scholarly journals Serologic Response to Treatment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Negative Syphilis Patients Using Automated Serological Tests: Proposals for New Guidelines

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-In Kim ◽  
Ji-Hye Park ◽  
Ju-Yeon Choi ◽  
Ga-Young Lee ◽  
Won-Serk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Serologic Response ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
New Guidelines

scholarly journals Mother-child transmission of Chagas disease: could coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus increase the risk?

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Gustavo Scapellato ◽  
Edgardo Gabriel Bottaro ◽  
María Teresa Rodríguez-Brieschke
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

A study was conducted on all newborns from mothers with Chagas disease who were attended at Hospital Donación F. Santojanni between January 1, 2001, and August 31, 2007. Each child was investigated for the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi parasitemia through direct examination of blood under the microscope using the buffy coat method on three occasions during the first six months of life. Serological tests were then performed. Ninety-four children born to mothers infected with Trypanosoma cruzi were attended over the study period. Three of these children were born to mothers coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Vertical transmission of Chagas disease was diagnosed in 13 children, in all cases by identifying parasitemia. The overall Chagas disease transmission rate was 13.8% (13/94). It was 100% (3/3) among the children born to mothers with HIV infection and 10.9% (10/91) among children born to mothers without HIV [Difference = 0.89; CI95 = 0.82-0.95; p = 0.0021]. We concluded that coinfection with HIV could increase the risk of vertical transmission of Chagas disease.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and epidemiological characteristics associated with human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) infection in HIV-1-explosed but uninfected individuals, and in HIV-1-infected patients from a southern brasilian population

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche ◽  
Ana Maria Bonametti ◽  
Maria Angélica Ehara Watanabe ◽  
Helena Kaminami Morimoto ◽  
Arilson Akira Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Type I ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Hiv 1

The ability to control human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and progression of the disease is regulated by host and viral factors. This cross-sectional study describes the socio-demographic and epidemiological characteristics associated with HIV-1 infection in 1,061 subjects attended in Londrina and region, south of Brazil: 136 healthy individuals (Group 1), 147 HIV-1-exposed but uninfected individuals (Group 2), 161 HIV-1-infected asymptomatic patients (Group 3), and 617 patients with AIDS (Group 4). Data were obtained by a standardized questionnaire and serological tests. The age of the individuals ranged from 15.1 to 79.5 years, 54.0% and 56.1% of the Groups 3 and 4 patients, respectively, were men. The major features of groups 2, 3, and 4 were a predominance of education level up to secondary school (55.8%, 60.2% and 62.4%, respectively), sexual route of exposure (88.4%, 87.0% and 82.0%, respectively), heterosexual behavior (91.8%, 75.2% and 83.7%, respectively), and previous sexually transmitted diseases (20.4%, 32.5%, and 38.1%, respectively). The patients with AIDS showed the highest rates of seropositivity for syphilis (25.6%), of anti-HCV (22.3%), and anti-HTLV I/II obtained by two serological screening tests (6.2% and 6.8%, respectively). The results documenting the predominant characteristics for HIV-1 infection among residents of Londrina and region, could be useful for the improvement of current HIV-1 prevention, monitoring and therapeutic programs targeted at this population.

scholarly journals Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Outcomes of Syphilitic Uveitis in a Chinese Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Jiang Qian ◽  
Jie Guo ◽  
Yifei Yuan ◽  
Kang Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Retinal Vasculitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Posterior Uveitis ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Purpose. To describe the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of syphilitic uveitis in a Chinese population.Methods. This is a retrospective case series of 15 consecutive patients with syphilitic uveitis treated at a uveitis referral center between 2012 and 2015.Results. Fifteen patients were diagnosed with syphilitic uveitis based on positive serological tests. Nine patients were male. Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus was detected in two patients. Twenty eyes presented with panuveitis and all patients had posterior involvement. The most frequent manifestations were retinal vasculitis and papillitis, while syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis was only found in three eyes. All patients received systemic penicillin therapy according to CDC guidelines. Nine patients were misdiagnosed before presenting to our center and the delay in treatment with penicillin was associated with poor final visual outcomes (P<0.05).Conclusions. In our series, both male and female were almost equally affected and coinfection of syphilis with human immunodeficiency virus was uncommon. All patients in this study had posterior involvement and the most common manifestations were retinal vasculitis and papillitis. Syphilis should be considered as an important differential diagnosis especially for posterior uveitis and panuveitis. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important for visual prognosis.

