scholarly journals Ground-penetrating Radar Accurately Locates Tree Roots in Two Soil Media Under Pavement

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Nina Bassuk ◽  
Jason Grabosky ◽  
Anthony Mucciardi ◽  
Gary Raffel
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Compacted Soils ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Soil Media ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Root Location

This study involved locating tree roots with a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system and then examining excavated roots in the same soil volume to compare the accuracy of the GPR system with true root location. In 2003, Acer platanoides ‘Emerald Queen’ Norway maples were planted in trenches containing two compacted soils (native silt loam and CU-Structural Soil). The trenches were paved with 10 cm of concrete. In 2008, a GPR system consisting of a 900 MHz antenna mounted on a root-scanning cart was used to conduct linear scans on top of the concrete. Immediately after scanning, the concrete was removed for selected trees and whole root systems were excavated (as an entire system attached to the tree trunk) using an air excavation tool. Regression analysis using mixed effect models showed that the radar reliably predicted root presence in both the native and structural soils. The root count correlations were r2 = 0.76 and r2 = 0.81 for the native and structural soils, respectively. In the compacted native soil under concrete, the radar out-put overestimated the presence of roots at the minimum detection diameter but did provide a signal associated with root presence at this detection level. In the structural soil under concrete, the radar output reliably predicted roots with only slight overestimation. This study showed that GPR data reliably predicted the presence and locations of roots under the concrete pavement in two compacted soils.

scholarly journals 3D Ground Penetrating Radar to Detect Tree Roots and Estimate Root Biomass in the Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 5754-5773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiping Zhu ◽  
Chunlin Huang ◽  
Yi Su ◽  
Motoyuki Sato
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Ground Penetrating

scholarly journals Detection of Tree Roots in an Urban Area with the Use of Ground Penetrating Radar

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Krainyukov ◽  
Igor Lyaksa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Secondary Processing ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
The Given

Abstract The paper is devoted to using ground penetrating radar (GPR) for the detection of tree roots in an urban area, since GPR allow detect the hidden objects in non invasive way. It is necessary exactly to know the growth direction, thickness and depth of the roots of the tree to confidently assert about the tree root influence on the technical condition of engineering objects and structures: of the buildings, of pavements, of roadway, of engineering communications and etc. The aim of the given research was experimentally to evaluation the possibilities of detection of tree roots in an urban area with the use of GPR on frequency 400 MHz and of algorithms of secondary processing of GPR signals. Results of interpretation of radar profile and evacuation of soil around tree show the possibility of detection of the tree roots and the determination of their parameters using one or two radar concentric profiles.

scholarly journals Quantification of Soil Organic Carbon in Biochar-Amended Soil Using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 2874
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Shen ◽  
Tyler Foster ◽  
Heather Baldi ◽  
Iliyana Dobreva ◽  
Byron Burson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Naïve Bayes ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Ground Penetrating

The application of biochar amendments to soil has been proposed as a strategy for mitigating global carbon (C) emissions and soil organic carbon (SOC) loss. Biochar can provide additional agronomic benefits to cropping systems, including improved crop yield, soil water holding capacity, seed germination, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and soil pH. To maximize the beneficial effects of biochar amendments towards the inventory, increase, and management of SOC pools, nondestructive analytical methods such as ground penetrating radar (GPR) are needed to identify and quantify belowground C. The use of GPR has been well characterized across geological, archaeological, engineering, and military applications. While GPR has been predominantly utilized to detect relatively large objects such as rocks, tree roots, land mines, and peat soils, the objective of this study was to quantify comparatively smaller, particulate sources of SOC. This research used three materials as C sources: biochar, graphite, and activated C. The C sources were mixed with sand—12 treatments in total—and scanned under three moisture levels: 0%, 10%, and 20% to simulate different soil conditions. GPR attribute analyses and Naïve Bayes predictive models were utilized in lieu of visualization methods because of the minute size of the C particles. Significant correlations between GPR attributes and both C content and moisture levels were detected. The accuracy of two predictive models using a Naïve Bayes classifier for C content was trivial but the accuracy for C structure was 56%. The analyses confirmed the ability of GPR to identify differences in both C content and C structure. Beneficial future applications could focus on applying GPR across more diverse soil conditions.

Preliminary use of ground-penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography to study tree roots in pine forests and poplar plantations

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terenzio Zenone ◽  
Gianfranco Morelli ◽  
Maurizio Teobaldelli ◽  
Federico Fischanger ◽  
Marco Matteucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Shape Distribution ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Ground Penetrating

In this study, we assess the possibility of using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) as indirect non-destructive techniques for root detection. Two experimental sites were investigated: a poplar plantation [mean height of plants 25.7 m, diameter at breast height (dbh) 33 cm] and a pinewood forest mainly composed of Pinus pinea L. and Pinus pinaster Ait. (mean height 17 m, dbh 29 cm). GPR measures were taken using antennas of 900 and 1500 MHz applied in square and circular grids. ERT was previously tested along 2-D lines, compared with GPR sections and direct observation of the roots, and then using a complete 3-D acquisition technique. Three-dimensional reconstructions using grids of electrodes centred and evenly spaced around the tree were used in all cases (poplar and pine), and repeated in different periods in the pine forest (April, June and September) to investigate the influence of water saturation on the results obtainable. The investigated roots systems were entirely excavated using AIR-SPADE Series 2000. In order to acquire morphological information on the root system, to be compared with the GPR and ERT, poplar and pine roots were scanned using a portable on ground scanning LIDAR. In test sections analysed around the poplar trees, GPR with a high frequency antenna proved to be able to detect roots with very small diameters and different angles, with the geometry of survey lines ruling the intensity of individual reflectors. The comparison between 3-D images of the extracted roots obtained with a laser scan data point cloud and the GPR profile proved the potential of high density 3-D GPR in mapping the entire system in unsaturated soil, with a preference for sandy and silty terrain, with problems arising when clay is predominant. Clutter produced by gravel and pebbles, mixed with the presence of roots, can also be sources of noise for the GPR signals. The work performed on the pine trees shows that the shape, distribution and volume of roots system, can be coupled to the 3-D electrical resistivity variation of the soil model map. Geophysical surveys can be a useful approach to root investigation in describing both the shape and behaviour of the roots in the subsoil.

Dielectric permittivity effects in the detection of tree roots using ground-penetrating radar

2021 ◽  
pp. 104435
Author(s):  
Guilherme Zakarewicz de Aguiar ◽  
Luísa Lins ◽  
Matheus Figueredo de Paulo ◽  
Susanne Tainá Ramalho Maciel ◽  
Amanda Almeida Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Permittivity ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Using Ground-Penetrating Radar to Detect Tree Roots and Estimate Biomass

2011 ◽  
pp. 213-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Butnor ◽  
Craig Barton ◽  
Frank P. Day ◽  
Kurt H. Johnsen ◽  
Anthony N. Mucciardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Ground Penetrating
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