scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Tree Decline Losses Among Navel Orange Trees on Swingle Citrumelo Rootstock in Two Central Florida Citrus Groves

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Castle ◽  
T. R. Gottwald
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Tree Decline ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

Thysanoptera Collected during Bloom on White and Colored Disposable Sticky Cards in Florida Citrus Groves

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Childers ◽  
S. Nakahara ◽  
R. J. Beshear
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Southwest Florida ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Thrips Species ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Prevalent Species

During February through April between 1990 and 1993, 86 species of thrips (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia and Tubulifera) were identified from disposable colored sticky cards in navel orange groves in Polk and Osceola counties (46 species) and Hendry and Lee counties (75 species) in central and southwestern Florida, respectively. Only 33 species were collected in both central and southwestern Florida. Of the 86 species identified, 37 are phytophagous of which 12 feed on plants of the Graminae, 17 are known predators or species belonging in genera that include predators, 28 species are fungivorous or saprophytic and the feeding habits of the remaining 4 species are unknown. Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) was the most prevalent species on sticky cards during 1990 with frequencies of 82 and 79% of slide-mounted specimens identified from the Hendry Co. sites, respectively. During 1991, F. bispinosa accounted for 91 and 96%, respectively, of the slide-mounted specimens from the Chain-O-Lakes and Raley sites in central Florida. During 1992, F. bispinosa accounted for 95% of the identified Frankliniella species from the southwest Florida site compared with 5% of F. kelliae Sakimura. During 1993, F. bispinosa accounted for 96 and 98% of the slide-mounted thrips identified from two series of experiments using different colored cards in southwest and central Florida, respectively. During 1990 in southwest Florida, other thrips species collected from sticky cards with frequencies of 1% or more included: Arorathrips spiniceps (Hood) (3%), Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford, D. L.) (1%), Adraneothrips pallidus (Watson) (1%), Gastrothrips callipus Hood (3%), Hoplandrothrips raptor (Crawford) (4%), Leptothrips cassiae Watson (1%), L. macroocellatus Watson (2%), and Neurothrips magnafemoralis (Hinds) (1%). During 1991 in central Florida, other thrips species collected from sticky cards with frequencies of 1% or more included: A. spiniceps (2%) and M. abdominalis (1%). In 1992, thrips species collected in Hendry Co. included: A. spiniceps (2%), F. insularis (Franklin) (10%), F. kelliae Sakimura (4%), M. abdominalis (3%), and Adraneothrips pallidus (4%).

TRAP DESIGNS FOR MONITORING EMERGENCE OF FRANKLINIELLA BISPINOSA (MORGAN) (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE) FROM SOIL IN CITRUS GROVES

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-456
Author(s):  
C.C. Childers
Keyword(s):  
Navel Orange ◽  
Citrus Grove ◽  
Shell Vial ◽  
Wooden Frame ◽  
Emergence Trap ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
Trap Placement ◽  
Citrus Trees

AbstractThree emergence trap designs were evaluated for effectiveness in collecting adult Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from beneath and between citrus trees in Florida. Trap A [a wooden-frame 30- by 30-cm (= 900 cm2) square trap with removable Plexiglas® lid coated with Tangle-Trap® adhesive] was effective in trapping F. bispinosa adults whereas trap B [a polyvinylchloride (PVC) round trap with a centered 3.7-mL capacity shell vial] was ineffective. Trap A was as effective in collecting emerging F. bispinosa adults as trap C [a PVC round trap with a 30-cm-diameter (= 706.5 cm2) removable adhesive-coated Plexiglas lid]. Comparative costs for trap construction, maintenance, and insect counting are all higher for trap A compared with trap C. Trap placement beneath citrus trees 15 cm from the trunk or just inside the dripline of the canopy provided similar thrips catches in two citrus grove sites. Both interior and dripline trap positions beneath "navel" orange trees had significantly higher numbers of F. bispinosa than did traps exposed within rows between these trees.

