scholarly journals An In Vitro Study: Antioxidant, Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activities of Achranthes aspera

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Dipeshkumar Patel ◽  
Falaknaaz Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities

Medicaments, plants and plant-based are the basis of many of the modern pharmaceuticals we use today for our various purposes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant, phytochemical and antibacterial and antifungal activities of the Achyranthes aspera plant extract in different organic solvents. The radical scavenging activity of the different extracts of root, stem, leaf, and seed were evaluated by DPPH assay and the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and antifungal activity against Fusarium sp. and Aspergillus nigerwas studied by Agar well cut diffusion method. All of the extracts exhibited different antioxidant and antibacterial activities and the activities varied from solvent to solvent, and the activities are concentrated. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were compared with the positive control Ascorbic acid and Cefuroxime. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was carried out and found to possess bioactive compounds like alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins.

An Invitro Study: Antioxidant, Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activities of Achranthes aspera

2021 ◽  
pp. 268-277
Author(s):  
Masiraben Vahora ◽  
Falaknaaz Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Medicaments, plants and plant-based are the basis of many of the modern pharmaceuticals we use today for our various purposes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant, phytochemical and antibacterial and antifungal activities of the Achyranthes aspera plant extract in different organic solvents. The radical scavenging activity of the different extracts of root, stem, leaf, and seed were evaluated by DPPH assay and the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and antifungal activity against Fusarium sp. and Aspergillus niger was studied by Agar well cut diffusion method. All of the extracts exhibited different antioxidant and antibacterial activities and the activities varied from solvent to solvent, and the activities are concentrated. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were compared with the positive control Ascorbic acid and Cefuroxime. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was carried out and found to possess bioactive compounds like alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CARICA PAPAYA L. SEEDS GROWN IN THE REPUBLIC OF YEMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Nabil Q. M. Al-Hajj
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Alkaloids

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of Carica papaya L. seeds extracts collected from Al Hudaydah city, Yemen (Latitude: 14°47′52″ N Longitude: 42°57′16″ E) during the months of January and February 2021. The seed was extracted with different solvents by the cold percolation method. The disk diffusion method was employed to assess the antibacterial activity of the seed extract against six bacterial and four fungal strains. Spectrometric methods were employed to calculate the total alkaloids, anthocyanin, flavonoid, phenolic, quinones, saponin, steroids, terpenoid, tannin, and phenols contents, as well as the antioxidant activities. Antibacterial and antifungal activity tests exhibited that the selected microorganisms are highly sensitive to the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of C. papaya L. seeds, followed by chloroform, water, and n-hexane extracts. The samples also demonstrated a significant DPPH, FRAP, and APTS radical scavenging activity. Additionally, the preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoid, terpenoid, saponin, alkaloids, steroids, quinones, anthocyanin, tannin, and phenols, all of which potentially contribute to the antimicrobial activities of C. papaya L. seeds.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Fe(III) and Cu(II) Complexes with 2,4-Dinitrophenyl hydrazine and Thiocyanate Ions

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-784
Author(s):  
P. Manimaran ◽  
S. Balasubramaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Ligand ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Spectral Studies

The metal complexes of Fe(III) and Cu(II) were prepared by using 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) and thiocyanate (SCN) with stirrer refluxed for about 6 h. The prepared Fe(III) and Cu(II) complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility and electronic spectrum, FT-IR spectral studies. The result suggested the octahedral geometry for Fe(III) and Cu(II) complexes. Powder X-ray diffraction indicate the crystalline nature of the metal complexes. The antimicrobial activities of the Fe(III) and Cu(II) complexes were tested with various micro organisms by disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial results indicate that the metal complexes are highly active with compared to the free ligand. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the free ligand and its metal complexes was assayed by radical scavenging activity (DPPH). The result proposed that Fe (III) and Cu(II) complexes exhibited strong antioxidant activity than that of the ligand.

scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anti Gout Potential of Aqueous Seed Extract of Punica granatum - An in vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
V. Jayavarsha ◽  
R. Gayathri ◽  
V. Vishnu Priya ◽  
J. Selvaraj ◽  
S. Kavitha
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
P Value ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis

Background: Punica granatum belongs to the family punicaceae. Pomegranate has a reservoir of secondary metabolites which possess free radical scavenging activity. Pomegranate has high antioxidants content, which helps in the delayed progress of atherosclerosis, cancer and ageing. Gout is a chronic metabolic disease. It is caused due to increased deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints. It is caused due to increased intake of purine rich food. Xanthine oxidase converts hypoxanthine to uric acid. Xanthine oxidase (XO) plays an important role in the regulation of production of uric acid. Many research has been done in the extract to analyse the pharmacological characteristics and its beneficial uses. Pomegranate is widely consumed and used as preventive and therapeutic agents. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti gout activity of aqueous seed extract of Punica granatum. Methods: Aqueous seed extract of Punica granatum was prepared and analysed for its phytochemical, antioxidant and anti gout potential by using statistical methods. Results: Phytochemicals such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids were present in aqueous extract of Punica granatum. IC50 of antioxidant activity of aqueous seed extract of Punica granatum was found to be 280µg/ml. The extract also exhibited anti gout potential with an IC50 = 310 µg/ml. P value is < 0.05 so, it is significant. Conclusion: Aqueous seed extract of punica granatum can be used to treat gout and to combat various other disorders and also have antioxidant and phytochemical activity. It will be an alternative for synthetic drugs. Herbal extracts are more preferred for its accessibility, cost effectiveness and less side effects. The combined effects of antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitors will be helpful in hyperuricemia treatment.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial evaluation of toothpastes with natural compounds

