scholarly journals DEGRADATION OF AFLATOXIN IN MAIZE USING FERULIC ACID (PHYDROXY-3-METHYL CINNAMIC ACID) CATALYZED BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
Nicholas Jacob Nicholas Jacob ◽  
Nicholas Jacob Nicholas Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Purpose: Agricultural management practices are key for higher production and are influenced by training as well as financial resources which enable farmers to adopt better practices as well as new farming methods. The general objective of the study was to the study was to establish influence of socio economic factors on staple food production.. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study found out that most of the farmers were marginalized on gender, age and education and still suffers inequalities in the development ladder. Gender inequality is still in existence and plays a major role in placing the women in informal sectors, in limited wages employment activities it is an outstanding factor that plays a major role in food insecurity at house hold level. Land is a major resource for food production and majority of the small scale farmers’ occupied land that was self-owned which was less than 1 acre and was not adequate for food production for sustainable food security Recommendations: The study recommends that that the extension services should be improved through retraining of existing extension workers , increasing the number of the extension service providers at farm levels .The government should also increase the facilitation of extension service so as to enable service delivery through training, demonstration , farm visit as well as group trainings amongst other training avenues so as to ensure the farmers are equipped with the right knowledge and technology for staple food production

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SOCIO ECONOMIC FACTORS ON STAPLE FOOD PRODUCTION. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
JAMES KIMANI
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
The Government ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose: Agricultural management practices are key for higher production and are influenced by training as well as financial resources which enable farmers to adopt better practices as well as new farming methods. The general objective of the study was to the study was to establish influence of socio economic factors on staple food production.. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study found out that most of the farmers were marginalized on gender, age and education and still suffers inequalities in the development ladder. Gender inequality is still in existence and plays a major role in placing the women in informal sectors, in limited wages employment activities it is an outstanding factor that plays a major role in food insecurity at house hold level. Land is a major resource for food production and majority of the small scale farmers’ occupied land that was self-owned which was less than 1 acre and was not adequate for food production for sustainable food security Recommendations: The study recommends that that the extension services should be improved through retraining of existing extension workers , increasing the number of the extension service providers at farm levels .The government should also increase the facilitation of extension service so as to enable service delivery through training, demonstration , farm visit as well as group trainings amongst other training avenues so as to ensure the farmers are equipped with the right knowledge and technology for staple food production

scholarly journals Integrated weed management practices and sustainable food production among farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Oyamedan Imoloame ◽  
Ibrahim Folorunsho Ayanda ◽  
Olayinka Jelili Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Abstract A survey was conducted in the Kwara State of Nigeria to study the integrated weed management (IWM) practices by farmers. This was in view of the poor weed management practices adopted by farmers, which is a major factor responsible for low yields of many arable crops in Kwara State. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 480 respondents, and a structured interview schedule was used to elicit information from them. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Factor analysis was also carried out to examine the perception of farmers’ benefits of IWM. Results showed that the majority of farmers (29.4%) were youths, married (89.1%), and involved in medium-scale farming (47.2%). Furthermore, 50.8% of the farmers had primary or secondary education. Although farmers use different weed control methods, more than half of them (54.7%) use herbicides. Most farmers (92.6%) are engaged in the use of IWM, However, 73.5% of them use a combination of herbicides and hoe weeding. Although not properly practiced, farmers perceived IWM as having socio-environmental (29.229%) and techno-efficacious (23.495%) benefits over either hoe weeding or herbicides used alone. The findings suggest a need to train farmers on all aspects of IWM to achieve self-sufficiency in food production in Kwara State.

scholarly journals How to Be Modern? The Social Negotiation of ‘Good Food’ in Contemporary China

Sociology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Y Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Social Negotiation ◽  
Rational Calculation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Good Food

Developing safe and sustainable food production for its population has been central to China’s ‘Modernisation Project’. Yet recent fieldwork in three Chinese cities suggests that there are two conflicting views on what a ‘modern’ agriculture should look like. For the government, modernisation implies a rational calculation of scale and a mirroring of global trends. But an alternative interpretation of modernity, promoted by civil society, has been gaining ground. For this camp, good food production is then established through a ‘rhizomic’ spread of new practices, which are inspired by world possibilities but are deeply rooted in the local context. Based on 14 interviews and five focus groups, this article investigates the ongoing social negotiation of ‘good food’ in China. It demonstrates how a non-western society responds to the twin processes of modernisation and globalisation and provides insights on the varieties of modernity in the making.

