Exploring the Effectiveness of Occupational Therapy Interventions, Other Than the Sensory Integration Approach, With Children and Adolescents Experiencing Difficulty Processing and Integrating Sensory Information

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Polatajko ◽  
N. Cantin
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sensory Integration ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Integration Approach ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

scholarly journals Modern Approaches to Occupational Therapy of Children with Authistic Spectric Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
M. V. Vitomska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Maladaptive Behavior ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

The purpose of the study is to determine the current provisions on occupational therapy interventions for children with ASD, features of their practical implementation and effectiveness based on the analysis of research data. Materials and methods. This work is the result of the analysis of scientific and methodological developments on the practical implementation of occupational therapy interventions in terms of timing and scope, complexity and role of the family; comparison of research results, which are devoted to the study of the effectiveness of behavioral therapy and SI, as the main interventions of occupational therapists. Results. Early rehabilitation of a child with ASD contributes to the formation of the necessary skills in everyday life and communication. To date, the largest evidence base has been accumulated by intervention programs, which are based on the principles of improving parent-child relations and are aimed at developing social and communication skills. Occupational therapy in ASD is aimed at overcoming motor anxiety, disorders of large and fine motor skills, coordination of movements and ability to learn, speech. SI-based occupational therapy is used to improve the processing of sensory information, improve the efficiency of "registration" and modulation of the senses, as well as help in the formation of simple adaptive responses. The effectiveness of sensory and motor interventions is manifested in positive changes in the social interaction of children, purposeful play and normalization of sensitivity. Sensory interventions of occupational therapists can reduce maladaptive behavior, hyperactivity, as well as inhibit self-stimulation, stereotyped movements and improve attention. Researchers recommend that occupational therapists combine sensory interventions with functional tasks that help the child's practice in achieving the goal of the activity. Conclusions. There is a large number of approaches and techniques used in occupational therapy for children with ASD. Given the lack of evidence to determine the most effective of them, it should be noted that additional research is needed to address this issue

scholarly journals Occupational therapy interventions in child and adolescent mental health to increase participation: A mixed methods systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 030802262110087
Author(s):  
Rob Brooks ◽  
Katrina Bannigan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

Introduction Mental health disorders and low levels of mental well-being can have a lasting effect on life satisfaction and contribution to society for children and adolescents, yet the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions is unknown. Methods A mixed methods systematic review was conducted including studies with children and adolescents aged 5–16 years, who had mental health difficulties, that evaluated occupational therapy interventions and focused on participation in everyday occupations as an outcome. Results The nine included studies were generally very low quality. The results could not be pooled due to heterogeneity. For children with Asperger’s syndrome, the Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance intervention had clinically significant improvements on occupational performance and social skills. For children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, the Ultimate Guide to Play, Language and Friendship intervention improved playfulness and the Cognitive–Functional intervention had a statistically significant improvement on occupational performance and behaviour. Conclusion One intervention used by occupational therapists with children with Asperger’s syndrome and two interventions used with children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder had some evidence of effect. No evidence was identified for the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for children and adolescents with other common mental health conditions.

scholarly journals Occupational Therapy Interventions in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1432
Author(s):  
Luis De-Bernardi-Ojuel ◽  
Laura Torres-Collado ◽  
Manuela García-de-la-Hera
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Falls Prevention ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

This scoping review aims to describe occupational therapy interventions carried out with multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients in occupational therapy. A peer review of the literature was conducted in different databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase, and in some occupational therapy journals. A search of the literature published was carried out before December 2019. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) articles evaluating the intervention of occupational therapy in MS or ALS including experimental, randomized, nonrandomized and exploratory studies; (2) written in English or Spanish; (3) adult population (over 18 years old). The initial search identified 836 articles of which we included 32 divided into four areas of intervention: fatigue-targeted interventions, cognitive interventions, physical interventions and others. Only 16 studies were carried out exclusively by occupational therapists. Most occupational therapy interventions are aimed at fatigue and physical rehabilitation. The majority of the studies in our review included MS patients, with little representation from the ALS population. These interventions have shown an improvement in perceived fatigue, manual dexterity, falls prevention and improvement in cognitive aspects such as memory, communication, depression and quality of life in the MS and ALS populations.

Axonal Sprouting and Neuronal Connectivity following Central Nervous System Insult: Implications for Occupational Therapy

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Kelly ◽  
Surya Shah
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Axonal Sprouting ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Collateral Sprouting ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

Based on selected contemporary research, this paper presents a critical analysis of central nervous system (CNS) reorganisation following insult and the need for therapists better to understand the processes that constitute reorganisation and their possible contribution to the development of spasticity. In the treatment of the sequelae of CNS lesions, the synaptic reorganisation as a result of losses caused by injury - in the form of axonal sprouting - is illustrated, focusing on neuronal reconnectivity. Critical analysis of laboratory, electron microscopy and other animal and human studies is also conducted to integrate the controversies identified and to highlight the concepts that become relevant for occupational therapists, in order to optimise therapeutic intervention for maximising restitution in patients with CNS insult. The paper further discusses the capacity of the CNS to compensate and the need to utilise occupational therapy interventions, such as imagining, mental rehearsals, constraint-induced therapy, virtual reality, biofeedback and the traditional repetitive tasks, which leads to ensuring and facilitating the emergence of new synapses to perform motor tasks and manual skills and to prevent secondary changes. These external stimulations provided by the therapists are likely to stimulate both the damaged hemisphere cross-innervation and/or collateral sprouting. These scientifically based treatment strategies and neurological rehabilitation programmes would, in turn, contribute to improving the quality of life of people with CNS insult.

Occupational Therapy and the IMPACT Act: Part 1. A Systematic Review of Evidence for Fall Prevention and Reduction, Community Discharge and Reintegration, and Readmission Prevention Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney Lucas Molitor ◽  
Diana R. Feldhacker ◽  
Helene Lohman ◽  
Angela M. Lampe ◽  
Lou Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Strength Of Evidence ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Readmission Prevention ◽  
Low Strength ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Importance: Interventions that prevent falls, facilitate discharge after hospitalization, and reduce hospital readmissions assist occupational therapy practitioners in demonstrating professional value, improving quality, and reducing costs. Objective: In this systematic review, we address three outcome areas of the Improving Medicare Post-Acute Care Transformation (IMPACT) Act of 2014: prevention and reduction of falls, facilitation of community discharge and reintegration, and prevention of hospital readmission. Data Sources: We conducted a search of the literature published between 2009 and 2019. Study Selection and Data Collection: We developed operational definitions to help us identify articles that answered the search question for each outcome area. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Findings: We found 53 articles that address the three outcome areas. Regarding the prevention and reduction of falls, low strength of evidence is available for interventions focusing on a single fall risk and for customized interventions addressing multiple risks. Moderate strength of evidence supports structured community fall risk prevention interventions. Low strength of evidence was found for community discharge and reintegration interventions that include physical activity and educational programming. Low to moderate strength of evidence was found for readmission prevention interventions for patients with four types of condition. Conclusion and Relevance: Several intervention themes in the three outcome areas of interest are supported by few studies or by studies with a moderate risk of bias. Additional research is needed that supports the value of occupational therapy interventions in these outcome areas. What This Article Adds: Our study provides important insights into the state of the evidence related to occupational therapy interventions to address three outcome areas of the IMPACT Act.

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