The use of coagulation and reverse osmosis for petroleum hydrocarbons removal from water

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Piekutin
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons

scholarly journals The Identification of Fouling in Reverse Osmosis in Reverse Osmosis in the Treatment of Water with Petroleum Substances

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1092
Author(s):  
Janina Piekutin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Blocking Mechanism ◽  
Temporary Blocking ◽  
Filtration Model

Water containing petroleum substances is very difficult to clean, and the treatment process usually consists of several stages. Despite the increasing use of integrated membrane processes to purify natural waters, including the removal of organic substances, work is underway on the search for new processes and their optimization. This paper deals with the study of the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) group by reverse osmosis and optimization. The research was conducted on surface water enriched with a fuel mixture. Then, the reverse osmosis efficiency was modeled using the constant pressure filtration model (Hermia model), which determined the most likely membrane blocking mechanism. When the membrane was operated on surface water enriched with BTEX, the blocking of the membrane was based on the n = 0 cake mechanism. In surface water alone, the highest correlation coefficient was 0.9994 and corresponded to a temporary blocking mechanism (n = 1).

Cellulose Acetate Reverse Osmosis Membrane Structure

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 528-529
Author(s):  
H. K. Plummer ◽  
E. Eichen ◽  
C. D. Melvin
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membrane ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Scanning Electron

Much of the work reported in the literature on cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membranes has raised new and important questions with regard to the dense or “active” layer of these membranes. Several thickness values and structures have been attributed to the dense layer. To ensure the correct interpretation of the cellulose acetate structure thirteen different preparative techniques have been used in this investigation. These thirteen methods included various combinations of water substitution, freeze drying, freeze sectioning, fracturing, embedding, and microtomy techniques with both transmission and scanning electron microscope observations.It was observed that several factors can cause a distortion of the structure during sample preparation. The most obvious problem of water removal can cause swelling, shrinking, and folds. Improper removal of embedding materials, when used, can cause a loss of electron image contrast and, or structure which could hinder interpretation.

Performance Study of Some Reverse Osmosis Systems for Removal of Uranium and Total Dissolved Solids in Underground Waters of Punjab State, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-476
Author(s):  
Nisha Sharma ◽  
Jaspal Singh ◽  
Barjinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
State Government ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
High Concentrations

Radionuclides (uranium, thorium, radium, radon gas etc.) are found naturally in air, water, soil and rock. Everyday, we ingest and inhale these radionuclides through the air we breathe and through food and water we take. Out of the internal exposure via ingestion of radionuclides, water contributes the major portion. The natural radioactivity of water is due to the activity transfer from bed rock and soils. In our surveys carried out in the past few years, we have observed high concentrations of uranium and total dissolved solids (TDS) in drinking waters of some southern parts of Punjab State exceeding the safe limits recommended by national and international agencies. The main drinking water source is the underground water procured from different depths. Due to the highly saline taste, disorders in their digestive systems and other ailments, people are installing reverse osmosis (RO) systems in their houses. Some RO systems have been installed on commercial basis. The state government is also in the process of installing community RO systems at the village level. As high values of uranium are also undesired and may pose health hazards due to radioactivity and toxicity of uranium, we have conducted a survey in the field to study the performance of various RO systems for removal of uranium and TDS. Water samples from about forty RO systems from Faridkot, Mansa, Bathinda and Amritsar districts of Punjab State were collected and analyzed. Our results show that some RO systems are able to remove more than 99% of uranium in the underground waters used for drinking purposes. TDS values are also reduced considerably to the desired levels. So RO systems can be used to avoid the risk of unduly health problems posed by high concentrations of uranium and TDS in drinking water.

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