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 580-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila de Camargo Smolarek ◽  
Luis Antonio Esmerino ◽  
Ana Cláudia Chibinski ◽  
Marcelo Carlos Bortoluzzi ◽  
Elizabete Brasil dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

ABSTRACT Objectives: This in vitro study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of commercial toothpastes containing natural compounds. Materials and Methods: The study groups were divided based on the natural compound present in the toothpaste composition: Sorbitol (I), tocopherol (II), mint (III), cinnamon/mint (IV), propolis/melaleuca (V), mint/açai (VI), mint/guarana (VII), propolis (VIII), negative control (IX), and the positive control (X). The antimicrobial properties of the toothpastes were tested using the disk diffusion method against oral pathogens: Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. The resulting inhibition halos were measured in millimeters. Results: The data indicated that the bacteria responded differently to the toothpastes (P < 0.0001). The diameters of the inhibition halos against S. mutans were in decreasing order of efficacy: Propolis/melaleuca > mint/guarana > mint/açai > sorbitol > tocopherol > cinnamon/mint > propolis > mint (P < 0.001 vs. negative control). E. faecalis showed variable responses to the dentifrices in the following order of decreasing efficacy: Mint/guarana > propolis > sorbitol > mint/açai > tocopherol > cinnamon/mint > mint = propolis/melaleuca = negative control. The product with the highest antimicrobial activity was mint/guarana, which was significantly different than propolis/melaleuca, mint, cinnamon/mint, and tocopherol and negative control (P < 0.001). The statistical analysis indicated that propolis, sorbitol, and mint/açai did not show any differences compared to mint/guarana (P > 0.05) and positive control (P > 0.05). P. aeruginosa was resistant to all dental gels tested including positive control. Conclusion: The toothpastes with natural compounds have therapeutic potential and need more detailed searches for the correct clinic therapeutic application. The results from this study revealed differences in the antimicrobial activities of commercial toothpastes with natural compounds.

ANALYSIS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICALS, ANTIOXIDANTS, AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF FICUS TSJAHELA BURM. F LEAF, BARK, AND FRUIT EXTRACTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
THAMARAIKANI V ◽  
AMALA S DIVYA ◽  
SEKAR T
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Acetobacter Aceti ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Fruit Samples

Objective: Ficus tsjahela Burm. f is a medicinal tree species, endemic to the Western Ghats having various healing properties. This study focused to check the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the leaf, bark, and fruit samples of F. tsjahela. Methods: The plant samples were subjected to Soxhlet extraction for phytochemical analysis and further experimental studies. The test on phytochemical studies indicated the presence of alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, and flavonol glycosides within the plant parts, respectively. The estimation of alkaloids, saponins, in vitro antioxidant, and antibacterial activities revealed that the methanol bark extracts have high activity compared to others. Results: Total alkaloid and saponin content was found to be high in leaf methanol extract was 996.17 mg/g quinine equivalent/g and 957.3 mg/g diosgenin equivalent/g, respectively. In vitro antioxidant assays revealed a strong radical scavenging potential of the methanol bark extract against stable (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), phosphomolybdenum, and superoxide radicals. Agar well diffusion method has been used to determine the antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Acetobacter aceti, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Conclusion: The bark methanol extract of F. tsjahela has exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity and significant antibacterial activity (p<0.05) against all tested bacterial strains observed.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Inhibitory Effects of Punica Granatum Gel on Cariogenic Bacteria: An in vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grazielle Millo ◽  
Apa Juntavee ◽  
Ariya Ratanathongkam ◽  
Natsajee Nualkaew ◽  
Peerapattana, Jomjai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Cariogenic Bacteria ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACT Aim This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial effects of the formulated Punica granatum (PG) gel against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Lactobacillus casei. Materials and methods The PG extract was dissolved in water at 500 mg/mL. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for identification and quantification of chemical marker punicalagin. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and time-kill assay (TKA) were investigated. Antibacterial activities of the formulated PG gel, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel and blank gel were tested by measuring the zones of inhibition through agar well diffusion method. Results The HPLC results showed presence of punicalagin at 2023.58 ± 25.29 μg/mL in the aqueous PG extract and at 0.234% (w/w) in the formulated PG gel. The MBC for S. mutans, S. Sanguinis, and L. casei were 250, 125, and 500 mg/mL respectively. The TKA of 500 mg/mL aqueous PG extract showed total inhibition of S. mutans, S. Sanguinis, and L. casei at 6, 1, and 24 hours contact time respectively. Agar well diffusion revealed that for S. mutans, CHX gel > PG gel > blank gel; for S. sanguinis, CHX gel = PG gel > blank gel; for L. casei, CHX gel > PG gel = blank gel. Comparison of the PG gel potency showed that S. sanguinis = S. mutans > L. casei. Conclusion The PG gel equivalent to 0.234% punicalagin (w/w) inhibited S. mutans and S. sanguinis but not L. casei within 24 hours incubation period and has the potential to be used for caries prevention. How to cite this article Millo G, Juntavee A, Ratanathongkam A, Nualkaew N, Peerapattana J, Chatchiwiwattana S. Antibacterial Inhibitory Effects of Punica Granatum Gel on Cariogenic Bacteria: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):152-157.

