scholarly journals High-capacity transport, floor area ratio and its relationship with urbanization of metropolitan areas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Luis De Carvalho da Costa ◽  
Fabiene Cristina De Carvalho da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Most of the world’s population lives in urban areas (54%). Near 42% of the global urban population live in cities with more than 1 million inhabitants, where problems associated with urban sprawl such as informal settlement, social-economic changes, environmental degradation and deficient high-capacity transport (HCT) systems are common. Meanwhile, urbanization and its associated transportation infrastructure define the relationship between city and countryside, between the city’s inner core and the periphery, between the citizen and his right to move. This article discusses and presents an overview about the relationship between the planning and extension of HCT systems and urban planning, (in the figure of the floor-area ratio - FAR- prescribed in regulations). The methodological approach consists of drawing a conceptual framework and studying 33 different cities of metropolitan areas on five continents. It’s noticed that areas in cities with a high construction potential but with an insufficient HCT negatively influence in urban mobility and hence the right to the city. We consider right to the city the various social and fundamental rights that, among others, includes the right to public transportation. Therefore there’s a real need of an integrated approach of community participation, FAR distribution, urban planning and transportation planning and so that urbanization, inevitable these days, takes place in a fair and harmonious way.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3762 

scholarly journals Daylight Provision Requirements According to EN 17037 as a Restriction for Sustainable Urban Planning of Residential Developments

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Nataša Šprah ◽  
Mitja Košir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Urban Density ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
Residential Developments ◽  
The Impact

The attempt at a more sustainable land use by increasing urban density may have a negative effect on the daylighting of residential buildings. In densely built areas, obstructions generated by the surrounding buildings can substantially reduce the available amount of daylight, causing poorly daylit spaces and a less healthy indoor environment with higher electricity consumption as a consequence of artificial lighting. European standard EN 17037, Daylight in Buildings, was established in 2018 to ensure appropriately daylit spaces. In this paper, a three-step methodology was developed to investigate the relationship between certain urban planning parameters and the daylighting of a typical room defined by specific (Slovenian) legislative restrictions about its geometry and minimum required window to floor area ratio, in order to establish the maximum densities of residential developments still fulfilling the minimum requirements for daylight provision defined by EN 17037. The results show that a relatively low urban density is required to fulfil the stipulations for minimum daylight provision for the deepest permissible room according to the Slovenian legislation. The impact of the development floor area ratio on the daylighting potential of buildings was identified as significant, followed by the site coverage, development layout, and building typology. Furthermore, the developed methodological approach clearly demonstrates a substantial potential for application in urban planning, with indoor daylight environmental conditions being linked to the planning of residential developments in the earliest stages of the project.

scholarly journals Estimation of building shape by block size

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Masahiro Taima ◽  
Yasushi Asami ◽  
Kimihiro Hino
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
Building Shape ◽  
Building Footprint

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Block restructuring has been strongly emphasized in Japan for renovating cities. However, little is known about the relation between block size and building shape. Moreover, the shape of buildings designed on a block after restructuring is unclear. Some estimation methods for urban physical status, such as building footprint location, floor area, and land use, have been developed in previous research. Taima et al. (2016) developed a model to estimate the building footprint area by using GIS. The future image of the building footprint on various blocks is visualized. Similarly, Asami and Ohtaki (2000) developed a model to estimate detached house location. Orford (2010) developed a methodology for estimating the floor area of individual properties from digital infrastructure data. Shiravi et al. (2015) assessed the utility of some models for estimating floor area using three data sources: a geographic vector building footprint layer, a LiDAR data set, and field survey data for the south side of the city of Fredericton, Canada. They discussed the reliability and accuracy of each model. In other research, Brunner et al. (2009) extended a methodology for building height estimation and tried to improve its accuracy. Schmidt et al. (2010) presented an approach to the estimation of building density on the block scale. Land use (Debnath and Amin, 2016; Jiang and Liu, 2012) and floor area (Orford, 2010) are popular topics and estimated in previous studies of the urban field, but estimation of building shape has seldom been a focus in the literature. Three-dimensional estimations of buildings cannot be found. If software to estimate building shape by block shape and other conditions was developed, it would be useful to determine urban planning, such as population estimation and landuse estimation. In this study, an estimation model is developed and applied to certain areas. In this study, the relation between block size and building shape is analyzed quantitatively, and a three-dimensional building shape is estimated by a model using an urban planning GIS data set of Tokyo (Figure 1 and 2). Results show the quantitative relation between block size and building shape, and the building shape image on the blocks. Higher buildings and buildings with a basement tend to be built in larger blocks, leading to efficient use of the maximum volume permitted in the block. In addition, the region composed by larger blocks can be spacious, because the range of building setback will be long in larger blocks. Designation of a high floor area ratio may induce integration and enlargement of blocks. Blocks are less likely to be partitioned in zones when a high floor area ratio is designated.</p>

scholarly journals Romani People and the ‘Right to the City’: Gentrification in Fevzipasa, Canakkale, Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Recep Volkan Öner ◽  
A. Aslı Şimşek
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Canakkale city centre has been home for many different ethnicities from the past to our present day. In time, the city centre was also defined as a protected area due to its historical and cultural value. However, major infrastructure, urban renewal, and transformation projects have emerged in the agendas of both public authorities and the private sector. Similar to the rest of the world, in Turkey, Romani people are amongst the first groups to face the discriminating and excluding effects of such projects. This study aims to explore the relationship between gentrification and the violation of Romani people’s ‘right to the city’ with a focus on the Romani neighbourhood of Fevzipasa, Canakkale. 