Energy efficiency in small-scale biointensive organic onion production in Pennsylvania, USA

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food System ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Sustainable Food System

AbstractModern agriculture relies heavily on fossil energy for food production. Reducing fossil energy and replacing that energy with renewable energy is critical in attaining a sustainable food system. Hand-scale intensive food production offers a reduction in fossil energy and an increased use of renewable human-based energy. Using biointensive production techniques, onions (Allium cepa) were grown in Pennsylvania, USA. A life-cycle analysis was performed to monitor energy utilization. Individual human labor tasks were evaluated using the factor method. This method accounts for the type and duration of physical activity. The average yield of eight onion varieties utilizing biointensive production in standard-sized beds (9.3 m2;100 ft2) was 160.2 kg. The US average for mechanical onion production is 46.1 kg/9.3 m2 (100 ft2). The energy efficiency ratio, specific energy and energy productivity were 51.5, 0.03 MJ kg−1 and 32.2 kg MJ−1 (MJ=megajoule), respectively. When defined within common boundaries, these three relationships: energy input, energy output and yield productivity allow researchers, farmers and policy-makers to select production systems and/or practices that better manage fossil and renewable energy for food production. Current mechanized agriculture has an energy efficiency ratio of 0.9. With most energy being supplied by fossil fuels. The energy efficiency for biointensive production of onions in our study was over 50 times higher than this value (51.5) and 83% of the total energy required is renewable energy. Biointensive production offers a viable energy use alternative to current production practices and may contribute to a more sustainable food system.

scholarly journals Boreal Agriculture Cannot Be Sustainable Without Food Sovereignty

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Keske
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Food System ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Community Governance ◽  
Food Regimes ◽  
Local Access ◽  
The Right ◽  
Agriculture And Food

Food sovereignty encompasses the right of humans to have access to, and to produce, healthy and culturally appropriate food. Food sovereignty exists within the “social” pillar of sustainability and sustainable food production. Over time, and as a result of colonialism and neo-liberal food regimes, Indigenous food system patterns in boreal regions have been disrupted. Imports make local food production economically infeasible. The intersection of food sovereignty and international trade is understudied. Food insecurity cycles are likely to perpetuate without deliberate action and government intervention. Policies that facilitate local access, and ownership, of agriculture and food processing facilities may foster food sovereignty. Indigenous community governance, and agricultural practices, are critical to restoring environmental and social sustainability.

scholarly journals Pursuing the potential of heirloom cultivars to improve adaptation, nutritional and culinary features in a changing climate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangam Dwivedi ◽  
Irwin Goldman ◽  
Rodomiro Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Traditional Cultivars ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

The burdens of malnutrition, protein and micronutrient deficiency, and obesity cause enormous costs to society. Crop nutritional quality has been compromised by the emphasis on edible yield and through the loss of biodiversity due to the introduction of high-yielding uniform cultivars. Heirloom crop cultivars are traditional cultivars grown for a long time (> 50 years), and whose heritage has been preserved by regional, ethnic or family groups. Heirlooms are recognized for their unique appearance, names, uses and historical significance. They are gaining in popularity because of their unique flavors and cultural significance to local cuisine, and their role in sustainable food production for small-scale farmers. As a contrast to modern cultivars, heirlooms may offer a welcome alternative in certain markets. Recently, market channels have emerged for heirloom cultivars in the form of farmer-breeder-chef collaborations and seed savers organizations. There is therefore urgent need to know more about the traits available in heirloom cultivars, particularly for productivity, stress tolerance, proximate composition, sensory quality and flavor. This information is scattered and the intention of this review is to document some of the unique characteristics of heirloom cultivars that may be channeled into breeding programs for developing locally adapted high value cultivars.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF EDO STATE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM EXTENSION SERVICES AMONG SMALL-SCALE CASSAVA FARMERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 584-593
Author(s):  
C. O. Ehilenboadiaye ◽  
E. A. Onemolease ◽  
O. Omoregie
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Edo State