Polyphenol Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Aqueous Algerian Propolis Extracts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.K. Soltani ◽  
K. Zaim ◽  
K. Mokhnache ◽  
N. Haichour ◽  
S. Mezaache-Aichour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Aqueous Extracts

The propolis, an extremely complex resinous material, exhibits valuable pharmacological and biological properties, mainly attributed to the presence of polyphenols. The composition of propolis depends on time, vegetation, and the area of collection. Total flavonoid and polyphenol contents of aqueous extracts of propolis samples from different areas of Algeria, determined by using aluminum chloride and Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric methods, were in the range of 3.047 ± 0.004–5.273 ± 0.013 mg/g and 96.833 ± 0.027–458.833 ± 0.0005 mg/g crude extract of propolis, respectively. This study examined the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of propolis. Aqueous extracts of propolis were obtained in order to evaluate their antioxidant activities by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, β-carotene and electrochemical assays. All tested propolis samples had relatively strong antioxidant activities, which were also correlated with the total polyphenol and flavonoid content present. The percentage of inhibition of lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion during 24 h varied between 86.04 ± 0.42 and 90.60 ± 3.77% among the tested samples. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed by ABAL (Ain Abassa Aqueous Extract) with IC50 = 8.49 ± 5.07 10−5 μg/ml, and the lowest was observed by SAL (Setif Aqueous Extract) with IC50 of 21.16 ± 0.0001 μg/ml. The most important antibacterial activity was obtained with Ain Abassa extract; the zones of inhibition obtained for this excerpt vary from 15.22 to 15.5 mm. Followed by the Setif extract with areas of 12.33 to 12.75 mm, the Tizi-Ouzou extract with areas of 10.11 to 11.11 mm. This study will bring an innovation for further studies with regard to the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the aqueous extracts of propolis. This study corroborates that Algerian propolis is a rich source of natural antioxidants, properties which could be used in the prevention of different diseases, both in humans and in animals.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant Power, and Antibacterial Activity of Herniaria hirsuta from Morocco

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenza Ammor ◽  
Dalila Bousta ◽  
Sanae Jennan ◽  
Bahia Bennani ◽  
Abdellah Chaqroune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts for aerial parts of Herniaria hirsuta. Extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activities by three tests: DPPH free radical-scavenging, reducing power, and molybdenum systems. The screening of antibacterial activity of extracts was individually evaluated against sixteen bacteria species using a disc diffusion method. Flavonoids, total phenols, and tannins content were performed for both extracts. It shows higher content in the hydroethanolic extract. The hydroethanolic extract showed a significant antioxidant activity for the three methods studies to the aqueous extract, but nonsignificant results compared to the reference (BHT). However, both extracts have negative effect on the strains studies for the antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Antioxidant Properties of Methanol and Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Geophila obvallata

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Iserhienrhien Lucky Osafanme ◽  
Okolie Paulinus Ngozi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Reducing Ability

Aim: This study investigated the phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant properties of methanol and aqueous leaf extracts of Geophila obvallata using standard methods. Materials and Methods: The in vitro antioxidant assays carried out were 1, 1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability, Nitric oxide (NO•) radical scavenging activity assay, 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS•+) radical cation scavenging assay, ferric reducing properties and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, steroids, saponins, terpernoids and cardiac glycosides in both extracts. Relative to the aqueous extract, the methanol extract contained a higher amount of the secondary metabolites. However, both extracts exhibited appreciable and dose-dependent capacities for quenching DPPH, ABTS•+ and NO• free radicals, and potent ferric reducing ability to levels comparable to those of ascorbic acid. The crude methanol extract showed significantly increased (P<0.05) antioxidant activity than the aqueous extract. Conclusion: It was concluded that the extract possesses strong antioxidant properties due to its content of phytochemicals, and provides scientific basis for its ethno medicinal applications.

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