Mitigation of hard scale depositiont, using projectiles for low temperature cooling water services

2018 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
A. Zebardas ◽  
M.R. Malayeri
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Water Services ◽  
Hard Scale

A low-temperature multi-effect desalination system powered by the cooling water of a diesel engine

Desalination ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 404 ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengming Zhang ◽  
Shiming Xu ◽  
Dongdong Feng ◽  
Shunquan Chen ◽  
Ruxu Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cooling Water

Feasibility Study of Absorption Chillers With a Low Temperature Heat Source

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Martin ◽  
Fredrik Setterwall
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Dramatic Effect ◽  
Absorption Chillers ◽  
Custom Made

Low temperature energy powering an absorption chiller will make more energy sources available for comfort cooling as compared to conventional heat driven chillers. Solar energy, industrial waste heat and heat from combined power and heat generation are examples of sources for driving energy. Also, the distribution of energy for comfort cooling could be made efficiently by transportation of hot water to the chiller situated near to the customers. Absorption chillers driven by temperatures lower than 90°C (194°F) are in general not available as an “off-the-shelf product.” Usually the low temperature driven chillers are custom made to fit to the local conditions with respect to temperatures of the driving energy and of the cooling water. The optimal design of a chiller is dependant on the temperature of the driving energy as well as on the temperature of the available heat sink for cooling the absorber and the condenser. A scheme for optimization of the chiller with respect to the size of the heat transfer surfaces and of the temperature drop of the driving energy and of the cooling water is presented herein. Presented results illustrate the dramatic effect on the size of the absorber by changing the cooling water temperature, and the equally dramatic effect on the size of the condenser and generator by changing the temperature of the driving energy. Clearly, lowering the heat source temperature and/or increasing the heat sink temperature increases the capital cost for a chiller. However, when coupled to combined heat and power generation, reasonable pay-back times have here been demonstrated for low temperature driven absorption chillers due to the increased electricity production in the overall system.

Near Field and Far Field Evaluations of Excess Temperatures Due to the Discharge of Cooling Water in Stratified Coastal Water

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 247-261
Author(s):  
Per Erik Sørås ◽  
Arve Thendrup ◽  
Svein Tryggestad
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Coastal Water ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Intake Structure

The cooling water discharge from the gas terminal at Kårstø in Norway will be in the order of 7 m3/s and heated about 10°C. The cooling water will be withdrawn through an intake structure at 25 m depth and discharged at 10 m depth. The intake structure and the intake depth were chosen in order to prevent recycling of cooling water, to withdraw water with a stable and low temperature and to prevent fouling in the heat exchangers. The analyzing methods and results will be presented. The outlet area consists of several small islands, sounds and fjords. Salinity and temperature were measured to determine the stratification. In order to calculate the volume exchange and hence the excess temperatures in the outlet area, a great number of current measurements with continously recording instruments were performed. Tracer measurements and drift card investigation were also performed in order to evaluate the transport and dilution of the cooling water discharge.

scholarly journals Experimentally economic analysis of ORC power plant with low-temperature waste heat recovery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Leren Tao ◽  
Qingpu Li ◽  
Yongpan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Water System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Commercial Application

Abstract Due to the low boiling point of organic fluids, the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is an effective way to improve the recovery efficiency of low-temperature waste heat. An ORC power plant was established with an actual generating capacity of 16.3 kW. As the ORC technology is in the initial stage of commercial application, a technical and economic analysis has been conducted in this paper. Through analysis of each part investment of the power generation plant, it is found that the ORC system part accounts for 61% of the total initial investment, and the larger the power generation scale, the larger the proportion. An economic model has been proposed to study the economic feasibility of low-temperature industrial waste heat conversion in this plant. The influences of the installation of cooling water system, preheater, superheater, loan ratio, interest rate on electricity production cost (EPC) and profit are analyzed. According to the analysis, the lowest EPC of the plant is 0.46 Yuan/(kW • h).

Experimental Studies on a Solar Low Temperature Multi-Effect Distillation Desalination System

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Dong Dong Feng ◽  
Xiao Bin Pei ◽  
Feng Ming Zhang ◽  
Yun Mo Zhao ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Cooling Water Temperature ◽  
Water Production Rate ◽  
High Level

Solar energy has been widely used in desalination systems. A low-temperature multi-effect desalination system driven by solar is constructed for a series of experimental studies. The results show that water production rate grows with solar radiation, and maintains at a high level between 12am to 4pm. The optimized heat water flow is 1400 kg/h and appropriate cooling water temperature is 24 °C, respectively.

Numerical Simulation of Fuel Consumption of Vehicle Cold Start in Low Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1925-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Shun Fu ◽  
Zheng Feng
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
System Model ◽  
Engine Cooling ◽  
Temperature Environment ◽  
The Relationship

Building an engine cooling system model by GT-cool to analyze the fuel consumption of vehicle cold start in the low temperature environment stage.Getting the relationship between fuel consumption of vehicle cold start and the temperature of cooling water by model calculation.Providing a basis for optimizing the design of the engine cooling system.

scholarly journals Adding a Bypass to Ensure the Chemical Plant Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Deming Wang ◽  
Ying Peng ◽  
Zexi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Water Circulation ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Water Filter ◽  
Thermodynamics Analysis ◽  
Chilled Water

<p>The chilling output of the chiller fluctuated according to the chilling load. When it dropped down below a certain value, the temperature of the supply chilled water flowing out of the chiller would drop down too much. And this would result the chiller being shut down abnormally, because of its low temperature protection. Any this shutdown of the chiller endangered the production continuity and security, and caused a certain economic losses. A bypass, which was from the outlet of the chiller’s condenser to the chilled water filter inlet, was added to the chilling system. Through this bypass, some cooling water was introduced from the cooling water circulation into the chilled water circulation. Then the temperature of the supply chilled water flowing out of the chiller was promoted. With experiments, and by the aid of thermodynamics analysis, the amount of introduced cooling water, which could be introduced to promote the supply chilled water temperature for maintaining the chiller running normally, was researched. Ultimately, a certain amount of introduced cooling water, at which the chiller would no longer stop abnormally at any chilling load, was determined. And the energy lose caused by the introduced cooling water was less than 5 percent the rated output of the chiller. Compared with the chiller rated output, this energy lose was so small that it could be neglected.</p>

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