This study assessed the expectations of cassava tuber farmers from the agricultural extension service providers in Edo State, Nigeria. It examined the support presently given to cassava farmers by the extension service viz-a-viz the needs of the farmers. To achieve these objectives, data were collected from 196 cassava tuber producers, randomly sampled from the three agricultural zones in the State. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential (multiple regression, Friedman and Cochran tests) statistics. Cochran test (χ2 = 596.35; p<0.01) revealed that information delivery on available improved varieties (0.939), land clearing/preparation methods (0.878), cassava stem treatment (0.872), recommended planting distance/spacing (0.867) and fertilizer application methods (0.857) were significant areas in which farmers have been supported by the extension service. Friedman test results (χ2 = 135.52; p<0.05) revealed that linking farmers to input suppliers (mean rank = 9.17) and training on proper cutting of cassava stems (mean = 9.10) were among the most significant needs. Multiple regression revealed that farm size (p<0.05) was the only variable significantly correlated with the extension needs of the farmers. The major constraints facing cassava tuber producers included high cost of improved varieties (mean = 3.85) and farming inputs (mean = 3.82) as well as poor access roads for transportation of cassava tubers. Taking advantage of group formation and linkage to credit were recommended.

scholarly journals Privacy in the Age of the Internet: Lawful Access Provisions and Access to ISP and OSP Subscriber Information

2016 ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Graham Mayeda
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Section 8 ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Government ◽  
C 30 ◽  
The Right

Bill C-30 (the Protecting Children from Internet Predators Act) and the Protecting Canadians from Online Crime Act are two recent attempts by the Canadian government to create incentives for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and Online Service Providers (OSPs) to disclose the subscriber information of Internet users to government agencies. In this article, the author argues that while such provisions may not violate section 8 of the Charter based on current judicial interpretation, they ought to be found unconstitutional. To date, the Supreme Court of Canada’s search and seizure jurisprudence uses a normative framework that does not distinguish between defining the right to privacy and justifying limitations to it. This approach is not consistent with that taken for other Charter rights. The recent decisions of the Supreme Court in R v. Spencer and R v. Fearon may signal a slight shift, but they do not go far enough. If courts defined privacy interests more broadly than under current law and required the government to justify restrictions on these interests under section 1, this would create a legal regime that achieves a better balance between competing privacy and security interests.

scholarly journals Analysis of Taking Decision of Farmers in Choosing Rice Cultivars: Case of Pakel District, Tulungagung, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 00037
Author(s):  
Rima Dewi Oryza Sativa ◽  
Jabal Tarik Ibrahim ◽  
Sutawi Sutawi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Rice, one of the main crops in Indonesia, is the largest staple food. To increase national rice production, the government improved productivity and expanded rice fields including the attitudes and preferences of farmers to choose and use the right superior seeds. The study was conducted in Pakel Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency, East Java Province in February 2019 to April 2019.The results showed that the farmers’ decision-making process for seeds was strongly influenced by price, yield, and resistance to pests and diseases. In addition to the promotion factor, the availability of seeds at the trader and product quality determines the stage of purchasing the seeds to be planted.

scholarly journals Strategy for the Development of Small Industry Smoking Roa Fish (Hemiramphus sp.) in Boalemo District, Gorontalo Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-91
Author(s):  
Andrian Djamalu ◽  
Sitti Nur Faridah ◽  
MH. Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Industry ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

About 95% of the demand for smoked Roa fish in the province of Gorontalo comes from outside the region. The Roa fish smoking industry provides the remaining 5% in Boalemo Regency. These conditions are affected by the lack of production capacity, production facilities, and capital owned by small businesses. This study aims to analyze the current needs of the small-scale Roa smoking industry, conduct financial feasibility analysis, and formulate a development strategy for the small-scale Roa fish smoking industry. The research method used was qualitative and quantitative research with data collection techniques in interviews, documentation, and SWOT analysis. The feasibility of the Roa smoking industry was determined through the NPV, IRR, BCR, PP, and BEP values. Based on the results obtained from SWOT analysis, it was found that the strength-opportunity strategy had the highest score. Policies to support this development strategy are creating brands and labels, improving cooperative relationships with existing partners and networks, and taking advantage of the abundant availability of raw materials to increase production capacity. In addition, it was also found that the lack of processing facility can be overcome and develop diversification or through assistance from the government or other agencies. It was also found that diversification of processed products derived from smoked Roa fish can become an important strategy. Other significant findings from this study were the demands for the product were high, and the industry could not keep up with the needs, the Roa smoking industry is investment-worthy, and the right strategy to develop this industry should be based on the Strength-Opportunity strategy.

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