Photovoltaic system for brackish water desalination by electrodialysis and electricity generation

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 142-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Bayod-Rújula ◽  
A. Martínez-Gracia
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Photovoltaic System

scholarly journals Modular treatment of arsenic-laden brackish groundwater using solar-powered subsurface arsenic removal (SAR) and membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-526
Author(s):  
U. Hellriegel ◽  
E. E. Cañas Kurz ◽  
T. V. Luong ◽  
J. Bundschuh ◽  
J. Hoinkis
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Modular Treatment ◽  
Solar Powered

Abstract To evaluate energy efficient concepts for the modular treatment of brackish water, pilot trials for groundwater desalination and arsenic (As) removal were carried out in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Groundwater here is affected by naturally occurring high iron (Fe2+) and As concentrations, while, in coastal regions, groundwater is additionally contaminated by high salinity mostly due to seawater intrusion. Desalination was conducted by membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI), which shows low specific energy consumption (SEC). Anoxic groundwater with As(III) and Fe2+ was treated using a pre-oxidation step called subsurface arsenic removal (SAR) with the main advantage that no As-laden waste is produced. The pilot plant was operated using a photovoltaic system (3 kWp) and a small wind turbine (2 kWp). The SEC of drinking water produced was 3.97 kWh/m3. Total dissolved solids (TDS) of 1,560 mg/L were lowered to 188 mg/L, while Fe2+ was reduced from 1.8 mg/L to the below detection limit and As from 2.3 to 0.18 μg/L. The results show that SAR is a feasible remediation technique for Fe2+ and As removal in remote areas, and demonstrate the potential of MCDI for brackish water desalination coupled with renewable energies. However, improvements in energy demand of the MCDI module can still be achieved.

Low-Resistance Monovalent-Selective Cation Exchange Membranes for Energy-Efficient Ion Separations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyal Wormser ◽  
Oded Nir ◽  
Eran Edri
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Molecular Layer Deposition ◽  
Selective Layer ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Membrane Selectivity ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Water Energy Nexus

<div> <div> <div> <p>The desalination of brackish water provides water to tens of millions of people around the world, but current technologies deplete much needed nutrients from the water, which is detrimental to both public health and agriculture. A selective method for brackish water desalination, which retains the needed nutrients, is electrodialysis (ED) using monovalent-selective cation exchange membranes (MVS-CEMs). However, due to the trade-off between membrane selectivity and resistance, most MVS-CEMs demonstrate either high transport resistance or low selectivity, which increase energy consumption and hinder the use of such membranes for brackish water desalination by ED. Here, we used molecular layer deposition (MLD) to uniformly coat CEMs with ultrathin layers of alucone. The positive surface charge of the alucone instills monovalent selectivity in the CEM. Using MLD enabled us to precisely control and minimize the selective layer thickness, while the flexibility and nanoporosity of the alucone prevent cracking and delamination. Under conditions simulating brackish water desalination, this compound provides monovalent selectivity with negligible added resistance—the smallest reported resistance for a monovalent-selective layer, to date—thereby alleviating the selectivity–resistance trade-off. Addressing the water–energy nexus, we show that using these membranes in ED will cut at least half of the energy required for selective brackish water desalination with current MVS-CEMs. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Thermal performance comparison of different sun tracking configurations

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 20902
Author(s):  
O. Achkari ◽  
A. El Fadar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Parabolic Trough Collector ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Good Agreement

Parabolic trough collector (PTC) is one of the most widespread solar concentration technologies and represents the biggest share of the CSP market; it is currently used in various applications, such as electricity generation, heat production for industrial processes, water desalination in arid regions and industrial cooling. The current paper provides a synopsis of the commonly used sun trackers and investigates the impact of various sun tracking modes on thermal performance of a parabolic trough collector. Two sun-tracking configurations, full automatic and semi-automatic, and a stationary one have numerically been investigated. The simulation results have shown that, under the system conditions (design, operating and weather), the PTC's performance depends strongly on the kind of sun tracking technique and on how this technique is exploited. Furthermore, the current study has proven that there are some optimal semi-automatic configurations that are more efficient than one-axis sun tracking systems. The comparison of the mathematical model used in this paper with the thermal profile of some experimental data available in the literature has shown a good agreement with a remarkably low relative error (2.93%).

Design of Thermally Responsive Polymeric Hydrogels for Brackish Water Desalination: Effect of Architecture on Swelling, Deswelling, and Salt Rejection

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (29) ◽  
pp. 15696-15706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Ali ◽  
Beate Gebert ◽  
Tobias Hennecke ◽  
Karlheinz Graf ◽  
Mathias Ulbricht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Thermally Responsive ◽  
Polymeric Hydrogels

Reverse osmosis pilot plants performance in brackish water desalination

Desalination ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 341-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Boari ◽  
C. Carrieri ◽  
P. Mappelli ◽  
M. Santori
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Desalination

Renewable energy powered membrane technology: Safe operating window of a brackish water desalination system

2014 ◽  
Vol 468 ◽  
pp. 400-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce S. Richards ◽  
Gavin L. Park ◽  
Thomas Pietzsch ◽  
Andrea I. Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Operating Window ◽  
Safe Operating
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