scholarly journals Emergence of CXCR4-Using Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Variants in a Minority of HIV-1-Infected Patients following Treatment with the CCR5 Antagonist Maraviroc Is from a Pretreatment CXCR4-Using Virus Reservoir

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 4909-4920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Westby ◽  
Marilyn Lewis ◽  
Jeannette Whitcomb ◽  
Mike Youle ◽  
Anton L. Pozniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Coreceptor Tropism ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Antagonists of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coreceptor, CCR5, are being developed as the first anti-HIV agents acting on a host cell target. We monitored the coreceptor tropism of circulating virus, screened at baseline for coreceptor tropism, in 64 HIV-1-infected patients who received maraviroc (MVC, UK-427,857) as monotherapy for 10 days. Sixty-two patients harbored CCR5-tropic virus at baseline and had a posttreatment phenotype result. Circulating virus remained CCR5 tropic in 60/62 patients, 51 of whom experienced an HIV RNA reduction from baseline of >1 log10 copies/ml, indicating that CXCR4-using variants were not rapidly selected despite CCR5-specific drug pressure. In two patients, viral load declined during treatment and CXCR4-using virus was detected at day 11. No pretreatment factor predicted the emergence of CXCR4-tropic virus during maraviroc therapy in these two patients. Phylogenetic analysis of envelope (Env) clones from pre- and posttreatment time points indicated that the CXCR4-using variants probably emerged by outgrowth of a pretreatment CXCR4-using reservoir, rather than via coreceptor switch of a CCR5-tropic clone under selection pressure from maraviroc. Phylogenetic analysis was also performed on Env clones from a third patient harboring CXCR4-using virus prior to treatment. This patient was enrolled due to a sample labeling error. Although this patient experienced no overall reduction in viral load in response to treatment, the CCR5-tropic components of the circulating virus did appear to be suppressed while receiving maraviroc as monotherapy. Importantly, in all three patients, circulating virus reverted to predominantly CCR5 tropic following cessation of maraviroc.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the serologic response against two consensus V3 loop peptides from human immunodeficiency virus-1 in Cuban patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johandra Miguez ◽  
José Laferté ◽  
Yahisel Tejero ◽  
Grehete González ◽  
Anseltno J. Otero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
V3 Loop ◽  
Serologic Response ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

scholarly journals Moth-Eaten Essential Syphilitic Alopecia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patient: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Satiti Pudjiati
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
High Risk Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Risk Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Unclear Etiology

Hair loss is rare to be reported as sole manifestation of secondary syphilis. Syphilitic alopecia consists of symptomatic syphilitic alopecia that presents with other secondary syphilis manifestation, and essential syphilitic alopecia which can be patchy ("moth-eaten" type), diffuse, or combination without other manifestations of secondary syphilis. Here we report a case of secondary syphilis in patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that present with moth-eaten alopecia as a sole manifestation. A 35-year-old male with HIV complained hair loss on his scalp and eyebrows. Physical examination showed non scarring moth-eaten alopecia on his scalp and lossof lateral third of his eyebrows without other lesions. Serological test for syphilis was positive. He was treated with 2.4 millions unit of benzathine penicillin G (BPG), single dose intramuscular injection. Six months after injection, patient showed clinical and serological improvement. Syphilitic alopecia cannot be ruled out in patients with non scarring hair loss with unclear etiology. Serological tests are recommended especially for patients with history of high risk sexual behaviour.

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