Rethinking our approach to gender and disasters: Needs, responsibilities, and solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Montano, MS ◽  
Amanda Savitt, MS
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles

Objective: To explore how the existing literature has discussed the vulnerability and needs of women in a disaster context. It will consider the literature's suggestions of how to minimize vulnerability and address the needs of women, including who involved in emergency management should be responsible for such efforts.Design: Empirical journal articles and book chapters from disaster literature were collected that focused on “women” or “gender,” and their results and recommendations were analyzed.Results: This review found existing empirical research on women during disasters focuses on their vulnerabilities more than their needs. Second, when researchers do suggest solutions, they tend not to be comprehensive or supported by empirical evidence. Finally, it is not clear from existing research who is responsible for addressing these needs and implementing solutions. Conclusions: Future research should study the intersection of gender and disasters in terms of needs and solutions including who is responsible for implementing solutions.

Small-Scale Deliberation and Mass Democracy: A Systematic Review of the Spillover Effects of Deliberative Minipublics

2021 ◽  
pp. 003232172110072
Author(s):  
Ramon van der Does ◽  
Vincent Jacquet
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Mass Democracy

Deliberative minipublics are popular tools to address the current crisis in democracy. However, it remains ambiguous to what degree these small-scale forums matter for mass democracy. In this study, we ask the question to what extent minipublics have “spillover effects” on lay citizens—that is, long-term effects on participating citizens and effects on non-participating citizens. We answer this question by means of a systematic review of the empirical research on minipublics’ spillover effects published before 2019. We identify 60 eligible studies published between 1999 and 2018 and provide a synthesis of the empirical results. We show that the evidence for most spillover effects remains tentative because the relevant body of empirical evidence is still small. Based on the review, we discuss the implications for democratic theory and outline several trajectories for future research.

Known and Unknown Aspects of Workplace Bullying: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature and Future Research Agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Gupta ◽  
Urvashi Gupta ◽  
Simran Wadhwa
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences

Last decades showed a high interest in studying the workplace bullying (WB) phenomenon in a variety of disciplines and in a number of WB areas such as concepts and forms of WB, antecedents and consequences of WB, WB interventions, etc. This study offers classification and description of current WB literature, and identifies research gaps to be bridged by further empirical research. In the first part, authors systematically review 167 refereed journal articles, classify the WB research into five main research themes and summarize their findings. In the second part, the article uncovers various unknown aspects of WB and provides concrete directions for future empirical research. Thrust areas of attention are highlighted for industry and policy makers.

scholarly journals Distributional Effects of Globalization in Developing Countries

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg ◽  
Nina Pavcnik
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Distributional Effects

The authors discuss recent empirical research on how globalization has affected income inequality in developing countries. They begin with a discussion of conceptual issues regarding the measurement of globalization and inequality. Next, they present empirical evidence on the evolution of globalization and inequality in several developing countries during the 1980s and 1990s. The authors then examine the channels through which globalization may have affected inequality, discussing theory and evidence in parallel. They conclude with directions for future research.

Giving the Reasonable Patient a Voice: Information Disclosure and the Relevance of Empirical Evidence

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alasdair MaClean
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expert Evidence ◽  
Risk Disclosure ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
English Law

In England the standard of risk disclosure required of doctors to avoid liability in negligence is governed by the Bolam test. The test is determined by what would be accepted as reasonable by the responsible doctor. Although able to lay down an independent standard, the courts have usually been guided by the medical expert's evidence. The judge's duty to scrutinise expert evidence was reaffirmed by the recent House of Lords ruling in Bolitho v City and Hackney HA. 1 In Pearce v United Bristol Healthcare NHS Trust, 2 Lord Woolf MR confirmed that this also applied to risk disclosure. Brazier & Miola argue that Pearce effectively introduces the prudent patient standard into English law. 3 This paper examines that claim and considers whether it is justified by the Pearce judgment. The implications of Pearce are explored and, given the appeal to the concept of a material risk, I discuss the relevance of empirical research to determining the standard of disclosure. Finally, a small piece of empirical work is presented as an illustration of the pros and cons of such an approach and as a possible springboard for future research.

Armchair Arguments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Lafollette
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Burden Of Proof ◽  
Gun Control ◽  
Know How

Valuable armchair arguments are shaped by significant reservoirs of knowledge, albeit knowledge that lies in their background, rather than the foreground. So understood armchair arguments are essential to any serious investigation of the issue of gun control. They help establish the burden of proof: they show what it is reasonable to believe if the rights-based arguments and the empirical evidence are less than compelling. They inform the arguments about the serious right to bear arms. They are essential in seeking and evaluating empirical evidence: they enable researchers to know how to structure empirical research and how to interpret their findings.

