scholarly journals Suitable hormone-free medium for in vitro mass propagation via bioreactor culture of ever-bearing strawberry

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Jong-Nam Lee ◽  
Ki-Deog Kim ◽  
Ju-Sung Im ◽  
Hak-Tae Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioreactor Culture ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Mass Propagation

IN VITRO UPTAKE OF TRITIATED OESTRADIOL BY THE ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMUS AND HYPOPHYSIS OF THE RAT

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junzo Kato
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Posterior Hypothalamus ◽  
Anterior Hypothalamus ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Cortex Cerebri ◽  
Anterior Hypophysis ◽  
In Vitro Uptake

ABSTRACT The anterior, middle, and posterior hypothalamus, the cortex cerebri, the anterior hypophysis as well as the diaphragm of adult ovariectomized rats were incubated in vitro with tritiated 17β-oestradiol. The uptake of tritiated oestradiol was differentially distributed intracerebrally with higher accumulation in the anterior hypothalamus and the hypophysis. Lowering the temperature of the incubation medium caused a reduction in the uptake of radioactivity by the anterior hypothalamus as compared to that found in other brain tissues. Tritiated oestradiol taken up in vitro by the anterior hypothalamus and the hypophysis tended to be retained after further incubation in a steroid-free medium. The addition of non-radioactive 17β-oestradiol to the medium inhibited the uptake of tritiated oestradiol by these tissues. Moreover, pretreatment with non-radioactive 17β-oestradiol in vivo prevented the preferential accumulation of tritiated oestradiol in vitro in the anterior hypothalamus and the hypophysis. These results indicate that oestradiol is preferentially taken up in vitro by the anterior hypothalamus and the hypophysis of the rat.

scholarly journals Long-Term Severe In Vitro Hypoxia Exposure Enhances the Vascularization Potential of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cell Engineered Tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7920
Author(s):  
Myroslava Mytsyk ◽  
Giulia Cerino ◽  
Gregory Reid ◽  
Laia Gili Sole ◽  
Friedrich S. Eckstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Bioreactor Culture ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Angiogenic Potential ◽  
Engineered Tissues

The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) for treating cardiac ischemia strongly depends on their paracrine-mediated effects and their engraftment capacity in a hostile environment such as the infarcted myocardium. Adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells are a mixed population composed mainly of MSC and vascular cells, well known for their high angiogenic potential. A previous study showed that the angiogenic potential of SVF cells was further increased following their in vitro organization in an engineered tissue (patch) after perfusion-based bioreactor culture. This study aimed to investigate the possible changes in the cellular SVF composition, in vivo angiogenic potential, as well as engraftment capability upon in vitro culture in harsh hypoxia conditions. This mimics the possible delayed vascularization of the patch upon implantation in a low perfused myocardium. To this purpose, human SVF cells were seeded on a collagen sponge, cultured for 5 days in a perfusion-based bioreactor under normoxia or hypoxia (21% and <1% of oxygen tension, respectively) and subcutaneously implanted in nude rats for 3 and 28 days. Compared to ambient condition culture, hypoxic tension did not alter the SVF composition in vitro, showing similar numbers of MSC as well as endothelial and mural cells. Nevertheless, in vitro hypoxic culture significantly increased the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (p < 0.001) and the number of proliferating cells (p < 0.00001). Moreover, compared to ambient oxygen culture, exposure to hypoxia significantly enhanced the vessel length density in the engineered tissues following 28 days of implantation. The number of human cells and human proliferating cells in hypoxia-cultured constructs was also significantly increased after 3 and 28 days in vivo, compared to normoxia. These findings show that a possible in vivo delay in oxygen supply might not impair the vascularization potential of SVF- patches, which qualifies them for evaluation in a myocardial ischemia model.

scholarly journals Impact of Chronic Tetracycline Exposure on Human Intestinal Microbiota in a Continuous Flow Bioreactor Model

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 886
Author(s):  
Youngbeom Ahn ◽  
Ji Young Jung ◽  
Ohgew Kweon ◽  
Brian T. Veach ◽  
Sangeeta Khare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Antimicrobial Drug ◽  
Bioreactor Culture ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Human Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Traditional Cultures ◽  
The Impact

Studying potential dietary exposure to antimicrobial drug residues via meat and dairy products is essential to ensure human health and consumer safety. When studying how antimicrobial residues in food impact the development of antimicrobial drug resistance and disrupt normal bacteria community structure in the intestine, there are diverse methodological challenges to overcome. In this study, traditional cultures and molecular analysis techniques were used to determine the effects of tetracycline at chronic subinhibitory exposure levels on human intestinal microbiota using an in vitro continuous flow bioreactor. Six bioreactor culture vessels containing human fecal suspensions were maintained at 37 °C for 7 days. After a steady state was achieved, the suspensions were dosed with 0, 0.015, 0.15, 1.5, 15, or 150 µg/mL tetracycline, respectively. Exposure to 150 µg/mL tetracycline resulted in a decrease of total anaerobic bacteria from 1.9 × 107 ± 0.3 × 107 down to 2 × 106 ± 0.8 × 106 CFU/mL. Dose-dependent effects of tetracycline were noted for perturbations of tetB and tetD gene expression and changes in acetate and propionate concentrations. Although no-observed-adverse-effect concentrations differed, depending on the traditional cultures and the molecular analysis techniques used, this in vitro continuous flow bioreactor study contributes to the knowledge base regarding the impact of chronic exposure of tetracycline on human intestinal microbiota.

