Evaluating Health System Efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis: A case of Indian Healthcare System

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawnn Melicio Coutinho ◽  
Ch. V. V. S. N. V Prasad ◽  
Rohit Prabhudesai
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Health System ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Efficiency Frontier ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Healthcare Efficiency ◽  
Health System Efficiency

Purpose-With increased demand and restricted healthcare resources, it becomes important to take a step back and evaluate the efficiency of healthcare delivery. The present study aims to evaluate the health system efficiency of India by benchmarking it against its peers in BRICS countries and against OECD countries. Design/Methodology/Approach: The input and output variables required for measuring the efficiency of healthcare system were identified. A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach was used and efficiency frontier identified with the rankings of the BRICS and OECD countries. India is thus benchmarked against its peers (BRICS) and against OECD countries. Finding: India was found to operate at the efficiency frontier along with China, Russia, Brazil, and South Africa, however it ranked fourth. When benchmarked against OECD countries, India operates on the efficiency frontier along with Canada, Greece, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Great Britain, Chile and Israel. Countries like Germany, United States of America, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Lithuania operate at a lower healthcare efficiency and need to use their resources wisely. Practical/Research Implications: Developing countries like India can look to improve its healthcare system delivery by replicating best practices of healthcare systems from its peers and the top 10 OECD countries. Majority of the OECD countries in the top 10 have implemented universal health coverage, have higher physician and nurse density and higher hospital bed ratios. They are inclined towards branded drugs vis-à-vis generics and have follow evidence based medicine. From a theoretical perspective, it adds to the body of literature of DEA and health system efficiency. Originality/Value: This is a pioneer study that benchmarks India against its peers and against OECD countries drawing unique insights about healthcare efficiency

scholarly journals Measuring the efficiency of health systems in Asia: a data envelopment analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e022155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayem Ahmed ◽  
Md Zahid Hasan ◽  
Mary MacLennan ◽  
Farzana Dorin ◽  
Mohammad Wahid Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Health System ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Health System Efficiency

ObjectiveThis study aims to estimate the technical efficiency of health systems in Asia.SettingsThe study was conducted in Asian countries.MethodsWe applied an output-oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to estimate the technical efficiency of the health systems in Asian countries. The DEA model used per-capita health expenditure (all healthcare resources as a proxy) as input variable and cross-country comparable health outcome indicators (eg, healthy life expectancy at birth and infant mortality per 1000 live births) as output variables. Censored Tobit regression and smoothed bootstrap models were used to observe the associated factors with the efficiency scores. A sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the consistency of these efficiency scores.ResultsThe main findings of this paper demonstrate that about 91.3% (42 of 46 countries) of the studied Asian countries were inefficient with respect to using healthcare system resources. Most of the efficient countries belonged to the high-income group (Cyprus, Japan, and Singapore) and only one country belonged to the lower middle-income group (Bangladesh). Through improving health system efficiency, the studied high-income, upper middle-income, low-income and lower middle-income countries can improve health system outcomes by 6.6%, 8.6% and 8.7%, respectively, using the existing level of resources. Population density, bed density, and primary education completion rate significantly influenced the efficiency score.ConclusionThe results of this analysis showed inefficiency of the health systems in most of the Asian countries and imply that many countries may improve their health system efficiency using the current level of resources. The identified inefficient countries could pay attention to benchmarking their health systems within their income group or other within similar types of health systems.

scholarly journals Improving Health System Efficiency: Perspectives of Decision-Makers

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Allin ◽  
Sara Guilcher ◽  
Dana Riley ◽  
Yu Janice Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Health System Efficiency

Benchmarking the efficiencies of Indonesia’s municipal water utilities using Stackelberg data envelopment analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wibowo ◽  
Hans Wilhelm Alfen
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Restrictive Assumption ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Municipal Water ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a yardstick efficiency comparison of 269 Indonesian municipal water utilities (MWUs) and measures the impact of exogenous environmental variables on efficiency scores. Design/methodology/approach – Two-stage Stackelberg leader-follower data envelopment analysis (DEA) and artificial neural networks (ANN) were employed. Findings – Given that serviceability was treated as the leader and profitability as the follower, the first and second stage DEA scores were 55 and 32 percent (0 percent = totally inefficient, 100 percent = perfectly efficient), respectively. This indicates sizeable opportunities for improvement, with 39 percent of the total sample facing serious problems in both first- and second-stage efficiencies. When profitability instead leads serviceability, this results in more decreased efficiency. The size of the population served was the most important exogenous environmental variable affecting DEA efficiency scores in both the first and second stages. Research limitations/implications – The present study was limited by the overly restrictive assumption that all MWUs operate at a constant-return-to-scale. Practical implications – These research findings will enable better management of the MWUs in question, allowing their current level of performance to be objectively compared with that of their peers, both in terms of scale and area of operation. These findings will also help the government prioritize assistance measures for MWUs that are suffering from acute performance gaps, and to devise a strategic national plan to revitalize Indonesia’s water sector. Originality/value – This paper enriches the body of knowledge by filling in knowledge gaps relating to benchmarking in Indonesia’s water industry, as well as in the application of ensemble two-stage DEA and ANN, which are still rare in the literature.

scholarly journals E-health: effect on health system efficiency of Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshan Naseem ◽  
Audil Rashid ◽  
Nadeem Ishaq Kureshi
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Health System Efficiency

scholarly journals Has the Efficiency of China’s Healthcare System Improved after Healthcare Reform? A Network Data Envelopment Analysis and Tobit Regression Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangwen Gong ◽  
Yingchun Chen ◽  
Hongxia Gao ◽  
Dai Su ◽  
Jingjing Chang
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Healthcare Reform ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Network Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Overall Efficiency

Background: A healthcare system refers to a typical network production system. Network data envelopment analysis (DEA) show an advantage than traditional DEA in measure the efficiency of healthcare systems. This paper utilized network data envelopment analysis to evaluate the overall and two substage efficiencies of China’s healthcare system in each of its province after the implementation of the healthcare reform. Tobit regression was performed to analyze the factors that affect the overall efficiency of healthcare systems in the provinces of China. Methods: Network DEA were obtained on MaxDEA 7.0 software, and the results of Tobit regression analysis were obtained on StataSE 15 software. The data for this study were acquired from the China health statistics yearbook (2009–2018) and official websites of databases of Chinese national bureau. Results: Tobit regression reveals that regions and government health expenditure effect the efficiency of the healthcare system in a positive way: the number of high education enrollment per 100,000 inhabitants, the number of public hospital, and social health expenditure effect the efficiency of healthcare system were negative. Conclusion: Some provincial overall efficiency has fluctuating increased, while other provincial has fluctuating decreased, and the average overall efficiency scores were fluctuations increase.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF A STANDARDIZED TRIAGE PATHWAY ON ASSIGNMENT TO PHYSICIAN SPECIALTY, TIMELINESS OF CARE, AND HEALTH SYSTEM EFFICIENCY FOR PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER

CHEST Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. A1469
Author(s):  
Monica Mullin ◽  
Sophia Linton ◽  
Chris Parker ◽  
Christine Noseworthy ◽  
Nicole O'Callaghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Health System ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Physician Specialty ◽  
Timeliness Of Care ◽  
Health System Efficiency
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