What Can We Learn About Research on Parental Involvement in School? Bibliometric and Thematic Analyses of Academic Journals

2021 ◽  
pp. 004208592110179
Author(s):  
Audrey Addi-Raccah ◽  
Paola Dusi ◽  
Noa Seeberger Tamir
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Thematic Review

We present an empirical overview of current research in the area of parental involvement (PI) based on a bibliometric analysis of 544 articles published between 2014 and 2018, and a thematic review of 39 of the Q1-journal articles in the sample, which contributed to a more detailed illustration of the knowledge base of PI research. The findings reveal an ongoing increase in the intensity of research in five distinct foci. The research is shown to be largely urban- and US-centric and dominated by diverse psychological and sociological perspectives. Implications and avenues for future research have been suggested.

scholarly journals Systematic Design and Evaluation of a Citation Function Classification Scheme in Indonesian Journals

Publications ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Yaniasih Yaniasih ◽  
Indra Budi
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Citation Function ◽  
Compilation Process ◽  
Long Short Term Memory

Classifying citations according to function has many benefits when it comes to information retrieval tasks, scholarly communication studies, and ranking metric developments. Many citation function classification schemes have been proposed, but most of them have not been systematically designed for an extensive literature-based compilation process. Many schemes were also not evaluated properly before being used for classification experiments utilizing large datasets. This paper aimed to build and evaluate new citation function categories based upon sufficient scientific evidence. A total of 2153 citation sentences were collected from Indonesian journal articles for our dataset. To identify the new categories, a literature survey was conducted, analyses and groupings of category meanings were carried out, and then categories were selected based on the dataset’s characteristics and the purpose of the classification. The evaluation used five criteria: coherence, ease, utility, balance, and coverage. Fleiss’ kappa and automatic classification metrics using machine learning and deep learning algorithms were used to assess the criteria. These methods resulted in five citation function categories. The scheme’s coherence and ease of use were quite good, as indicated by an inter-annotator agreement value of 0.659 and a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) F1-score of 0.93. According to the balance and coverage criteria, the scheme still needs to be improved. This research data was limited to journals in food science published in Indonesia. Future research will involve classifying the citation function using a massive dataset collected from various scientific fields and published from some representative countries, as well as applying improved annotation schemes and deep learning methods.

Designing an Emergency Management Simulation Testbed to Investigate Incident Management Team Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1881-1885
Author(s):  
Changwon Son ◽  
Farzan Sasangohar ◽  
S. Camille Peres ◽  
Jukrin Moon
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Management Team ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
Management Domain ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Complex Phenomena

Investigating real-life disasters and crises has been challenging due to accompanying difficulties and risks posed by these complex phenomena. Previous research in the emergency management domain has largely relied on qualitative approaches to describe the event after it occurred. To facilitate investigations for more generalizable findings, this paper documents ongoing efforts to design an emergency management simulation testbed called Team Emergency Operations Simulation (TEOS) in which an incident management team (IMT) is situated. First, we describe the design process based on our previous work. Next, we present the overall description of TEOS including representative roles, tasks, and team environments. We also propose measures of team performance of the IMT and propose future research that can be realized through TEOS.

scholarly journals Blockchain Technology in the Food Industry: A Review of Potentials, Challenges and Future Research Directions

Logistics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Abderahman Rejeb ◽  
John G. Keogh ◽  
Suhaiza Zailani ◽  
Horst Treiblmaier ◽  
Karim Rejeb
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Illicit Trade ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Business Customers

Blockchain technology has emerged as a promising technology with far-reaching implications for the food industry. The combination of immutability, enhanced visibility, transparency and data integrity provides numerous benefits that improve trust in extended food supply chains (FSCs). Blockchain can enhance traceability, enable more efficient recall and aids in risk reduction of counterfeits and other forms of illicit trade. Moreover, blockchain can enhance the integrity of credence claims such as sustainably sourced, organic or faith-based claims such as kosher or halal by integrating the authoritative source of the claim (e.g., the certification body or certification owner) into the blockchain to verify the claim integrity and reassure business customers and end consumers. Despite the promises and market hype, a comprehensive overview of the potential benefits and challenges of blockchain in FSCs is still missing. To bridge this knowledge gap, we present the findings from a systematic review and bibliometric analysis of sixty-one (61) journal articles and synthesize existing research. The main benefits of blockchain technology in FCSs are improved food traceability, enhanced collaboration, operational efficiencies and streamlined food trading processes. Potential challenges include technical, organizational and regulatory issues. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our research and present several ideas for future research.

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