TOOLS OR SYSTEMS FOR IMPROVING ACCESSIBILITY TO FINANCIAL PRODUCTS AND SERVICES.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Michael Njeru Njue ◽  
Marion Mbogo
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Credit Scoring ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Negative Effect

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to highlight the need for banks to develop financial products and services for small and medium enterprises.Methodology:The research design was descriptive survey study. The target population was 46 commercial banks .The sampling frame was the list of commercial banks given at the Central bank of Kenya Website. A sample of 17 banks was selected using random sampling. The second stage of sampling involved the selection of the respondents using a stratified sampling approach. The strata were the various departments that interact with SMEs in a bank. The respondents were the head of departments of the respective departments that form the strata. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire that consisted of both open ended and close ended questions. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS.Results: One of the study objectives was to establish the level of access to financial products and services offered by the banks to SMEs. Results from the bank manager’s perspective indicated that the level of access to finance was high, but the bank clients indicated otherwise, that it was low. The other objective of the study was to determine the factors that hinder the SMEs from accessing the financial products offered by banks. Results indicated that several factors influence access of SMEs to finance. These factors include gender, level of education, size of the business, age of the entrepreneur, collateral, and level of income for the entrepreneurs. All the factors had a negative effect on the access of finances from the banks by SMEs and hence indicate SMEs low access to financial products. Another objective of the study was to establish the tools or systems required to improve accessibility to financial products offered. Results indicated that there are tools and systems put in place by banks to improve accessibility to financial products offered to small and medium enterprises.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:The study recommended that training be emphasized to SME entrepreneurs on financial matters, all gender to be treated equally, the banks to introduce financial education programs for SMEs to improve their access to credit, banks to further make use of a credit scoring system to assess the credit worthiness of small businesses and to introduce the use of new credit bureau regulations to increase SME finances.

IMPROVING ACCESS TO BANKING PRODUCTS AND SERVICES FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN KENYA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Michael Njeru Njue ◽  
Marion Mbogo
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Credit Scoring ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Financial Products

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to highlight the need for banks to develop financial products and services for small and medium enterprises.Methodology:The research design was descriptive survey study. The target population was 46 commercial banks .The sampling frame was the list of commercial banks given at the Central bank of Kenya Website. A sample of 17 banks was selected using random sampling. The second stage of sampling involved the selection of the respondents using a stratified sampling approach. The strata were the various departments that interact with SMEs in a bank. The respondents were the head of departments of the respective departments that form the strata. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire that consisted of both open ended and close ended questions. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS.Results: One of the study objectives was to establish the level of access to financial products and services offered by the banks to SMEs. Results from the bank manager’s perspective indicated that the level of access to finance was high, but the bank clients indicated otherwise, that it was low. The other objective of the study was to determine the factors that hinder the SMEs from accessing the financial products offered by banks. Results indicated that several factors influence access of SMEs to finance. These factors include gender, level of education, size of the business, age of the entrepreneur, collateral, and level of income for the entrepreneurs. All the factors had a negative effect on the access of finances from the banks by SMEs and hence indicate SMEs low access to financial products. Another objective of the study was to establish the tools or systems required to improve accessibility to financial products offered. Results indicated that there are tools and systems put in place by banks to improve accessibility to financial products offered to small and medium enterprises.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:The study recommended that training be emphasized to SME entrepreneurs on financial matters, all gender to be treated equally, the banks to introduce financial education programs for SMEs to improve their access to credit, banks to further make use of a credit scoring system to assess the credit worthiness of small businesses and to introduce the use of new credit bureau regulations to increase SME finances.

