Enhancement of membrane filtration ability by pretreatment of secondary effluent using a new photocatalytic oxidation system

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Ren-Yang Horng ◽  
Chih-Pin Huang ◽  
Min-Chao Chang ◽  
Hsin Shao ◽  
Mathias Ernst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Oxidation System

Viruses and Water: Problems, Detection, and Control

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Dizer ◽  
J. Dürkop ◽  
A. Grohmann ◽  
H. Kopecka ◽  
J. M. López-Pila
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Water Problems

Secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants contains a high number of viruses and other pathogens, which pose a health risk to the population, (especially when receiv ng waters are used for bathing and swimming, or for growing shellfish. In areas with a high density of population, where drinking water supply is dependent on surface waters and contaminated rivers are the primary source of drinking water, failure of the filtration or of the disinfection step, or of any other “barriers” supposed to warrant safe potable water, will increase the risk of health hazard for the consumer. We have compared the efficiency of viral elimination in secondary effluent by flocculation, uv rradiation and membrane filtration taking naturally occurring, or additionally seeded f2 phages, as indicator for viruses. Flocculation decreased the number of phages present in secondary effluent by more than two logs. If combined with uv irradiation, the elimination reached five additional logs. Membrane filtration eliminated essentially all naturally occurring phages. Improvement of the quality of surface waters calls for a refinement of detection methods for viruses. We have found that the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) might be used for detecting viruses in surface waters.

Removal of color substances using photocatalytic oxidation for membrane filtration processes

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Tay ◽  
D. Chen ◽  
D. D. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Photo Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to remove the color substances, which normally cause difficulties in membrane filtration processes due to fouling using heterogeneous UV/TiO2/H2O2 reactor. It is confirmed that the technique used in this study was effective to remove TOC at 38% and color400 at 89% within 150-min irradiation. The experiment results showed that low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide dosage (less than 0.016 M) to UV/TiO2 system accelerated the TOC and Color400 removal rate from 9% to 38% and 40% to 89% respectively, while over-dosage made this positive effect decline. The humic acid solution treated by photo catalytic oxidation in UV/TiO2/H2O2 reactor did not change the zeta potential on membrane surface and membrane rejection rate.

scholarly journals Performance of PES/LSMM-OGCN Photocatalytic Membrane for Phenol Removal: Effect of OGCN Loading

Membranes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Salim ◽  
Nor Nor ◽  
Juhana Jaafar ◽  
Ahmad Ismail ◽  
Takeshi Matsuura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Oxidation System ◽  
Catalyst Distribution

In designing a photocatalytic oxidation system, the immobilized photocatalyst technique becomes highly profitable due to its promising capability in treating organic pollutants such as phenols in wastewater. In this study, hydrophiLic surface modifying macromolecules (LSMM) modified polyethersulfone (PES) hybrid photocatalytic membranes incorporated with oxygenated graphitic carbon nitride (OGCN) was successfully developed using phase inversion technique. The effectiveness of the hybrid photocatalytic membrane was determined under different loading of OGCN photocatalyst (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 wt%). The best amount of OGCN in the casting solution was 1.0 wt% as the agglomeration did not occur considering the stability of the membrane performance and morphology. The highest flux of 264 L/m2·h was achieved by PES/LSMM-OGCN1.5wt% membrane. However, the highest flux performance was not an advantage in this situation as the flux reduced the rejection value due to open pores. The membrane with the highest photocatalytic performance was obtained at 1.0 wt% of OGCN loading with 35.78% phenol degradation after 6 h. Regardless of the lower rejection value, the performance shown by the PES/LSMM-OGCN1.0wt% membrane was still competent because of the small difference of less than 1% to that of the PES/LSMM-OGCN0wt% membrane. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the optimisation of the OGCN loading in the PES hybrid photocatalytic membrane indeed plays an important role towards enhancing the catalyst distribution, phenol degradation, and acceptable rejection above all considerations.

scholarly journals Elimination of enteric indicators and pathogenic bacteria in secondary effluents and lake water by solar disinfection (SODIS)

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel A. S. AL-Gheethi ◽  
I. Norli ◽  
Mohd Omar Ab. Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Solar Disinfection ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Secondary Effluents

The reduction of enteric indicators (fecal coliforms (FC) and Enterococcus faecalis) and elimination of pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus) in the secondary effluents and lake water by solar disinfection (SODIS) was studied in this article. FC, E. faecalis, Salmonella spp. and S. aureus were isolated and enumerated using membrane filtration techniques after SODIS of samples inside transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 h. The results show that SODIS can reduce numbers of FC, Salmonella spp. and S. aureus by more than 4 log10 colony forming units (CFU)/100 mL after 6 h. However, regrowth of these bacteria was observed after the incubation of the treated samples at 37 °C for 24 h, whereas SODIS for 8 h would eliminate pathogenic bacteria and no regrowth would be observed in these samples as determined by an absence and presence technique using enrichment medium. E. faecalis was not eliminated in the secondary effluents and lake water by SODIS, but this bacterium was reduced to less than detection limits (1 CFU/100 mL) when the treated secondary effluent samples were stored for 16 days at room temperature. The elimination of pathogenic bacteria and reduction of enteric indicators resulted in undetectable levels using SODIS for secondary effluents and lake water.

Experimental Study on Titanium Based Photocatalyst and its Catalytic Oxidation on Flue Gas Mercury

2012 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
Xue Shi ◽  
Xue Wei Dai ◽  
Jiang Wu ◽  
Xian Li ◽  
Yi Ran Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Mercury Removal ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Photo Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Iron Doped ◽  
Oxidation System

This paper mainly studied the effects of different iron-doped volume on photo-catalytic oxidation of TiO2 for mercury removal. Through the photocatalytic oxidation system, we evaluated the elemental mercury removal performance of TiO2 with iron-doped mass ratio of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 3%. While the iron-doped mass ratio were 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 3%, the elemental mercury removal efficiency were 70.83%，52.89%，72.32% and 62.39% respectively, the removal efficiency increased firstly, then declined, and 2% iron-doped was the most appropriate

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