Benchmarking emergency preparedness and response practices in the process industry

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Keren ◽  
Harry H. West ◽  
M. Sam Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Process Industry ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response

Process safety of a chemical plant encompasses several layers of protection. Control measures, shutdown systems, release absorption, accumulation of releases by dikes, and protection by barriers are layers of protection that are intended to prevent the development of an event. Emergency response is the next line of defense to control an event or, in case of loss of control, to minimize the consequences. However, a reliable response to an emergency event requires planning. This paper presents results of a benchmarking study of practices of emergency preparedness and response of 15 facilities in the process industry.

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE IN CASE OF RADIATION ACCIDENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
L Kalynenko ◽  
N Kymakovska
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Radiation Accidents ◽  
Emergency Personnel ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response ◽  
Operating Organization ◽  
High Level

In Ukraine the activities aimed at prevention of radioactive accidents are conducted on a high level. Among these, a system of preparedness and emergency response is of great importance. This work describes the experience of collaboration of central executive authorities, functional and territorial subsystems of general state civil protection system and operating organizations within the framework of the system of preparedness and emergency response to radiation and nuclear accidents. This is done for popularization and using of this experience in other spheres of man-made safety. An important aspect of management of radiation emergencies is the ability to respond immediately and adequately, that is, emergency response. This requires is to identify the response strategy in accordance with the dynamic of the situation, namely: needs in organizing protective measures, actions for protection the population and emergency personnel, using of all available information for the assessment of radiation situation. Emergency Response is defined by IAEA as implementation of measures aimed at reducing the disaster consequences for human health and safety and environment. It can also provide the basis for renovation of normal social and economic activity. Accidents with radioactive sources or materials are a broad category, including a source found or radioactive material, contaminated areas or objects, unprotected sources, accidents in laboratories, on industrial or scientific facilities, as well as transport accidents. In case of nuclear or radiation emergency on the operating nuclear stations of Ukraine, central and local authorities should, in accordance with the local legislation, make decisions and act based on the existing institutional and territorial plans, taking into consideration the recommendations of IAEA and operating organization, as well as regulations of other responsible institutions. The data of analysis identified that priority and prospective tasks of functioning and development of the system of Emergency preparedness and response to radiation accidents in Ukraine are prevention and liquidation of nuclear and/or radiation accidents.

The role of 3D-CFD simulation in optimizing pre-emergency responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Nugrahanto Widagdo, MSc, MBA ◽  
Teguh Cahyono, MSc
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response

Consequences of an incident resulted from the release of hazards shall be mitigated to limit the undesirable effects. Emergency preparedness and response should address the duration and severity of the events and also prevent escalation. Therefore, emergency response plans are prepared, along with other related procedures, which are commonly called as preemergency responses. These plans or procedures are quick guidance used by the response team to handle emergency cases especially when it deals with critical equipment or condition. Each plan or case must involve related protection equipment available on site along with sequence for emergency command and hazard analysis.Common analysis provides only the highest magnitude of case or event (worst case scenario), therefore,this information could drive sequential preventive/mitigative actions which require significantly huge company resources to be deployed. To improve efficiency and effectiveness of this strategy, a review of consequence analysis using computational fluid dynamics approach is proposed. Several advantages of using this method are high quality presentation and visualization of phenomenon, ability to provide result monitoring over the period of time, and capacity to use several parameters on the analysis which were not available using the standard approach. Furthermore, this approach can enrich the information contained on the plans/procedures and enhance the quality of the plan representation to match with the actual scenarios. Hence by upgrading this pre-emergency response plans and procedures, it is expected that the emergency preparedness measures will be more comprehensively assessed and ready to provide best and optimum responses in emergencies.

Flood Preparedness: Challenges for Hospitals in Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 978-984
Author(s):  
Uma Langkulsen ◽  
Desire T. Rwodzi ◽  
Marc Van der Putten ◽  
Nitaya Vajanapoom ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response ◽  
Flood Preparedness ◽  
Depth Interviews

Cities are experiencing the need to protect people, natural and man-made resources and productive capacities against the risks posed by climate change related events. This descriptive study examines the flood preparedness of hospitals at sub-district, district, provincial, and regional levels in Thailand. In-depth interviews were conducted at fourteen hospitals in five provinces, including Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Nakhon Pathom, Samut Prakan, and Samut Sakhon provinces. We used content analysis for this qualitative descriptive study. The highlight findings of the study revealed that lack of disaster standard operating procedures for emergency response to flood, lack of risk mapping and vulnerability assessment, and shortage of trained risk communicators. Increasing performance in disaster and emergency preparedness and response in the hospitals is essential. We suggest that the hospitals and relevant government agencies require appropriate mechanism to enhance disaster and emergency preparedness and response. Our findings demonstrate evidence of flood preparedness, which raises concerns regarding holistic approach to disaster and emergency preparedness and response for health needs at all levels that warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Defining Roles for Pharmacy Personnel in Disaster Response and Emergency Preparedness