LEVEL OF ACCESS TO FINANCIAL PRODUCTS AND SERVICES FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN KENYA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Michael Njeru Njue ◽  
Marion Mbogo
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Credit Scoring ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to highlight the level of access to financial products and services for small and medium enterprises in KenyaMethodology:The research design was descriptive survey study. The target population was 46 commercial banks .The sampling frame was the list of commercial banks given at the Central bank of Kenya Website. A sample of 17 banks was selected using random sampling. The second stage of sampling involved the selection of the respondents using a stratified sampling approach. The strata were the various departments that interact with SMEs in a bank. The respondents were the head of departments of the respective departments that form the strata. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire that consisted of both open ended and close ended questions. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS.Results: The study objectives were to establish the level of access to financial products and services offered by the banks to SMEs. Results from the bank manager’s perspective indicated that the level of access to finance was high, but the bank clients indicated otherwise, that it was low. The other objective of the study was to determine the factors that hinder the SMEs from accessing the financial products offered by banks. Results indicated that several factors influence access of SMEs to finance. These factors include gender, level of education, size of the business, age of the entrepreneur, collateral, and level of income for the entrepreneurs. All the factors had a negative effect on the access of finances from the banks by SMEs and hence indicate SMEs low access to financial products. Results also indicated that there are tools and systems put in place by banks to improve accessibility to financial products offered to small and medium enterprises.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:The study recommended that training be emphasized to SME entrepreneurs on financial matters, all gender to be treated equally, the banks to introduce financial education programs for SMEs to improve their access to credit, banks to further make use of a credit scoring system to assess the credit worthiness of small businesses and to introduce the use of new credit bureau regulations to increase SME finances.

FACTORS HINDERING SMES FROM ACCESSING THE FINANCIAL PRODUCTS OFFERED BY BANKS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Njeru Njue ◽  
Marion Mbogo
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Credit Scoring ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Credit Worthiness

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this study was to highlight the factors hindering SMES from accessing the financial products offered by banks.Methodology:The research design was descriptive survey study. The target population was 46 commercial banks .The sampling frame was the list of commercial banks given at the Central bank of Kenya Website. A sample of 17 banks was selected using random sampling. The second stage of sampling involved the selection of the respondents using a stratified sampling approach. The strata were the various departments that interact with SMEs in a bank. The respondents were the head of departments of the respective departments that form the strata. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire that consisted of both open ended and close ended questions. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS.Results:It can be concluded that there were several factors that hindered SMEs access to financial products and services. In particular these factors included lack of credit worthiness information about SMES, lack of collateral limits the SME access to finance, low net value of the entrepreneurs in terms of assets and liabilities (Capital) limits SME access to finance borrower’s lack of honesty and trustworthiness (character) limits SME access to finances.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:The study recommended that training be emphasized to SME entrepreneurs on financial matters, all gender to be treated equally, the banks to introduce financial education programs for SMEs to improve their access to credit, banks to further make use of a credit scoring system to assess the credit worthiness of small businesses and to introduce the use of new credit bureau regulations to increase SME finances.

scholarly journals A construction Industry Case Factors of commercial banks’ loan eligibility of small businesses in South Africa: a construction industry case

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-430
Author(s):  
Lindy Mtsweni Yolande Mtsweni
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Credit Scoring ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Loan Terms ◽  
Major Factors

This study determines the factors that affect commercial banks’ loan eligibility of small businesses in the construction industry in South Africa. A multiple case study design and six randomly selected small businesses (i.e., three unsuccessful-declined and three successful-approved loan applicants) were used in this study. The qualitative methodology was applied to interview three senior managers from a commercial bank and six senior officials of the businesses, which had undergone the assessment process. The small enterprise assets finance applications of interviewed clients’ outcomes and the credit scoring outcomes either formal complaint letters or minutes were also evaluated after the credit scoring decision had been made to obtain more in-depth data. The main finding of the study was that client’s relationship, background, character, collateral, capital, capacity and affordability are major factors of loan eligibility of small businesses in South Africa. Of particular importance was that, typical relationship-based term loans were based on a business relationship built over years of lending, allowing for substantial flexibility in loan terms.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN KENYA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-73
Author(s):  
Peninah Kimani ◽  
Dr. Sifunjo Kisaka
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of collective investment schemes in financial inclusion in Kenya.Methodology: The research design was descriptive survey study in nature since it focused on all collective investment schemes in Kenya. The target population was collective investment schemes. A sample of 11 collective schemes was selected using random sampling. The second stage of sampling involved the selection of the respondents using a stratified sampling approach. The strata were the various respondents in the schemes. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire that consisted of both open ended and close ended questions. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and results presented in frequency tables to show how the responses for the various questions posed to the respondents. The data was then analysed in terms of descriptive statistics like frequencies, means and percentages.Results: The findings implied The study concludes that there was low access to financial products in the investment schemes. It is also possible to conclude that the there were several factors that affect financial inclusion in Kenya. These factors include age of the investor, gender, level of education and level of income.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that measures such as target marketing the segments with low access to collective investments and increasing the market budget to investors on financial matters, may be adopted. Such measures would ensure gendered financial inclusion, and inclusion of social economic classes characterized by age, level of income, education and rural urban classes.

