scholarly journals FIRST LINE ANTI-RETRO VIRAL DRUGS DISRUPTS THE ESTRUS CYCLE OF WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Dr Aigbe Gregory Ohihoin
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
First Line ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Human Females ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Background: Patients with HIV AIDS are beginning to live longer and healthier lives due to the use of ARV therapy. The effect of long term usage of these agents on the reproductive potential of human females has not been well studied. The study of the estrus cycle in rats will give information on the possible effect of ARV's on the reproductive potential of humans.Aims: To elucidate the effects of the first-line ARV's, Efavirenz, Tenofovir and Lamivudine administered in a combined fashion, on the oestrous cycle of adult female Wistar rats.Material and Methods: Twenty-five female Wistar rats with a mean weight of 158.76g were used. A total of five groups of rats were involved in the study. Five rats were apportioned to each study group. All three ARV's were administered orally in a combined fashion to a particular group of Female Wistar rats and also administered individually to other groups while the control group received water. The estrous cycles of various groups of rats were monitored via microscopic analysis of their vaginal smearsResults: The control group had a consistently regular cycle, while the cycles of the rats in the combination therapy group and the rats that received efavirenz alone, became elongated relative to the control group. There was a 48-hour enlongated proestrous phase some of the rats.Conclusions: First-line ARV's - Tenofovir, Efavirenz, and Lamivudine- disrupt the estrous cycle of adult rats. Further investigation of the long term usage of these drugs on the menstrual cycle of human females is therefore necessary

scholarly journals Long-term valproate treatment induces changes in ovarian morphology and serum sex steroid hormone levels in female Wistar rats

Seizure ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 490-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Taubøll ◽  
Jouko I.T. Isojärvi ◽  
Hanne Flinstad Harbo ◽  
Arto J. Pakarinen ◽  
Leif Gjerstad
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Ovarian Morphology ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA EXTRACT ON FEMALE WISTAR RATS VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS MODEL

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD RUSDA
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Analytic Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Objective: To assess the antifungal effect of Nigella sativa extract on female Wistar rats vulvovaginal candidiasis. Methods: This was an analytic study that assess the therapeutic effect of Nigella sativa in rats’ vulvovaginal candidiasis model. The subjects were 28 rats that had been inoculated with Candida albicans and divided into 4 groups: control group (G1), fluconazole group (G2), Nigella sativa group (G3) and combination of Nigella sativa with fluconazole group (G4). Candida albicans colony was measured to assess the therapeutic effect of the treatment. Results: There were no difference number of Candida albicans colony between all group before inoculation (p = 0,274) and after inoculation (p = 0,323). There were a significant decreased number of Candida albicans colony on the 72 h after the treatment between the three types of treatment with the control group (Nigella sativa group p = 0,002; Fluconazole group p = 0,001; Nigella sativa+fluconazole p = 0,001) Conclusion: Nigella sativa has a potential antifungal effect by reducing the number of Candida albicans colonies.

Compartment analysis of metabolism of chromium(III) in rats of various ages.

1977 ◽  
Vol 232 (5) ◽  
pp. E478 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Onkelinx
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Compartment Analysis ◽  
Single Intravenous Injection ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Disappearance Curve ◽  
Plasma Disappearance Curve ◽  
Mammillary Model

The metabolism of chromium(III) was studied in groups of female Wistar rats of various ages (35, 60, and 120 days) after a single intravenous injection of 51CrCl3 in trace amounts. In all the animals, the plasma disappearance curve could be adequately described by a sum of three exponential terms between 0 and 265 h postinjection. A three-compartment mammillary model is proposed that permits the description of Cr(III) metabolism in quantitative terms. The model defines compartment volumes, clearances by exchange, and clearances by excretion. The total excretory clearance is the sum of three components: urinary clearance (fu), fecal clearance (fd), and a residual clearance (fs), corresponding to an apparently irreversible deposition of chromium into long term body reservoirs. The parameters of the model are reported for each age group; when their values are expressed per 100 g of body wt, all the components of the excretory clearance decrease with age. In all cases elimination takes place primarily via the urine and fs accounts for 31-41% of the total excretory clearance. Consistent with the model, 51Cr was found to accumulate with time in several organs such as bone, kidney, spleen, and liver after a single intravenous injection of 51CrCl3.