scholarly journals Civic media and technologies of belonging: Where digital citizenship and ‘the right to the city’ converge

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giota Alevizou
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Civic Culture ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Digital Citizenship ◽  
Action Research Project ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Urban Citizenship ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

This article contributes to an emerging field of ‘urban communication’ research and its intersections with civic culture and digital citizenship. It does so by presenting a case study of how an activist group in North London’s Tottenham region co-designed bespoke digital media platforms, akin to civic media, to advocate an approach to urban planning that also recognizes migrants’ rights. Conducted as a part of a broader participatory action research project, the study outlined here offers an analysis of the online and offline communicative routes taken, the urban rights enacted and the visions expressed during an eight-week consultation period. Drawing on both quantitative and qualitative metrics from the official and alternative digital platforms inviting consultation around the community-led planning application, the article offers insights about the co-construction of space, and the effect that the particular site had in unearthing wider enactments of ‘the right to the city’ and affective belonging, alongside struggles against threats of displacement. By offering these insights, the study contributes to a better understanding of the digital mediation of belonging through space/place and what this means for urban citizenship. Looking beyond processes of urban planning, this understanding seeks to contribute to wider debates of urban citizenship, often expressed at the intersection of urban rights, digital citizenship and virtual reality.

scholarly journals Urban Planning Policy for Realizing Public Objectives Through Private Development in Seoul

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2698
Author(s):  
Hye-jin Jung
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
Narrow Scope ◽  
Incentive Policy ◽  
Depth Analysis

This study aims to examine the relationship between urban development by the private sector and the urban planning incentive policy “FAR (Floor Area Ratio) bonus” and its effects on the city of Seoul in Korea. The results and characteristics of the incentive policy in the development process over the last five years in Seoul are investigated. An in-depth analysis of the mechanism of the floor area ratio incentive was conducted alongside measuring public design elements and the additional floor area compensated by private sectors for public benefit. The outcome of summarizing incentive implementations via quantitative analysis indicated that the policy focused on a narrow scope of target items, resulting in an imbalance in the implementation of public benefits and inflated incentive provisions. These quantitative results, exceeding those in non-special planning districts, misleadingly suggest a significant effectiveness of the incentive policy in generating operative public space. This study argues that the standards for establishing a balance between public and private benefit need a reform toward practical and qualitative impacts, while currently it is evaluated based on mere quantification. In conclusion, it is critical to implement policies that designate necessary public amenities in a selective manner and provide more judicious incentives to achieve a better-balanced planning system.

scholarly journals PESQUISA QUALITATIVA: REFLEXÕES GEOGRÁFICAS A PARTIR DE UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE AS CONTRADIÇÕES URBANAS DA CIDADE DE SOROCABA – SP / Qualitative Research: Geographic Considerations from a Case Study on Urban Contradictions of the City of Sorocaba - SP

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Rosalina Burgos
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Partindo do entendimento acerca da importância dos caminhos metodológicos da pesquisa qualitativa no âmbito da Geografia, e do posicionamento acadêmico e social do pesquisador na definição do tema, método e metodologia de pesquisa, destaca-se a relação intrínseca entre a natureza qualitativa e quantitativa dos fenômenos analisados. Esta reflexão é tecida com base na temática acerca das possibilidades de pensar e agir pelo direito à cidade, tendo como estudo de caso o processo recente de valorização e segregação espacial da cidade de Sorocaba.Palavras chave: pesquisa qualitativa, valorização espacial, segregação espacial, direito à cidade, cidade de Sorocaba. ABSTRACTBased on the understanding of the importance of methodology of qualitative research in Geography, and academic and social position of the researcher in the theme definition, method and research methodology, in the relationship between qualitative and quantitative analysis on the essence of phenomena. This reflection is based on the theme of the possibilities of thinking and acting for the right to the city, taking as a case study the recent process of spatial valorization of the city of Sorocaba.Key words: qualitative research, valorization of the space, spatial segregation, the right to the city, city of Sorocaba

scholarly journals Tenkuä: Designing Futures for Broken Cities

2020 ◽  
pp. 178-191
Author(s):  
Karla Paniagua ◽  
Paulina Cornejo
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Initial Results

This work presents the initial results from two years of Tenkuä, a participatory futures workshop created by CENTRO, a higher education institution in Mexico City specialised in creativity. This experience aims to help participants to have a better understanding of the contexts and environments where they live and to design strategies that can contribute to improving community life. The methodology of the workshop combines a foresight framework with the Right to the City approach. The preliminary results refer to the learning experience as a product of design itself and how, during the process of participatory futures, the relationship between the institution and its neighbours was transformed into an experience of participatory presents.

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