Determination of target water quality indicators and values on total maximum daily loads management system in Korea

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bae Kyung Park ◽  
Jae Hong Park ◽  
Seung Young Oh ◽  
Dong Soo Kong ◽  
Doug Hee Rhew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management System ◽  
Water Quality Indicators ◽  
Total Maximum Daily Loads ◽  
Maximum Daily Loads ◽  
Total Maximum

Characteristics of Total Maximum Daily Loads management system in Korea: status and future

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
K.M. Poo ◽  
J.H. Im ◽  
B.K. Park ◽  
Y.S. Kim ◽  
C.K. Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Watershed Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Total Maximum Daily Loads ◽  
Major River ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Maximum Daily Loads ◽  
Total Maximum

In Korea, there are four major rivers which are the most important water resources for 45 million peoples. To preserve the water quality, several water management policies had been adapted but they had been not successful because of focusing only on point source pollutants. With the establishment of the special act for four major rivers in 2002, which defined four watersheds, the watershed management was regularized. A Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) management system was introduced to control point and non-point source pollutants, and has been implemented for three major river watersheds from 2002 except the Han-river watershed, which is adopting the system voluntarily. This paper provides an overview of TMDLs management system and the implementation process and its progress in Korea. Also the next step for improving the management system is discussed.

Spatial and temporal pollutant budget analyses toward the total maximum daily loads management for the Yeongsan watershed in Korea

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Ki ◽  
Y.G. Lee ◽  
S.-W. Kim ◽  
Y.-J. Lee ◽  
J.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Total Maximum Daily Loads ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Maximum Daily Loads ◽  
The City ◽  
Total Maximum

This paper delivers two issues: water quality in the Yeongsan (YS) watershed which is one of the major watersheds in Korea and new watershed management plans with respect to the total maximum daily loads (TMDL) management. Field studies were conducted to estimate the pollutant loads according to the spatial and temporal distribution based on the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) concentration and the volumetric flow rate (VFR) data from YS watershed. The results of both spatial and temporal analyses show the main pollutant source was originated from the city of Gwangju and the pollutant load from the city to YS watershed was the most out of five cities during this study period. Concerning YS reservoir located downstream of YS watershed, it also shows the worst water quality in the entire watershed during the study period. These results collectively demonstrate that the city of Gwangju is a main region which generates numerous point and non-point pollutant sources and eventually the pollutants are accumulated in YS reservoir. Based on the results, we suggest two different management plans for YS watershed. One is the flow-control approach that is to increase the amount of dam discharge in order to guarantee the river management flow for the midstream region. The other is the mass-control approach that is to dredge the contaminated sediments in YS reservoir for removing pollutants chronically accumulated in the sediment. Simulations for the former and the latter provide the pollution mitigation rate in the watershed up to 6 and 8% for BOD5, respectively. The methodology proposed here for TMDL management can be applied to a wide range of watersheds in Korea.

scholarly journals Deterministic and probabilistic approaches to the development of pH total maximum daily loads: a comparative analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-213
Author(s):  
A. Elshorbagy ◽  
K. Parasuraman ◽  
G. Putz ◽  
L. Ormsbee
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Deterministic Approach ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Total Maximum Daily Loads ◽  
Creek Watershed ◽  
Margin Of Safety ◽  
Maximum Daily Loads ◽  
Total Maximum

The most commonly used deterministic approach to the development of total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) fails to explicitly address issues related to a margin of safety and inherent variability of streamflows in the process of TMDL development. In this paper, the deterministic approach to pH TMDL development for Beech Creek watershed, Muhlenberg County, Kentucky, proposed by Ormsbee, Elshorbagy and Zechman is discussed. The shortcomings and the limitations of the assumptions associated with the deterministic approach are highlighted. An alternative probabilistic approach, to cope with the percentile-based water quality standards based on Monte Carlo simulation, is presented and compared to the deterministic approach. The proposed probabilistic approach provides a deeper insight into the issue of uncertainty and emphasizes the importance of handling the water quality standards and TMDLs in terms of magnitude and frequency rather than a single-valued approach. Expected exceedances and the confidence of compliance with percentile-based standards are estimated. Accordingly, an objective method of estimating the margin of safety for pH TMDLs is proposed.

scholarly journals Analysis of Water Quality Characteristics in Unit Watersheds in the Hangang Basin with Respect to TMDL Implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 9999
Author(s):  
Minji Park ◽  
Yongchul Cho ◽  
Kyungyong Shin ◽  
Hyungjin Shin ◽  
Sanghun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Nonpoint Source Pollution ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Water Quality Indicators ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Maximum ◽  
Daily Load

Spatiotemporal water quality tendencies before and after total maximum daily load (TMDL) implementation in the Hangang basin were analyzed to determine the water quality improvement resulting from the TMDL policy. The periodicities of water quality indicators were also analyzed and water quality characteristics corresponding to different unit watershed units were identified in terms of pollution source. Considering five water quality indicators, including biochemical oxygen demand and total phosphorus, it was observed that water quality indicator concentrations were low in the upstream areas of the Bukhangang and Namhangang watersheds. However, they were high between the downstream areas of the Namhangang watershed and the Imjingang watershed and in the Hangang downstream and Jinwicheon watersheds. Additionally, the concentrations of water quality indicators in most of the unit watersheds where TMDL had been implemented decreased after TMDL implementation. However, increasing tendencies in the concentrations of water quality indicators continued to be observed in some of the watershed units in the upstream areas of the Bukhangang and Namhangang watersheds, possibly because these watersheds are affected by nonpoint source pollution owing to rainfall. Therefore, in the future, it would be necessary to implement policies that take these findings into consideration.

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