scholarly journals Rapid calculation of a Centroid Moment Tensor and waveheight predictions around the north Pacific for the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 541-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jascha Polet ◽  
Hong Kie Thio
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Moment Tensor ◽  
Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
Centroid Moment Tensor ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Rapid Calculation ◽  
The North Pacific

REVIEW OF THE TREMATODE GENERA BACCIGER AND PENTAGRAMMA (FELLODISTOMATIDAE) AND DESCRIPTION OF P. PETROWI (LAYMAN, 1930) N. COMB. FROM MARINE FISHES FROM THE PACIFIC COAST OF CANADA

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Margolis ◽  
Hilda Lei Ching
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Type B ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
North Pacific Region ◽  
The North Pacific

The generic diagnoses of Bacciger and Pentagramma are emended. Recognized as members of the genus Bacciger are the type, B. bacciger (Rudolphi, 1819), from the Mediterranean, Black, and Azov Seas; B. nicolli Palombi, 1934, from Atlantic waters near the British Isles; and B. opisthonemae Nahhas and Cable, 1964, from Jamaican waters. Pentagramma consist of P. symmetricum Chnlkova, 1939, the type, from the Black and Azov Seas and P. petrowi (Layman, 1930) n. comb, from the northern part of the North Pacific region. Synonyms of P. petrowi are Monorcheides(?) petrowi Layman, 1930: Orientophorus sayori Yamaguti, 1942; Faustula sayori (Yamaguti, 1942); Orientophorus petrowi (Layman, 1930); and Bacciger petrowi (Layman, 1930). Pentagramma petrowi is redescribed and additional details of morphology are included for P. symmetricum, B. bacciger, and B. nicolli. Measurements of the species discussed and extensive host and locality records are tabulated.

Geographical restriction as a guide to the causes of extinction: the case of the cold northern oceans during the Neogene

Paleobiology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geerat J. Vermeij
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Late Neogene ◽  
The North Pacific

Geographical restriction to refuges implies the regional extinction of taxa in areas of the previous range falling outside the refuge. A comparison of the circumstances in the refuge with those in areas from which the taxa were eliminated is potentially informative for pinpointing the causes of extinction. A synthesis of data on the geographical and stratigraphical distributions of cool-water molluscs of the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans during the late Neogene reveals four patterns of geographical restriction, at least two of which imply that climatic cooling was not the only cause of extinction during the last several million years. These four patterns are (1) the northwestern Pacific restriction, involving 15 taxa whose amphi-Pacific distributions during the late Neogene became subsequently restricted to the Asian side of the Pacific; (2) the northwestern Atlantic restriction, involving six taxa whose early Pleistocene distribution is inferred to have been amphi-Atlantic, but whose present-day and late Pleistocene ranges are confined to the northwestern Atlantic; (3) a vicariant Pacific pattern, in which many ancestral amphi-Pacific taxa gave rise to separate eastern and western descendants; and (4) the circumboreal restriction, involving six taxa whose early Pleistocene distribution, encompassing both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, became subsequently limited to the North Pacific. Like the Pliocene extinctions in the Atlantic, previously studied by Stanley and others, the vicariant Pacific pattern is most reasonably interpreted as having resulted from regional extinction of northern populations in response to cooling. The northwestern Pacific and Atlantic restrictions, however, cannot be accounted for in this way. In contrast to the northeastern margins of the Pacific and Atlantic, the northwestern margins are today characterized by wide temperature fluctuations and by extensive development of shore ice in winter. Northeastern, rather than northwestern, restriction would be expected if cooling were the overriding cause of regional extinction. Among the other possible causes of extinction, only a decrease in primary productivity can account for the observed northwestern and circumboreal patterns of restriction. Geographical patterns of body size and the distribution of siliceous deposits provide supporting evidence that primary productivity declined after the Miocene in the northeastern Pacific, but remained high in the northwestern Pacific, and that productivity in the Pacific is generally higher than it is in the Atlantic. The patterns of geographical restriction in the northern oceans thus provide additional support to previous inferences that reductions in primary productivity have played a significant role in marine extinctions.

scholarly journals Synoptic–Dynamic Climatology of Large-Scale Cyclones in the North Pacific

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (12) ◽  
pp. 3567-3587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Keller ◽  
Michael C. Morgan ◽  
David D. Houghton ◽  
Ross A. Lazear
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Height Anomaly ◽  
Maximum Frequency ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract A climatology of large-scale, persistent cyclonic flow anomalies over the North Pacific was constructed using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP–NCAR) global reanalysis data for the cold season (November–March) for 1977–2003. These large-scale cyclone (LSC) events were identified as those periods for which the filtered geopotential height anomaly at a given analysis point was at least 100 m below its average for the date for at least 10 days. This study identifies a region of maximum frequency of LSC events at 45°N, 160°W [key point 1 (KP1)] for the entire period. This point is somewhat to the east of regions of maximum height variability noted in previous studies. A second key point (37.5°N, 162.5°W) was defined as the maximum in LSC frequency for the period after November 1988. The authors show that the difference in location of maximum LSC frequency is linked to a climate regime shift at about that time. LSC events occur with a maximum frequency in the period from November through January. A composite 500-hPa synoptic evolution, constructed relative to the event onset, suggests that the upper-tropospheric precursor for LSC events emerges from a quasi-stationary long-wave trough positioned off the east coast of Asia. In the middle and lower troposphere, the events are accompanied by cold thickness advection from a thermal trough over northeastern Asia. The composite mean sea level evolution reveals a cyclone that deepens while moving from the coast of Asia into the central Pacific. As the cyclone amplifies, it slows down in the central Pacific and becomes nearly stationary within a day of onset. Following onset, at 500 hPa, a stationary wave pattern, resembling the Pacific–North American teleconnection pattern, emerges with a ridge immediately downstream (over western North America) and a trough farther downstream (from the southeast coast of the United States into the western North Atlantic). The implications for the resulting sensible weather and predictability of the flow are discussed. An adjoint-derived sensitivity study was conducted for one of the KP1 cases identified in the climatology. The results provide dynamical confirmation of the LSC precursor identification for the events. The upper-tropospheric precursor is seen to play a key role not only in the onset of the lower-tropospheric height falls and concomitant circulation increases, but also in the eastward extension of the polar jet across the Pacific. The evolution of the forecast sensitivities suggest that LSC events are not a manifestation of a modal instability of the time mean flow, but rather the growth of a favorably configured perturbation on the flow.

Notes on Birds Observed at Sea off the North Pacific Coast

The Murrelet ◽  
1933 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
J. E. Guberlet ◽  
R. C. Miller
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific
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