scholarly journals Aboveground Growth Response of Platanus orientalis to Porous Pavements

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Justin Morgenroth ◽  
Rien Visser
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Platanus Orientalis ◽  
Aboveground Growth

Integrating healthy, mature trees into paved urban environments is a challenging task for urban foresters, as impervious pavements are associated with reduced tree growth and survival. It is thought that porous pavements may alleviate this problem due to their permeability to air and water. The authors of the following study tested whether porous pavements affect tree growth relative to impervious pavements by measuring aboveground growth in trees treated with an augmented factorial arrangement of pavement profile designs and pavement types. Fifty oriental plane (Platanus orientalis) seedlings were evenly distributed to control plots or one of four treatments. Treated plots were characterized either by porous or impervious pavement pads measuring 2.3 m × 2.3 m, that were underlain either by fine sandy loam or a gravel base and compacted subgrade, reflecting two pavement profile designs. Results show stem height, diameter, and biomass increased as a result of porous pavements. Greater growth proffered by porous pavements was negated by profile designs including a compacted subgrade and gravel base. Finally, impervious pavements did not negatively influence tree growth, relative to control trees.

scholarly journals Root Growth Response of Platanus orientalis to Porous Pavements

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Justin Morgenroth
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Shallow Soil ◽  
Platanus Orientalis ◽  
Porous Pavement ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Root Abundance

An experiment was established to determine the effect of porous pavement on underlying root growth. An augmented factorial arrangementof pavement profile designs and pavement types was installed and fifty Platanus orientalis seedlings were evenly distributed to control plots or one of four treatments. Treated plots were characterized by either porous or impervious pavement pads measuring 2.3 m × 2.3 m, and underlain by either fine sandy loam or a gravel base and compacted subgrade, reflecting two pavement profile designs. Following two growing seasons, root abundance was categorized by diameter and depth. Results suggest root abundance is greater, especially at shallow soil depths, under pavements. Pavements designed with a compacted subgrade and gravel base only exacerbated shallow root growth, though they could decrease total root abundance. Finally, porous and impervious pavements affected root abundance and distribution in similar ways, dismissing the use of porous pavements to promote deeper rooting.

THE EFFECT OF ANTECEDENT FREEZE-THAW FREQUENCY ON RUNOFF AND SOIL LOSS FROM FROZEN SOIL WITH AND WITHOUT SUBSOIL COMPACTION AND GROUND COVER

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINNELL M. EDWARDS ◽  
J. R. BURNEY
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Sediment Loss ◽  
Freezing Period ◽  
Subsoil Compaction

Three soils from Prince Edward Island (a loam, a fine sandy loam, and a sandy loam) were tested under a laboratory rainfall simulator to examine the effects of frequency of freezing and thawing, winter rye cover, incorporated cereal residue, and subsoil compaction on runoff volume and sediment loss. Wooden soil boxes were subjected to simulated rain (i) at the end of a 10-d freezing period, and (ii) at the end of the 5th 24-h freezing period of a 10-d alternating freeze-thaw cycle (freeze/thaw). Where the soil was continuously frozen for 10 d, there was 178% greater sediment loss and 160% greater runoff than with daily freeze/thaw over the same period, but there was no difference in sediment concentration. Incorporated cereal residue decreased sediment loss to 50% and runoff to 77% of that from bare soil. Winter rye cover decreased sediment loss to 73% of that from bare soil. Simulated soil compaction caused a 45% increase in sediment loss. The loam soil showed 16.5% greater loss of fine sediment fractions <0.075 mm than the fine sandy loam which showed 23.4% greater loss than the sandy loam. Key words: Freeze-thaw, erosion, compaction, winter rye, cereal residue, rainfall simulator, Prince Edward Island soils

CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIDALGO FINE SANDY LOAM

Soil Science ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 457-468
Author(s):  
F. L. WYND ◽  
G. R. NOGGLE
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam

scholarly journals Architectural analysis of root systems of mature trees in sandy loam soils using the root development classification

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
ZHU Wei ◽  
◽  
YU Li-Xuan ◽  
ZHAO De-Hai ◽  
JIA Li-Ming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Architectural Analysis

scholarly journals Insect herbivory on urban trees: Complementary effects of tree neighbours and predation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Stemmelen ◽  
Alain Paquette ◽  
Marie-Lise Benot ◽  
Yasmine Kadiri ◽  
Hervé Jactel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
List Type ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Predator Attack ◽  
Peer Community ◽  
Survival Tree

AbstractInsect herbivory is an important component of forest ecosystems functioning and can affect tree growth and survival. Tree diversity is known to influence insect herbivory in natural forest, with most studies reporting a decrease in herbivory with increasing tree diversity. Urban ecosystems, on the other hand, differ in many ways from the forest ecosystem and the drivers of insect herbivory in cities are still debated.We monitored 48 urban trees from five species – three native and two exotic – in three parks of Montreal (Canada) for leaf insect herbivory and predator activity on artificial larvae, and linked herbivory with both predation and tree diversity in the vicinity of focal trees.Leaf insect herbivory decreased with increasing tree diversity and with increasing predator attack rate.Our findings indicate that tree diversity is a key determinant of multitrophic interactions between trees, herbivores and predators in urban environments and that managing tree diversity could contribute to pest control in cities.This article has been peer-reviewed and recommended by Peer Community in Ecologyhttps://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100061

scholarly journals Insights into the BRT (Boosted Regression Trees) Method in the Study of the Climate-Growth Relationship of Masson Pine in Subtropical China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Gu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Lijuan Ma ◽  
Zhiyuan Shang ◽  
Qipeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Regression Trees ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Boosted Regression Trees ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Masson Pine ◽  
Hydroclimatic Variability

Dendroclimatology and dendroecology have entered mainstream dendrochronology research in subtropical and tropical areas. Our study focused on the use of the chronology series of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.), the most widely distributed tree species in the subtropical wet monsoon climate regions in China, to understand the tree growth response to ecological and hydroclimatic variability. The boosted regression trees (BRT) model, a nonlinear machine learning method, was used to explore the complex relationship between tree-ring growth and climate factors on a larger spatial scale. The common pattern of an asymptotic growth response to the climate indicated that the climate-growth relationship may be linear until a certain threshold. Once beyond this threshold, tree growth will be insensitive to some climate factors, after which a nonlinear relationship may occur. Spring and autumn climate factors are important controls of tree growth in most study areas. General circulation model (GCM) projections of future climates suggest that warming climates, especially temperatures in excess of those of the optimum growth threshold (as estimated by BRT), will be particularly threatening to the adaptation of Masson pine.

Fluometuron in Soil Solution as an Indicator of Its Efficacy in Three Soils

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Patterson ◽  
Gale A. Buchanan ◽  
Robert H. Walker ◽  
Richard M. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam

Analysis of fluometuron [1,1-dimethyl-3-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)urea] in soil solution after application of 0.5 or 1.0 ppmw revealed up to five-fold differences among three Alabama soils (Lucedale fine sandy loam, Decatur silty clay loam, and Sacul loam). Differences in fluometuron in soil solution were attributed to variable organic matter present and clay fractions. Fluometuron concentration in soil solution for each soil correlated well with control of four broadleaf weed species in a field experiment.

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