Continuation of fast axonal transport in regenerating axons in vitro

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1251-1255
Author(s):  
M. A. Bisby ◽  
C. E. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Fast Axonal Transport ◽  
Sensory Axons

A previous study by McLean and co-workers reported that regenerating axons of the rabbit vagus nerve were unable to sustain axonal transport in vitro for several months after nerve injury. In contrast, we found that sensory axons of the rat sciatic nerve were able to transport 3H-labeled protein into their regenerating portions distal to the site of injury within a week after injury when placed in vitro. Transport in vitro was not significantly less than transport in axons maintained in vivo for the same period. Transport occurred in the medium that was used by the McLean group, but was significantly reduced in calcium-free medium. When axon regeneration was delared, only small amounts of activity were present in the nerve distal to the site of injury, showing that labeled protein normally present in that part of the nerve was associated with axons and was not a result of local precursor uptake by nonneural elements in the sciatic nerve. We were not able to explain the failure of McLean and co-workers to demonstrate transport in vitro in regenerating vagus nerve, but we conclude that there is no general peculiarity of growing axons that makes them unable to sustain transport in vitro.

Roscovitine, a specific inhibitor of cyclin-dependent protein kinases, reversibly inhibits chromatin condensation during in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes

Zygote ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Krischek ◽  
Burkhard Meinecke
Keyword(s):  
Map Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Histone H1 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Dependent Protein

In the present study the effects of roscovitine on the in vitro nuclear maturation of porcine oocytes were investigated. Roscovitine, a specific inhibitor of cyclin-dependent protein kinases, prevented chromatin condensation in a concentration-dependent manner. This inhibition was reversible and was accompanied by non-activation of p34cdc2/histone H1 kinase. It also decreased enzyme activity of MAP kinase, suggesting a correlation between histone H1 kinase activation and the onset of chromatin condensation. The addition of roscovitine (50 μM) to extracts of metaphase II oocytes revealed that the MAP kinase activity was not directly affected by roscovitine, which indicates a possible link between histone H1 and MAP kinase. Chromatin condensation occurred between 20 and 28 h of culture of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) in inhibitor-free medium (germinal vesicle stage I, GV1: 74.6% and 13.7%, respectively). Nearly the same proportion of chromatin condensation was detected in COCs incubated initially in inhibitor-free medium for 20-28 h and subsequently in roscovitine-supplemented medium (50 μM) for a further 2-10 h (GV I: 76.2% and 18.8%, respectively). This observation indicates that roscovitine prevents chromatin condensation even after an initial inhibitor-free cultivation for 20 h. Extending this initial incubation period to ≥22 h led to an activation of histone H1 and MAP kinase and increasing proportions of oocytes exhibiting chromatin condensation in the presence of roscovitine. It is concluded that histone H1 kinase is involved in the induction of chromatin condensation during in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes.

scholarly journals Quantification of Internalized Silica Nanoparticles via STED Microscopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike Peuschel ◽  
Thomas Ruckelshausen ◽  
Christian Cavelius ◽  
Annette Kraegeloh
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Stimulated Emission ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Serum Free Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Serum Free

The development of safe engineered nanoparticles (NPs) requires a detailed understanding of their interaction mechanisms on a cellular level. Therefore, quantification of NP internalization is crucial to predict the potential impact of intracellular NP doses, providing essential information for risk assessment as well as for drug delivery applications. In this study, the internalization of 25 nm and 85 nm silica nanoparticles (SNPs) in alveolar type II cells (A549) was quantified by application of super-resolution STED (stimulated emission depletion) microscopy. Cells were exposed to equal particle number concentrations (9.2×1010particles mL−1) of each particle size and the sedimentation of particles during exposure was taken into account. Microscopy images revealed that particles of both sizes entered the cells after 5 h incubation in serum supplemented and serum-free medium. According to thein vitrosedimentation, diffusion, and dosimetry (ISDD) model 20–27% of the particles sedimented. In comparison, 102-103NPs per cell were detected intracellularly serum-containing medium. Furthermore, in the presence of serum, no cytotoxicity was induced by the SNPs. In serum-free medium, large agglomerates of both particle sizes covered the cells whereas only high concentrations (≥ 3.8 × 1012particles mL−1) of the smaller particles induced cytotoxicity.

Mechanism of cystine reaccumulation by cystinotic fibroblasts in vitro

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Forster ◽  
Lynne Scarlett ◽  
John B. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Lysosome Membrane ◽  
Putative Mechanism

It is well established that when cystine-depleted cystinotic cells are cultured in cystine-containing medium, they reaccumulate cystine within their lysosomes more rapidly than when cultured in cystine-free medium. This has been a puzzling result, since the lysosome membrane of cystinotic cells is impermeable to cystine. To probe the mechanism of cystine reaccumulation, we have measured reaccumulation in the presence of colchicine, an inhibitor of pinocytosis, or of glutamate, a competitive inhibitor of cystine transport into human fibroblasts. Colchicine had no effect, thus eliminating pinocytosis as a putative mechanism for cystine translocation from the culture medium to the lysosomes. Glutamate, however, strongly inhibited cystine reaccumulation. It is concluded that the true mechanism is as follows. 1. Exogenous cystine crosses the plasma membrane on the cystine-glutamate porter. 2. Cystine is reduced in the cytoplasm by GSH. 3. The cysteine that is generated enters the lysosome, where it becomes cystine by participating in the reduction of cystine residues during intralysosomal proteolysis, or by autoxidation.

Mass propagation of Dendrobium ‘Zahra FR 62’, a new hybrid used for cut flowers, using bioreactor culture

2013 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 170-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Winarto ◽  
Fitri Rachmawati ◽  
Anggraeni Santi ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Bioreactor Culture ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Cut Flowers
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