Money creation, debt, and justice

2021 ◽  
pp. 1470594X2199973
Author(s):  
Peter Dietsch
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Private Bank ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Financial Architecture ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
Money Creation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Interbank Lending ◽  
Alternative Designs

Theories of justice rely on a variety of criteria to determine what social arrangements should be considered just. For most theories, the distribution of financial resources matters. However, they take the existence of money as a given and tend to ignore the way in which the creation of money impacts distributive justice. Those with access to collateral are favoured in the creation of credit or debt, which represents the main form of money today. Appealing to the idea that access to credit confers freedom, and that inequalities in this freedom are morally arbitrary, this article shows how the advantage to those with collateral plays out in different ways in today’s economy. The article identifies several forms of bias inherent in money creation, and its subsequent destruction: loans from commercial banks to individuals and corporations, interbank lending, lending from central banks to commercial banks, and selective bail-outs by central banks. These are not mere inequalities: they are unjust since alternative designs of the financial architecture exist that would significantly reduce them. The paper focuses on one possible reform with the potential to address several of the types of bias identified, namely the separation of money creation from private bank credit.

The impact of credit risk on the financial stability of commercial banks in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quoc Anh ◽  
Duong Nguyen Thanh Phuong
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of credit risk on the financial stability of Vietnamese commercial banks. The paper uses the Z-score to proxy the financial stability of banks. We use the data of 27 Vietnamese commercial banks on BankScope, during 2010 - 2019. The paper applied a dynamic panel data approach; the selected method is the difference GMM (DGMM). The key question discussed is which factor impacts on Z-score. Analysis results show the negative effect of non-performing loans on the financial stability of banks. When commercial banks have higher non-performing loans, the lower the financial stability is. Additionally, bank-specific variables such as equity on asset ratio, the return on equity, the size of the bank and set of macroeconomic variables affect the bank’s financial stability. Based on the analysis results, we imply relevant policies for the State Bank of Vietnam and commercial banks.

scholarly journals Parents’ Career Values, Adaptability, Career-Specific Parenting Behaviors, and Undergraduates’ Career Adaptability

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 922-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Guan ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Qing Gong ◽  
Zijun Cai ◽  
Sabrina Lingxiao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Support ◽  
Parenting Behaviors ◽  
Parental Engagement ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Career Values ◽  
Negative Effect

This study examined how Chinese parents’ career values and adaptability predict their career-specific parenting behaviors and their children’s career adaptability. We conducted a survey study with Chinese university students and their parents ( N = 264), and found support for the mediating roles of career-specific parenting behaviors in linking parents’ vocational characteristics and children’s career adaptability. Specifically, parental support is positively related to parents’ intrinsic fulfillment values, work–life balance values, and career adaptability. Moreover, parental support mediates the relationship between these variables and undergraduates’ career adaptability. Parental engagement mediates the negative effect of external compensation values and positive effect of work–life balance values on undergraduates’ career adaptability. Parental interference is negatively related to parents’ work–life balance values, and positively related to their external compensation values and career adaptability, but does not significantly predict undergraduates’ career adaptability. These findings advance current understanding of the career construction theory.

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