scholarly journals Energy Cycle Optimization of Mobile Phones Using A Sleep Cycle Optimization Algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 4389-4391
Author(s):  
S. Murawwat ◽  
I. Manzoor ◽  
H. Akash ◽  
J. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sleep Cycle ◽  
Sleep Mode ◽  
Ieee 802.16E ◽  
T Distribution

Researchers and mobile network operators are dealing with the steep rise in energy consumption of mobile phones. A massive amount of phones are available in the market which are updating services from time to time. The problem lies in their battery drainage in response to the usage of internet-based applications including online streaming, multimedia requests, social networking usage and many more. In this research, a new technique is proposed and evaluated for energy optimization in mobile phones by exploiting the listening cycle of the mobile station (MS) wake-up mode while connected to the base station (BS) that is connected to a mobile network based on IEEE 802.16e. An MS cannot communicate with the BS if it is in the sleep mode while the other is in the wake-up mode. Service time and sojourn time are assumed to be exponential and based on t-distribution. The confidence interval comes up to 95% for our technique. The relative error is computed between the earlier techniques available and the approximated proposed one. Results show that there is a considerable improvement in energy consumption as compared to the other available techniques.

scholarly journals Delay versus energy consumption of the IEEE 802.16e sleep-mode mechanism

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5383-5387 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vuyst ◽  
K. Turck ◽  
D. Fiems ◽  
S. Wittevrongel ◽  
H. Bruneel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sleep Mode ◽  
Ieee 802.16E

A Mobility-Aware Task Scheduling Model in Mobile Grid

2013 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1786-1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Qiang Xu ◽  
Ming Yin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Task Scheduling ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Base Station ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mobile Grid ◽  
Scheduling Model ◽  
Energy Constrained ◽  
Mobile Grids

The mobile grids bring some additional features into the grid, such as mobility, energy-constrained, etc. And the task scheduling becomes a more challenge thing. We propose a mobile grid task scheduling model considering the mobility of both user and resource, and the resource energy consumption. Through analyzing the architecture of mobile grid, a mathematical model is built to calculate the average distance between the resource and Base Station (BS). Then, it can decide which mobile grid the mobile devices are apt to stay in, which can deal with the mobility of mobile devices. On the other hand, the resource energy consumption is also considered, which ensure that the resources have enough energy to finish the task. As a result, the task can be assigned to the best resources in the suitable mobile grids. The failures may happen in the task scheduling because of many unpredictable factors. So the fault-tolerance scheme based on the notion of replication is proposed.

scholarly journals An Empirical Modelling for the Baseline Energy Consumption of an NB-IoT Radio Transceiver

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sikandar Khan ◽  
Muhamamd Mahtab Alam ◽  
yannick LeMoullec ◽  
alar Kussik ◽  
sven parand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Empirical Modelling ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Radio Transceiver

NarrowBand Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an emerging cellular IoT technology that offers attractive features for deploying low-power wide area networks suitable for implementing massive machine type communications. NB-IoT features include e.g. extended coverage and deep penetration for massive connectivity, longer battery-life, appropriate throughput and desired latency at lower bandwidth. Regarding the device energy consumption, NB-IoT is mostly under-estimated for its control and signaling overheads, which calls for a better understanding of the energy consumption profiling of an NB-IoT radio transceiver. With this aim, this work presents a thorough investigation of the energy consumption profiling of Radio Resource Control (RRC) communication protocol between an NB-IoT radio transceiver and a cellular base-station. Using two different commercial off the shelf NB-IoT boards and two Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) NB-IoT test networks operational at Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia, we propose an empirical baseline energy consumption model. Based on comprehensive analyses of the profile traces from the widely used BG96 NB-IoT module operating in various states of RRC protocol, our results indicate that the proposed model accurately depicts the baseline energy consumption of an NB-IoT radio transceiver while operating at different coverage class levels. The evaluation errors for our proposed model vary between 0.33% and 15.38%.<br>

scholarly journals Energy Efficient and Delay Aware 5G Multi-Tier Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Nahina Islam ◽  
Ammar Alazab ◽  
Johnson Agbinya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Sleep Mode ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Markov Decision

Multi-tier heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) with dense deployment of small cells in 5G networks are expected to effectively meet the ever increasing data traffic demands and offer improved coverage in indoor environments. However, HetNets are raising major concerns to mobile network operators such as complex distributed control plane management, handover management issue, increases latency and increased energy expenditures. Sleep mode implementation in multi-tier 5G networks has proven to be a very good approach for reducing energy expenditures. In this paper, a Markov Decision Process (MDP)-based algorithm is proposed to switch between three different power consumption modes of a base station (BS) for improving the energy efficiency and reducing latency in 5G networks. The MDP-based approach intelligently switches between the states of the BS based on the offered traffic while maintaining a prescribed minimum channel rate per user. Simulation results show that the proposed MDP algorithm together with the three-state BSs results in a significant gain in terms of energy efficiency and latency.

