scholarly journals Source apportionment of carbonaceous fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in two contrasting cities across the Indo–Gangetic Plain

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. Villalobos ◽  
Mansur O. Amonov ◽  
Martin M. Shafer ◽  
J. Jai Devi ◽  
Tarun Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Pm 2.5 ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain

scholarly journals Seasonal distribution and drivers of surface fine particulate matter and organic aerosol over the Indo-Gangetic Plain

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 10881-10909
Author(s):  
Caterina Mogno ◽  
Paul I. Palmer ◽  
Christoph Knote ◽  
Fei Yao ◽  
Timothy J. Wallington
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain

Abstract. The Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) is home to 9 % of the global population and is responsible for a large fraction of agricultural crop production in Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh. Levels of fine particulate matter (mean diameter <2.5 µm, PM2.5) across the IGP often exceed human health recommendations, making cities across the IGP among the most polluted in the world. Seasonal changes in the physical environment over the IGP are dominated by the large-scale south Asian monsoon system that dictates the timing of agricultural planting and harvesting. We use the WRF-Chem model to study the seasonal anthropogenic, pyrogenic, and biogenic influences on fine particulate matter and its constituent organic aerosol (OA) over the IGP that straddles Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh during 2017–2018. We find that surface air quality during pre-monsoon (March–May) and monsoon (June–September) seasons is better than during post-monsoon (October–December) and winter (January–February) seasons, but all seasonal mean values of PM2.5 still exceed the recommended levels, so that air pollution is a year-round problem. Anthropogenic emissions influence the magnitude and distribution of PM2.5 and OA throughout the year, especially over urban sites, while pyrogenic emissions result in localised contributions over the central and upper parts of IGP in all non-monsoonal seasons, with the highest impact during post-monsoon seasons that correspond to the post-harvest season in the agricultural calendar. Biogenic emissions play an important role in the magnitude and distribution of PM2.5 and OA during the monsoon season, and they show a substantial contribution to secondary OA (SOA), particularly over the lower IGP. We find that the OA contribution to PM2.5 is significant in all four seasons (17 %–30 %), with primary OA generally representing the larger fractional contribution. We find that the volatility distribution of SOA is driven mainly by the mean total OA loading and the washout of aerosols and gas-phase aerosol precursors that result in SOA being less volatile during the pre-monsoon and monsoon season than during the post-monsoon and winter seasons.

scholarly journals On the widespread enhancement in fine particulate matter across the Indo-Gangetic Plain towards winter

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Ojha ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Imran Girach ◽  
Tabish U. Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain

scholarly journals Fine particulate matter source apportionment using a hybrid chemical transport and receptor model approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 26657-26698
Author(s):  
Y. Hu ◽  
S. Balachandran ◽  
J. E. Pachon ◽  
J. Baek ◽  
C. Ivey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Hybrid Method ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Measurement Information ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Receptor Model ◽  
Fine Particulate

Abstract. A hybrid fine particulate matter (PM2.5) source apportionment approach based on a receptor-model (RM) species balance and species specific source impacts from a chemical transport model (CTM) equipped with a sensitivity analysis tool is developed to provide physically- and chemically-consistent relationships between source emissions and receptor impacts. This hybrid approach enhances RM results by providing initial estimates of source impacts from a much larger number of sources than are typically used in RMs, and provides source-receptor relationships for secondary species. Further, the method addresses issues of source collinearities, and accounts for emissions uncertainties. Hybrid method results also provide information on the resulting source impact uncertainties. We apply this hybrid approach to conduct PM2.5 source apportionment at Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) sites across the US. Ambient PM2.5 concentrations at these receptor sites were apportioned to 33 separate sources. Hybrid method results led to large changes of impacts from CTM estimates for sources such as dust, woodstove, and other biomass burning sources, but limited changes to others. The refinements reduced the differences between CTM-simulated and observed concentrations of individual PM2.5 species by over 98% when using a weighted least squared error minimization. The rankings of source impacts changed from the initial estimates, revealing that CTM-only results should be evaluated with observations. Assessment with RM results at six US locations showed that the hybrid results differ somewhat from commonly resolved sources. The hybrid method also resolved sources that typical RM methods do not capture without extra measurement information on unique tracers. The method can be readily applied to large domains and long (such as multi-annual) time periods to provide source impact estimates for management- and health-related studies.

Source Apportionment of Airborne Fine Particulate Matter in an Underground Mine

2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob D. McDonald ◽  
Barbara Zielinska ◽  
John C. Sagebiel ◽  
Mark R. McDaniel ◽  
Pierre Mousset-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Underground Mine ◽  
Fine Particulate
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