scholarly journals Exprerimental Evaluation of a Dedicated Pinhole SPECT System for Small Animal Imaging and Scintimammography

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
S. David ◽  
M. Georgiou ◽  
E. Fysikopoulos ◽  
G. Loudos
Keyword(s):  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Small Animal Imaging ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Pinhole Collimator ◽  
Parallel Hole Collimator ◽  
Photon Counting Mode ◽  
Position Sensitive Photomultiplier Tube

Nuclear medicine (SPECT and PET) provides functional information, which is complementary to the structural. In cancer imaging radiopharmaceuticals allow visualization of cancer cells functionality, thus small cell population can be imaged. This allows early diagnosis, as well as fast assessment of response to therapy. Our system is a single head gamma camera based on an R3292 position sensitive photomultiplier tube (PSPMT), coupled to a 10cm in diameter CsI:Tl crystal. We have assessed two CsI:Tl crystals with pixel size of 2x2mm2 and 3x3mm2 respectively. Three collimators were tested: a) a hexagonal, 1.1mm in diameter, general purpose parallel hole collimator b) a 1mm pinhole and c) a 2mm pinhole. Systems were tested using capillary phantoms. All measurements were carried out in photon counting mode with gamma radiation produced by 99mTc. Using the 2x2mm2 crystal and the 1mm pinhole collimator - a resolution better than 1mm was achieved. This allows very detailed imaging of small animals. Using the 3x3mm2 and the 2mm pinhole collimator a resolution of 1.3mm was possible with suitable sensitivity for breast imaging. Those results indicate that this system is suitable for animal and breast studies. The next step will be clinical evaluation of the camera.

Simulation of PIXSCAN, a photon counting micro-CT for small animal imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (05) ◽  
pp. P05012-P05012 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Cassol Brunner ◽  
R Khoury ◽  
D Benoit ◽  
C Meessen ◽  
A Bonissent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Small Animal Imaging ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Animal Imaging

scholarly journals State of the art in vivo imaging techniques for laboratory animals

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tibor Lauber ◽  
András Fülöp ◽  
Tibor Kovács ◽  
Krisztián Szigeti ◽  
Domokos Máthé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Small Animal Imaging ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Animal Imaging

In recent decades, imaging devices have become indispensable tools in the basic sciences, in preclinical research and in modern drug development. The rapidly evolving high-resolution in vivo imaging technologies provide a unique opportunity for studying biological processes of living organisms in real time on a molecular level. State of the art small-animal imaging modalities provide non-invasive images rich in quantitative anatomical and functional information, which renders longitudinal studies possible allowing precise monitoring of disease progression and response to therapy in models of different diseases. The number of animals in a scientific investigation can be substantially reduced using imaging techniques, which is in full compliance with the ethical endeavours for the 3R (reduction, refinement, replacement) policies formulated by Russell and Burch; furthermore, biological variability can be alleviated, as each animal serves as its own control. The most suitable and commonly used imaging modalities for in vivo small-animal imaging are optical imaging (OI), ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and finally the methods of nuclear medicine: positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).

Small Animal Imaging in Drug Development

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (25) ◽  
pp. 3247-3272 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pomper ◽  
J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Small Animal Imaging ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Animal Imaging

scholarly journals UVscope and its application aboard the ASTRI-Horn telescope

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Concetta Maccarone ◽  
Giovanni La Rosa ◽  
Osvaldo Catalano ◽  
Salvo Giarrusso ◽  
Alberto Segreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Light Flux ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
High Energy Astrophysics ◽  
Single Photon Counting ◽  
Photon Counting Mode

AbstractUVscope is an instrument, based on a multi-pixel photon detector, developed to support experimental activities for high-energy astrophysics and cosmic ray research. The instrument, working in single photon counting mode, is designed to directly measure light flux in the wavelengths range 300-650 nm. The instrument can be used in a wide field of applications where the knowledge of the nocturnal environmental luminosity is required. Currently, one UVscope instrument is allocated onto the external structure of the ASTRI-Horn Cherenkov telescope devoted to the gamma-ray astronomy at very high energies. Being co-aligned with the ASTRI-Horn camera axis, UVscope can measure the diffuse emission of the night sky background simultaneously with the ASTRI-Horn camera, without any interference with the main telescope data taking procedures. UVscope is properly calibrated and it is used as an independent reference instrument for test and diagnostic of the novel ASTRI-Horn telescope.

scholarly journals Detectivity optimization to detect of ultraweak light fluxes with an EM-CCD as binary photon counter array

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibtissame Khaoua ◽  
Guillaume Graciani ◽  
Andrey Kim ◽  
François Amblard
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Strong Nonlinearity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Spatially Extended ◽  
Extended Sources ◽  
Photon Counting Mode

AbstractFor a wide range of purposes, one faces the challenge to detect light from extremely faint and spatially extended sources. In such cases, detector noises dominate over the photon noise of the source, and quantum detectors in photon counting mode are generally the best option. Here, we combine a statistical model with an in-depth analysis of detector noises and calibration experiments, and we show that visible light can be detected with an electron-multiplying charge-coupled devices (EM-CCD) with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 3 for fluxes less than $$30\,{\text{photon}}\,{\text{s}}^{ - 1} \,{\text{cm}}^{ - 2}$$ 30 photon s - 1 cm - 2 . For green photons, this corresponds to 12 aW $${\text{cm}}^{ - 2}$$ cm - 2 ≈ $$9{ } \times 10^{ - 11}$$ 9 × 10 - 11 lux, i.e. 15 orders of magnitude less than typical daylight. The strong nonlinearity of the SNR with the sampling time leads to a dynamic range of detection of 4 orders of magnitude. To detect possibly varying light fluxes, we operate in conditions of maximal detectivity $${\mathcal{D}}$$ D rather than maximal SNR. Given the quantum efficiency $$QE\left( \lambda \right)$$ Q E λ of the detector, we find $${ \mathcal{D}} = 0.015\,{\text{photon}}^{ - 1} \,{\text{s}}^{1/2} \,{\text{cm}}$$ D = 0.015 photon - 1 s 1 / 2 cm , and a non-negligible sensitivity to blackbody radiation for T > 50 °C. This work should help design highly sensitive luminescence detection methods and develop experiments to explore dynamic phenomena involving ultra-weak luminescence in biology, chemistry, and material sciences.

Scientific visualization in small animal imaging

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Kindlmann ◽  
Richard A. Normann ◽  
Arun Badi ◽  
Charles Keller ◽  
Greg M. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Visualization ◽  
Small Animal Imaging ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Animal Imaging

Multi-Contrast OCTA for Small Animal Imaging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Destiny Hsu ◽  
Ji Hoon Kwon ◽  
Marinko V. Sarunic ◽  
Myeong Jin Ju
Keyword(s):  
Small Animal Imaging ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Animal Imaging
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