The Influence of Neonatal Treatment with Guanethidine on the Development of Isolation-Induced Hypertension in Adult Rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Gardiner ◽  
T. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Neonatal Treatment ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

1. Rats housed individually in glass metabolism cages develop hypertension. Since previous experiments have provided some evidence for the involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in the maintenance of the hypertension, the present work was designed to explore the possible involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in the genesis of isolation-induced hypertension. 2. Male and female Wistar rats were treated neonatally with guanethidine, with a protocol designed to produce an extensive peripheral sympathectomy; control rats received saline. 3. The effects of isolation on systolic blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte balances were studied when the rats were mature. 4. Guanethidine-treated rats did not develop hypertension in response to isolation whereas control rats did. 5. There were no significant differences between the fluid and electrolyte balances of the guanethidine-treated rats compared with controls throughout the period of isolation. 6. It is concluded that a fully functional sympathetic nervous system is required for the development of isolation-induced hypertension, but its involvement is not through a modulation of renal function.

OESTROGEN AND THE CONTROL OF GONADOTROPHIN SECRETION IN THE IMMATURE RAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. DÖCKE ◽  
G. DÖRNER
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oestrogen Treatment ◽  
Immature Rat ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Implantation Method

SUMMARY Experiments were performed in female Wistar rats on the mode of action of oestrogen in affecting gonadotrophin secretion during infancy. Using an improved implantation method, former findings on a hypophysial site of oestrogen action in the Hohlweg effect were confirmed. The sensitivity to the ovulation-inducing effect of oestradiol benzoate (OB) increased as the rats approached the age of natural puberty. The first spontaneous ovulation could be suppressed by intrahypophysial, but not by intrahypothalamic, progesterone implants. A single s.c. injection or intracranial administration of OB at 25 or 26 days of age, although leading to premature vaginal opening (VO) and, in some of the animals, to one ovulation, did not induce true precocious puberty. To accelerate the onset of puberty, 0·05 μg OB/100 g body wt had to be injected daily from 5 days of age to VO, or from day 5 to day 10 and, additionally, from day 26 to VO. After long-term oestrogen treatment, the gonadotrophin-inhibiting effect of OB implanted into the middle hypothalamus from 26 to 34 days of age was significantly reduced in comparison with untreated control rats. A final experiment demonstrated that the first ovarian cycle was not prolonged after neonatal ovariectomy and implantation of ovaries at 24, 28 or 32 days of age. The results indicate that similar neurohormonal mechanisms are operational at the first pubertal and at later cyclic ovulations. They also indicate that the maturation of the gonadotrophin-controlling mechanisms continues during infancy in the absence of ovarian steroids. It can be accelerated in Wistar rats by long-term, but not by short-term prepubertal oestrogen treatment.

The effects of long-term exposure to a 2450 MHz electromagnetic field on growth and pubertal development in female Wistar rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Sangun ◽  
Bumin Dundar ◽  
Hakan Darici ◽  
Selcuk Comlekci ◽  
Duygu Kumbul Doguc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Comparison of the absorption efficiency of α- and β-cryptoxanthin in female Wistar rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar E. Breithaupt ◽  
Elhadi M. Yahia ◽  
Francisco J. Valdés Velázquez
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Rat Livers

Xanthophylls, such as lutein and zeaxanthin, have received increasing interest in recent years because of positive correlations between their consumption and the prevention of eye diseases. Numerous human intervention studies have been conducted with lutein to estimate the bioavailability from different formulations. The present study was designed to obtain basic data on the absorbance efficiency of the monohydroxylated counterparts of lutein and zeaxanthin: α- and β-cryptoxanthin. A corn-oil-based diet comprising ß-cryptoxanthin from papaya purée and α-cryptoxanthin from green carrot leaves was fed to five female Wistar rats for 8 consecutive days at a rate of 17·3 nmol/d and 9·2 nmol/d, respectively. The identity of the xanthophylls in the supplement was ascertained by LC-(APCI)MS analyses, and xanthophylls present in liver and plasma samples were determined by HPLC/diode array detector (DAD). The β-cryptoxanthin concentrations of rat livers in the treatment group were statistically distinguishable (P < 0·01) from those present in the livers of the control group that were fed a basic diet. α-Cryptoxanthin, the second xanthophyll present in the supplement, was not found in rat livers in the treatment group. Plasma samples were free of xanthophylls. This is the first report proving that β-cryptoxanthin has a higher absorption efficiency than α-cryptoxanthin in rats, at least from a minimally processed oil-based xanthophyll supplement.