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alkhalili ◽  
Janice Ma ◽  
Sylvain Grenier
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Emergency Events ◽  
Future Work

AbstractOngoing provision of pharmaceuticals and medical supplies is of key importance during and following a disaster or other emergency event. An effectively coordinated response involving locally available pharmacy personnel—drawing upon the efforts of licensed pharmacists and unlicensed support staff—can help to mitigate harms and alleviate hardship in a community after emergency events. However, pharmacists and their counterparts generally receive limited training in disaster medicine and emergency preparedness as part of their initial qualifications, even in countries with well-developed professional education programs. Pharmacy efforts have also traditionally focused on medical supply activities, more so than on general emergency preparedness. To facilitate future work between pharmacy personnel on an international level, our team undertook an extensive review of the published literature describing pharmacists’ experiences in responding to or preparing for both natural and manmade disasters. In addition to identifying key activities that must be performed, we have developed a classification scheme for pharmacy personnel. We believe that this framework will enable pharmacy personnel working in diverse practice settings to identify and undertake essential actions that are necessary to ensure an effective emergency response and will promote better collaboration between pharmacy team members during actual disaster situations. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:496–504)

scholarly journals (A333) The Potential use of Social Media in Animal Emergency Response

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s93-s94
Author(s):  
H. Case
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Animal Shelter ◽  
Medical Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response

Social networking has been utilized for information sharing and communication since the beginning of time. Current communication technology allows for rapid information sharing across social networks through the increased utilization of social media—Facebook, Twitter, Flickr etc. Social media tools have been used increasingly in recent emergency response efforts including the response to the 2010 earthquake in Haiti and the BP oil spill in the US Gulf Coast. Veterinarians have been engaged in emergency preparedness and response activities for many years. The American Veterinary Medical Association founded in 1863 and representing approximately 83% of United States veterinarians and the American Veterinary Medical Foundation, established by the AVMA in 1963, have been active in emergency preparedness and response including the development of a world class veterinary disaster response program (VMAT) since 1993. Animals and humans share a special bond in the United States. According to the 2007 AVMA U.S. Pet Ownership and Demographics Sourcebook there are 72 million dogs, 81.7 million cats, 11.2 million birds and 7.3 million horses in U.S. households. Approximately 60 percent of all U.S. households own at least one pet and 64 percent own more than one pet. Following Hurricane Katrina in 2005 thousands of animals received veterinary medical care at the Lamar Dixon Animal Shelter in Baton Rouge, LA. Social networking was utilized by responders to obtain supplies yet current social media capabilities were not utilized to enhance veterinary medical response and care at the largest disaster animal shelter in US history. Several challenges (volunteer management, lack of veterinary supplies, and referral of critical veterinary patients etc.) in veterinary disaster response could be met through utilization of targeted social media messaging. Social media has the potential to enhance the efficiency and quality of disaster veterinary medical response now and into the future.

The Impact of Teen Community Emergency Response Team Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mark Patrick Ryan
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
School Students ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response ◽  
The Impact

A study of 481 high school students who completed Teen Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) training using the Federal Emergency Management Agency CERT curriculum was conducted over a five-year period, with the objective of identifying the impacts of that training. Through both quantitative and qualitative data collection, the researcher found that a highly engaging emergency response curriculum has multiple positive impacts on teens completing the course. Those impacts include explicit knowledge and skills of emergency preparedness and response, college and career goal orientation enhancement, as well as enhancement to self-efficacy, self-confidence, self-esteem, and self-concept. Replicating such curricula and comprehensive training program at other secondary schools could have a very positive impact on the emergency preparedness and response capacity of communities where it is implemented.

The Message of “APEC Blue” for the Prevention and Control of Urban Air Pollution in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 1650027
Author(s):  
Rong ZHU
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Urban Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutant ◽  
And Control

Analysis of the meteorological conditions for atmospheric pollutant dispersion before and after the 2014 APEC meeting shows very significant effects of air pollution prevention and control measures on the meeting. It proves that the proper measures to control air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region are: establishing a regional emergency response mechanism to reduce emissions in the case of heavy air pollution, strengthening the local emergency response measures for emission reduction, and enhancing the early warning system for weather conditions conducive to heavy air pollution.

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