scholarly journals (330) Growth and Nutritional Response of Six Citrus Rootstocks to Increasing Levels of Copper

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1066A-1066
Author(s):  
Joseph Albano ◽  
Kim Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Volkamer Lemon ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

Nutrient disorders related to excessive levels of copper in soils are common in Florida citrus groves that have been under production for many years, mainly due to the continual use of copper-containing pesticides. The objectives of the study were to investigate the growth and nutritional response of six citrus rootstocks (nonbudded) grown in 4-L containers in sand to increasing concentrations of copper. The rootstocks included: Swingle citrumelo (Citrusparadisi Macf. × Poncirus trifoliata [L.] Raf.), Volkamer lemon (C. volkameriana Ten. and Pasq.), Cleopatra mandarin (Citrusreticulata Blanco), Flying Dragon (P. trifoliata); and two new USDA series rootstocks, US-812 (Sunki mandarin × P. trifoliata released in 2001), and US-897 (a hybrid of Cleopatra × Flying Dragon not yet released). Copper was supplied at 0.05, 0.25, 1.00, and 2.00 mg·L-1 CuEDTA incorporated into a modified Hoagland's nutrient solution. As a mean of all Cu treatments, whole plant Cu levels (μg·g-1) were: Flying Dragon, 17.33; US-897, 21.68; Cleopatra, 27.33; US-812, 28.84; Swingle, 29.74; and Volkamer, 34.05. As a mean of all Cu treatments, foliar Cu levels (μg·g-1) were greatest and least in US-812 (7.74) and Cleopatra (4.05), respectively; and root Cu levels (μg·g-1) were greatest and least in Volkamer (61.08) and Flying Dragon (30.08), respectively.

Meteorological Problems in the Forecasting of Citrus Insect Infestations *

1955 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 436-439
Author(s):  
Robert M. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Citrus Red Mite ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Insect Infestations ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Meteorological Problems

As a basis for forecasting infestations, data on insect and mite populations have been collected from 130 representative central Florida citrus groves at monthly intervals during a four year period. To some extent, forecasts can be based on recurring annual cycles, but to obtain a higher degree of precision, information must be obtained on the factors which regulate populations. Weather conditions affect the life span and mortality of insects and mites directly, and also indirectly through effects on the abundance and efficiency of parasites, predators and diseases. December temperatures have been found to be a factor in the abundance of six-spotted mites in succeeding months through June. The populations of this and the citrus red mite are inversely correlated with rainfall. Other temperature and moisture relations have been established but extensive further microclimatological studies are needed.

scholarly journals 567 Effects of Mancozeb, NOVA, GA, and Yeast-like Fungi on Stylar-end Russeting of Navel Orange

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 544B-544
Author(s):  
E.W. Stover ◽  
M. Myers ◽  
R.M. Sonoda ◽  
Z. Guo
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Pome Fruit ◽  
Liquid Suspension ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Repeated Applications ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Orange Trees

Stylar-end russetting (SER) is a cosmetic defect of Florida citrus fruit most frequently associated with navel orange. SER is evident as spots or streaks of corky tissue that often form a network of intersecting lines. Occurrence of SER is reported to vary widely from year to year, but some orchards have a history of severe SER, with fruit culled annually for this defect. Growers report that SER is typically first evident in August. The cause of SER has not been determined. Reports of yeast-like fungi inducing russet in pome fruit suggest that similar organisms may be implicated in SER. Yeast-like fungi were isolated on acid PDA from navel oranges in an orchard with frequent severe SER. Strains were selected with a wide range of colony morphology, but were not identified taxonomically. These strains, and strains of Aureobasidium pullulans and Rhodotorula glutinis that caused russetting in pome fruit, were grown in liquid suspension and sprayed on navel orange trees with three repeated applications during July and Aug. 1998. No increase in SER was observed on strain-inoculated trees compared to controls. Two broad-spectrum fungicides were sprayed on other navel orange trees to further explore the possibility that fungi may be involved in SER. GA (gibberellic acid) was also applied in this experiment because it can reduce russetting in apples. All applications were made five times at 3-week intervals in June through Sept 1998. SER was assessed in fruit harvested late Sept. 1998. The proportion of fruit with less than 10% of the surface exhibiting SER was 51% for controls, increased to 69% where myclobutanil was applied at 74 mg a.i./L and increased further to 93% where manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate was applied at 1775 mg a.i./L. GA did not significantly influence SER.