scholarly journals Fluoxetine effect on gestation and fetal development

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-159
Author(s):  
Bianca Eugenia Ösz ◽  
C. E. Vari ◽  
Maria Dogaru
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract The prenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is very controversial. There is no conclusive evidence for increased risk of malformations after SSRI use in pregnancy. The aim of the study was to determine how fluoxetine is affecting gestation and fetal development in rats. Twenty sexually mature female Wistar rats weighting between 250-260 g received 20 mg/kg body weight fluoxetine from the first day of gestation and during the entire gestation period.The drug was administered by oral route. Healthy, primipareus animals were selected along with 20 female Wistar rats, as control group. Mature males were caged with virgin females for an entire week. Rat’s behaviour during gestation, after birth and rats body weight was examined. The number of healthy pups was also noted. The females not giving birth after 21 days to any pup were anesthetized (halothane through gas scavenging apparatus untilled death) and the gravid uterus were dissected out and examined. Compared to the controlled group, in which weight gain was more significant, the animals from the experimental group had a slight increase in body weight. The weight gain normally induced by gestation, is less significant in fluoxetine treated rats due to the increase serotonin levels in the brain. The uteri examination of pregnant rats showed an increase in the number of dead and resorbed rat embryos. Preclinical studies suggest that the inclusion of fluoxetine in pregnancy category C is justified and the appropriateness of its administration in pregnancy is still an unresolved issue.

scholarly journals Lipid profile of Wistar rats fed normolipid diets with different fatty acid profiles / Perfil lipídico de ratos Wistar submetidos a dietas normolipídicas com diferentes perfis de ácidos graxos

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 121398-121411
Author(s):  
Thaís de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Edgar Willibaldo Allebrandt Neto ◽  
Wanessa Costa Silva Faria ◽  
Natalino Francisco da Silva ◽  
Josete Maria da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Adipose Tissues

The development of cardiovascular diseases is characterized by changes in the blood lipid profile, among other factors, which are closely related to the population's eating habits. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effects of diets with different lipid sources on the lipid profile of Wistar rats. Forty male and adult rats were used, divided into 5 groups (control - 7% soybean oil, CA - 7% canola oil, CO - 7% coconut oil, SO - 7% sunflower oil and LD - 7% lard) and fed normolipidic diets for 30 days. The variables food consumption, weight gain, weight of organs and adipose tissues, blood glucose, lipid profile and cardiovascular risk indicators in the experimental groups were evaluated in the study. The results showed strong compatibility between the CA and control groups, which did not differ in all variables, however, divergences were identified for the other groups. The LD group consumed 11% more than the control group and together with the CO group, gained the least weight. For the variables weight of organs and adipose tissues, glycemia and cardiovascular risk indicators, no significant differences were observed. Among the lipid profile parameters, the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL of animals that consumed sunflower oil and lard were significantly reduced compared to those of animals that consumed soybean oil. For the LDL fraction, all groups were similar to the control group, except for the LD group, which had a 58% lower content. The effects observed in the CO, SO and LD groups seem to result from a deficiency of essential fatty acids, since the respective sources do not meet the requirements of these nutrients.

scholarly journals Mung bean sprout extract suppresses Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) effect on the reproductive hormones (FSH and Estrogen) in female Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widati Fatmaningrum ◽  
Woro Setia Ningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bean Sprout ◽  
Mung Bean Sprouts ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Bean Sprouts

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of mung bean sprout extracts on Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estrogen hormone in female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to monosodium glutamate (MSG).Materials and Methods: This true experimental study was conducted by using post-test only control group design in the laboratory for animal experimentation of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Airlangga University in which Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 2 months weighing 150-200 grams were used in this experiment. The samples comprised of 5 rats distributed in each group, totaling 7 groups. I Control Group (P1) was provided with Aquades for 37 days; II (P2) was provided with Aquades for 7 days + MSG 0.03 mg/g of weight on day 8-37; III (P3) was provided with extract of mung bean sprouts 72mg/200g of weight on day 1-37 + MSG 0,03mg/g of weight; IV (P4) was provided with extract of mung bean sprouts 144mg/200g of weight on day 1-37 + MSG 0.03mg/g of weight; V (P5) was provided with Aquades for 7 days + MSG 0.7 mg/g of weight on day 8-37; VI (P6) was provided with extract of mung bean sprouts 72mg/200g of weight on day 1-37 + MSG 0.7mg/g of weight; VII (P7) was provided with extract of mung bean sprouts 144mg/200g of weight on day 1-37 + MSG 0.7mg/g of weight.Serum samples were taken for Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Estrogen with ELISA method. Data analysis to test the differences between groups was done by using one way Anova statistical test.Results: MSG dosage 0,03mg/gBB or 0,7mg/g BB was significant difference in FSH (p = 0,011) and estrogen (p = 0,008).Conclusion: obtained from this research that giving green bean sprout extract influence to the level of FSH and estrogen hormone.

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