure, say, after a 1 e/Å2 dose.The TV frame of fig. la shows an image of 5 glutamine synthetase molecules exposed to 1/150 e/Å2. Every single electron is recorded as a unit signal in a 256 ×256 field. The extremely low exposure of a single TV frame as dictated by the single-electron recording device including the electron microscope requires accumulation of 150 TV frames into one frame (fig. lb) thus achieving a reasonable compromise between the conflicting aspects of exposure time per frame of 3 sec. vs. object drift of less than 1 Å, and exposure per frame of 1 e/Å2 vs. rate of structural damage.

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