scholarly journals TLFW: A Three-Layer Framework in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Network with a Mobile Base Station

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Anwen Wang ◽  
Xianjia Meng ◽  
Lvju Wang ◽  
Xiang Ji ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

Wireless sensor networks as the base support for the Internet of things have been a large number of popularity and application. Such as intelligent agriculture, we have to use the sensor network to obtain the growing environment data of crops and others. However, the difficulty of power supply of wireless nodes has seriously hindered the application and development of Internet of things. In order to solve this problem, people use low-power sleep scheduling and other energy-saving methods on the nodes. Although these methods can prolong the working time of nodes, they will eventually become invalid because of the exhaustion of energy. The use of solar energy, wind energy, and wireless signals in the environment to obtain energy is another way to solve the energy problem of nodes. However, these methods are affected by weather, environment, and other factors, and they are unstable. Thus, the discontinuity work of the node is caused. In recent years, the development of wireless power transfer (WPT) has brought another solution to this problem. In this paper, a three-layer framework is proposed for mobile station data collection in rechargeable wireless sensor networks to keep the node running forever, named TLFW which includes the sensor layer, cluster head layer, and mobile station layer. And the framework can minimize the total energy consumption of the system. The simulation results show that the scheme can reduce the energy consumption of the entire system, compared with a Mobile Station in a Rechargeable Sensor Network (MSiRSN).

The energy consumption and health hazards of mobile phones

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 896-904
Author(s):  
Manivannan S Velmurugan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Other Hand

Mobile phones are universally popular due to their convenience. Mobile phones solve problems and offer new channels of communication by using a device small enough to fit into one hand. On the other hand, mobile phones may be harmful to the environment and health, and waste disposal problems may be associated with their use. This study discusses the risks associated with mobile phone use and addresses the options to rectify those issues in the longer term.

scholarly journals An Empirical Modelling for the Baseline Energy Consumption of an NB-IoT Radio Transceiver

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sikandar Khan ◽  
Muhamamd Mahtab Alam ◽  
yannick LeMoullec ◽  
alar Kussik ◽  
sven parand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Empirical Modelling ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Radio Transceiver

NarrowBand Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an emerging cellular IoT technology that offers attractive features for deploying low-power wide area networks suitable for implementing massive machine type communications. NB-IoT features include e.g. extended coverage and deep penetration for massive connectivity, longer battery-life, appropriate throughput and desired latency at lower bandwidth. Regarding the device energy consumption, NB-IoT is mostly under-estimated for its control and signaling overheads, which calls for a better understanding of the energy consumption profiling of an NB-IoT radio transceiver. With this aim, this work presents a thorough investigation of the energy consumption profiling of Radio Resource Control (RRC) communication protocol between an NB-IoT radio transceiver and a cellular base-station. Using two different commercial off the shelf NB-IoT boards and two Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) NB-IoT test networks operational at Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia, we propose an empirical baseline energy consumption model. Based on comprehensive analyses of the profile traces from the widely used BG96 NB-IoT module operating in various states of RRC protocol, our results indicate that the proposed model accurately depicts the baseline energy consumption of an NB-IoT radio transceiver while operating at different coverage class levels. The evaluation errors for our proposed model vary between 0.33% and 15.38%.<br>

scholarly journals An Energy Efficient Load Balancing Protocol for Multi-Hop Clustering in Wireless Sensor Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2270-2275
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sleep Mode ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Active Mode ◽  
Redundant Data

Cluster based WSNs is a rising and empowering technical knowledge with the achievable to revolutionize Data Communication Technology. The purpose of WSN stretch out to diverse areas such as the security and surveillance, Medical and Health, Military related application, Agriculture, Entertainment and so on. In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the sensor nodes are highly distributed in order to sense and transform information to base station. However, the major challenge in WSN is to avoid collision and energy dissipation due to redundant data and thereby extending the network lifetime. To address this issue, a novel energy efficient load balancing protocol (EELB) for data forwarding in multi-hop clustering based WSN is proposed. EELB is a hierarchal cluster-based protocol which schedules the sensor nodes to different modes namely sleep mode and active mode by probing the data transformed to decrease energy consumption effectively. A sensor node is set to sleep mode when it senses and transfers redundant data for an extended time. The other sensor nodes remain enabled in active mode for sensing and transmission of data packets. Also, the proposed protocol selects a reliable cluster head based on remaining residual energy level and trust value of each node. The Simulation outcomes depicts that the proposed EELB protocol performs well than conventional protocol with respect to average energy consumption, lifetime of nodes and the Packet Delivery Ratio.

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