scholarly journals Rimsulfuron Tank Mixed with Flumioxazin, Pendimethalin, or Oryzalin for Control of Broadleaf Weeds in Citrus

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit J. Jhala ◽  
Analiza H.M. Ramirez ◽  
Megh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Control Option ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Florida Citrus

Herbicides are usually applied multiple times by growers for season long weed control in Florida citrus (Citrus sp.). Rimsulfuron, a sulfonylurea herbicide has been recently registered for control of certain grasses and broadleaf weeds in citrus. To increase the weed control spectrum and reduce application cost, citrus growers often prefer to tank mix herbicides. Field experiments were conducted in 2010 and 2011 in citrus groves in central Florida to evaluate weed control efficacy and crop safety of rimsulfuron applied alone or in tank mixes with flumioxazin, pendimethalin, or oryzalin. Herbicides were applied sequentially in spring and fall in both years on the same experimental plot. Results suggested that rimsulfuron applied alone controlled >80% broadleaf and grass weeds up to 30 days after treatment (DAT) and was comparable to tank mixing rimsulfuron with pendimethalin or oryzalin; however, control was reduced beyond 30 DAT. Rimsulfuron tank mixed with flumioxazin was the most effective treatment at 30 and 60 DAT that provided, respectively, ≥88% and >75%, control of broadleaf weeds including brazil pusley (Richardia brasiliensis), dog fennel (Eupatorium capillifolium), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), cotton weed (Froelichia floridana), and virginia pepperweed (Virginia virginicum) compared with other treatments. Control of natalgrass (Melinis repens) was higher in all tank mix treatments compared with rimsulfuron applied alone with no difference among tank mix partners. Rimsulfuron tank mixed with pendimethalin or oryzalin had no advantage over rimsulfuron applied alone for control of broadleaf weeds. Among sequential applications, weed control was better after fall herbicide application (August) compared with spring (April) because of residual activity of fall applied herbicides. Rimsulfuron tank mixed with flumioxazin will provide citrus growers with an additional weed control option.

scholarly journals Incidence and Severity of Asiatic Citrus Canker on Diverse Citrus and Citrus-related Germplasm in a Florida Field Planting

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Stover ◽  
Randall Driggers ◽  
Matthew L. Richardson ◽  
David G. Hall ◽  
Yongping Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
East Central ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Ambient Exposure ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Parametric Analyses

Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri (Xcc) is the causal agent of Asiatic citrus canker (ACC), a commercially important disease in Florida citrus as well as in many other regions. In this study we evaluated occurrence of foliar lesions from ACC on progenies of 94 seed-source genotypes (hereafter called “parent genotypes”) of Citrus and Citrus relatives in the field in east–central Florida to identify the relative susceptibility to ACC. Eight seedlings per parent genotype were planted in a randomized complete block planting, but the number of plants assessed in some genotype groups was reduced by mortality at some or all sampling dates. Plants experienced ambient exposure to high Xcc inoculum pressure and plants were assessed in Sept. 2010, July 2011, Oct. 2011, May 2012, and Sept. 2012. The incidence and severity of ACC lesions were assessed and evaluated using non-parametric analyses to compare progeny from the 94 parent genotypes. Progeny of 14 parent genotypes did not exhibit ACC symptoms at any date. All were in genera other than Citrus with only Microcitrus and Eremocitrus being cross-compatible with Citrus. The kumquat hybrid C. halimii, two accessions of C. reticulata, C. nobilis, and C. sunki were the only Citrus species in the group that had a low severity (percent total leaf area showing symptoms) on each date of assessment. The aforementioned accessions had an average incidence and severity of ACC lesions of less than 4% in 2011 and 2012, but 26% to 38% in 2010 when no chemical control for ACC was applied in the adjoining citrus groves at our field site. Fourteen of the 16 progeny of C. reticulata and related parent genotypes were in the group with the lowest incidence and severity of ACC on two or more assessment dates. However, for analysis of only the most symptomatic leaves on each plant, 10 C. reticulata parent genotype progenies were in the most resistant category on the Sept. 2012 assessment despite having a low incidence and severity of ACC symptoms overall. Progeny of Poncirus and its hybrids as well as those of C. maxima, C. limon, and related species were the most severely diseased at all assessment dates. There were few instances in which progeny of different accessions of the same species had markedly different responses to ACC: progeny of C. reticulata ‘Fremont’ displayed more severe ACC compared with several other C. reticulata groups and C. aurantium ‘Zhuluan’ displayed much lower incidence and severity of ACC compared with several other accessions designated C. aurantium. Information on ACC susceptibility in diverse Citrus and Citrus relatives may prove useful for breeding programs aimed at reducing ACC susceptibility and will be of value to researchers interested in mechanisms of ACC resistance and susceptibility.

Relative Abundance of Frankliniella bispinosa and Other Species of Thysanoptera Emerging from Soil Beneath ‘Navel’ Orange Trees in Florida During Spring Flowering

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Childers ◽  
S. Nakahara ◽  
R. J. Beshear
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Southwest Florida ◽  
The Family ◽  
Emergence Traps ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
Citrus Trees

Sixteen species of thrips in three families were identified from slide-mounted specimens collected from emergence traps placed beneath and between citrus trees in southwest and central Florida between 1989 and 1992. Species in the family Thripidae included: Chirothrips spiniceps (Hood), Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan), F. kelliae Sakimura, Microcephalothrips abdominalis (D. L. Crawford), Scirtothrips sp., and Scolothrips pallidus (Beach); in the family Aeolothripidae: Stomatothrips crawfordi Stannard; and the family Phlaeothripidae: Adraneothrips decorus Hood, Aleurodothrips fasciapennis (Franklin), Eurythrips sp., Haplothrips gowdeyi (Franklin), Hoplandrothrips raptor (Crawford), Hoplothrips marginalis (Hood), Leptothrips cassiae Hood, L. macroocellatus Watson, and Nesothrips lativentris (Karny). F. bispinosa was the most abundant species comprising 84 to 99% of the thrips collected from emergence traps. F. kelliae was the second most abundant species with frequencies ranging from 3 to 12% in Lee and Hendry counties. No propupal or pupal stages of Frankliniella spp. were recovered from ground traps placed beneath the dripline of navel orange trees during flowering cycles at either location in southwest Florida. Only first and second instars and adults of F. bispinosa were collected from the ground traps.

Identification and Management of Clustered Pellitory (Parietaria praetermissa) in Citrus Groves

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (5) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Ramdas Kanissery ◽  
Biwek Gairhe ◽  
Brent Sellers ◽  
Steve Futch
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Spray Pattern ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Heavy Infestation

In Florida, clustered pellitory is becoming a troublesome weed for citrus, especially from the winter through early summer. Inadequate management of this weed can result in its heavy infestation in tree rows and can interrupt the spray pattern of low-volume drip irrigation systems. This new 3-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department will assist Florida citrus growers with proper identification of clustered pellitory and with adoption of adequate and timely strategies to manage this weed in their groves. Written by Ramdas Kanissery, Biwek Gairhe, Brent Sellers, and Steve Futch. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1341

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