scholarly journals Navigating assumptions of wildlife viewing impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Ellett ◽  
Seth Gibbons ◽  
Jessica Gilbert ◽  
Jesann Gonzalez Cruz ◽  
Ariful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Viewing

The Value of Private Non-Industrial Forestland for Wildlife Species Conservation

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly A. Johnson ◽  
Timm Kroeger ◽  
Josh Horn ◽  
Alison E. Adams ◽  
Damian C. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Wildlife Viewing ◽  
Animal Habitat

Animals in Florida provide a variety of benefits to people, from recreation (fishing, hunting, or wildlife viewing) to protection of human life and property (oysters and corals provide reef structures that help protect coasts from erosion and flooding). By measuring the economic value of these benefits, we can assign a monetary value to the habitats that sustain these species and assess the value that is lost when development or other human-based activities degrade animal habitat. This 5-page fact sheet presents the results of a study that assessed the value of protecting five animal species in Florida and showed the economic value of protecting animal habitat.

Wildlife Viewing: The Significance of the Viewing Platforms

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2&3) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E.S. Higham ◽  
D. Lusseau ◽  
W. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Viewing

scholarly journals The importance of vegetation density for tourists’ wildlife viewing experience and satisfaction in African savannah ecosystems

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e0185793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugo Arbieu ◽  
Claudia Grünewald ◽  
Matthias Schleuning ◽  
Katrin Böhning-Gaese
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Wildlife Viewing ◽  
Viewing Experience

Tourism and little penguins: a comparative study of survival and reproductive parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Philippa Agnew ◽  
David M. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Success ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nest Sites ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Wildlife Viewing

Abstract ContextTourism operations that provide the opportunity for wildlife viewing can support conservation management through public education, habitat protection, population management, research activities and revenue generation. However, alongside these potential benefits there can be negative effects on the species that include the possibility of reduced breeding success, survival and, subsequently, population growth. AimWe sought to establish whether a tourism operation affected little penguins Eudyptula minor by comparing reproductive and survival parameters of two managed populations in Oamaru, New Zealand. One population was the focus of a tourism operation, whereas the other (located nearby) did not provide any public access. The tourism operation implemented strategies to reduce human disturbance, including the reduction of noise, light and movement from visitors during viewing, and by ensuring that visitors were restricted to designated viewing areas. MethodsNesting boxes were installed at both colonies that facilitated weekly monitoring of the populations. The monitoring program (1993–2017) included weekly checks of every nesting box in the colony for the presence of eggs, chicks and adults. Chicks were weighed before fledging, and both fledglings and breeding adults were individually marked. Key resultsLay dates, breeding success, chick fledge mass and survival rates were not measurably different between the two populations, indicating that there was little evidence of negative effects on the penguins at the tourist site. ConclusionsThe slight differences observed between the colonies during the time series were attributed to environmental damage sustained at the non-tourist site and a difference in the proportion of un-monitored nest sites available to the penguins when the study was initiated. ImplicationsNotwithstanding the present findings, long-term and consistent monitoring of wildlife populations facing increasing pressure from tourism is essential to ensure effects are detected and that management procedures implemented to reduce potential effects.

scholarly journals Encouraging Safe Wildlife Viewing in National Parks: Effects of a Communication Campaign on Visitors’ Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie M. Abrams ◽  
Kirsten Leong ◽  
Sara Melena ◽  
Tara Teel
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Communication Campaign ◽  
Wildlife Viewing

scholarly journals Wildlife viewing: The impact of money-back guarantees

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Kubo ◽  
Taro Mieno ◽  
Koichi Kuriyama
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Viewing ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Social media reveals consistently disproportionate tourism pressure on a threatened marine vertebrate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Papafitsoros ◽  
Aliki Panagopoulou ◽  
Gail Schofield
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtle ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Photo Identification ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Wildlife Viewing ◽  
Media Data

AbstractEstablishing how wildlife viewing pressure is distributed across individual animals within a population can inform the management of this activity, and ensure targeted individuals or groups are sufficiently protected. Here, we used social media data to quantify whether tourism pressure varies in a loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) population and elucidate potential implications. Laganas Bay (Zakynthos, Greece) supports both breeding (migratory, and hence transient) and foraging (resident) turtles, with turtle viewing representing a major component of the tourism industry. Social media entries spanning two seasons (April to November, 2018 and 2019) were evaluated, and turtles were identified via photo-identification. For both years, 1684 and 2105 entries of 139 and 122 unique turtles were obtained from viewings, respectively (boats and underwater combined). However, while residents represented less than one-third of uniquely identified turtles, they represented 81.9% and 87.9% of all entries. Even when the seasonal breeding population was present (May to July), residents represented more than 60% entries. Of note, the same small number of resident turtles (<10), mostly males, were consistently viewed in both years; however, different individuals were targeted by boats versus underwater. Thus, turtles appear to use and remain in the area despite high viewing intensity, possibly indicating low disturbance. However, photo-identification records revealed a high risk of propeller and boat strike to residents (30%) leading to trauma and mortality. To reduce this threat and ease viewing pressure, we recommend the compulsory use of propeller guards for all boats and the creation of temporary “refuge” zones for resident animals at viewing hotspots, with these suggestions likely being relevant for other wildlife with similar population dynamics. In conclusion, social media represents a useful tool for monitoring individuals at a population scale, evaluating the pressure under which they are placed, and providing sufficient data to refine wildlife viewing guidelines and/or zoning.

scholarly journals Nature Conservation and Nature-Based Tourism: A Paradox?

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle D. Wolf ◽  
David B. Croft ◽  
Ronda J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Management Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
Visitor Impacts ◽  
Wildlife Viewing

Throughout the world, areas have been reserved for their exceptional environmental values, such as high biodiversity. Financial, political and community support for these protected areas is often dependent on visitation by nature-based tourists. This visitation inevitably creates environmental impacts, such as the construction and maintenance of roads, tracks and trails; trampling of vegetation and erosion of soils; and propagation of disturbance of resilient species, such as weeds. This creates tension between the conservation of environmental values and visitation. This review examines some of the main features of environmental impacts by nature-based tourists through a discussion of observational and manipulative studies. It explores the disturbance context and unravels the management implications of detecting impacts and understanding their causes. Regulation of access to visitor areas is a typical management response, qualified by the mode of access (e.g., vehicular, ambulatory). Managing access and associated impacts are reviewed in relation to roads, tracks and trails; wildlife viewing; and accommodations. Responses to visitor impacts, such as environmental education and sustainable tour experiences are explored. The review concludes with ten recommendations for further research in order to better resolve the tension between nature conservation and nature-based tourism.

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