Role of Surface Structure and Flow Rate on the Polarization of Cathodically Protected Steel in Seawater

CORROSION ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 710-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nisancioglu ◽  
P. O. Gartland ◽  
T. Dahl ◽  
E. Sander
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Flow Rate

Molecular mechanisms underlying the role of the puckered surface in the biocompatibility of black phosphorus

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3790-3799
Author(s):  
Xinyao Ma ◽  
Xiaohong Zhu ◽  
Changxiong Huang ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Jun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Black Phosphorus

The puckered surface structure of black phosphorus endows it with distinctive biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Role of Shearing Dispersion and Stripping in Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Pipelines

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4325
Author(s):  
Zhihua Wang ◽  
Yunfei Xu ◽  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Zhimin Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Critical Flow ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Dominant Effect ◽  
Critical Flow Rate ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Shearing Mechanism

Wax deposition during crude oil transmission can cause a series of negative effects and lead to problems associated with pipeline safety. A considerable number of previous works have investigated the wax deposition mechanism, inhibition technology, and remediation methods. However, studies on the shearing mechanism of wax deposition have focused largely on the characterization of this phenomena. The role of the shearing mechanism on wax deposition has not been completely clarified. This mechanism can be divided into the shearing dispersion effect caused by radial migration of wax particles and the shearing stripping effect caused by hydrodynamic scouring. From the perspective of energy analysis, a novel wax deposition model was proposed that considered the flow parameters of waxy crude oil in pipelines instead of its rheological parameters. Considering the two effects of shearing dispersion and shearing stripping coexist, with either one of them being the dominant mechanism, a shearing dispersion flux model and a shearing stripping model were established. Furthermore, a quantitative method to distinguish between the roles of shearing dispersion and shearing stripping in wax deposition was developed. The results indicated that the shearing mechanism can contribute an average of approximately 10% and a maximum of nearly 30% to the wax deposition process. With an increase in the oil flow rate, the effect of the shearing mechanism on wax deposition is enhanced, and its contribution was demonstrated to be negative; shear stripping was observed to be the dominant mechanism. A critical flow rate was observed when the dominant effect changes. When the oil flow rate is lower than the critical flow rate, the shearing dispersion effect is the dominant effect; its contribution rate increases with an increase in the oil flow temperature. When the oil flow rate is higher than the critical flow rate, the shearing stripping effect is the dominant effect; its contribution rate increases with an increase in the oil flow temperature. This understanding can be used to design operational parameters of the actual crude oil pipelines and address the potential flow assurance problems. The results of this study are of great significance for understanding the wax deposition theory of crude oil and accelerating the development of petroleum industry pipelines.

scholarly journals Adhesion and Atomic Structures of Gold on Ceria Nanostructures: The Role of Surface Structure and Oxidation State of Ceria Supports

Nano Letters ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 5375-5381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyuan Lin ◽  
Zili Wu ◽  
Jianguo Wen ◽  
Kunlun Ding ◽  
Xiaoyun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Oxidation State ◽  
Atomic Structures

scholarly journals Communication: Hot-atom abstraction dynamics of hydrogen from tungsten surfaces: The role of surface structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 (12) ◽  
pp. 121103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oihana Galparsoro ◽  
Heriberto Fabio Busnengo ◽  
Joseba Iñaki Juaristi ◽  
Cédric Crespos ◽  
Maite Alducin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure

Role of surface structure in heterogeneous nucleation

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (14-16) ◽  
pp. 3097-3107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusen Qi ◽  
James F. Klausner ◽  
Renwei Mei
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Heterogeneous Nucleation

Role of oxygen flow rate on the structure and stoichiometry of cobalt oxide films deposited by reactive sputtering

2022 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 013405
Author(s):  
Nilton Francelosi A. Neto ◽  
Cristiane Stegemann ◽  
Lucas J. Affonço ◽  
Douglas M. G. Leite ◽  
José H. D. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Cobalt Oxide ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Oxide Films ◽  
Reactive Sputtering ◽  
Oxygen Flow Rate ◽  
Oxygen Flow
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document