To date, in the field of monitoring deformations of the earth’s surface in the area of opencast mining, there is almost no current regulatory and methodological documentation that regulates the conduct of observations and at the same time takes into account the features of existing mining facilities of opencast mining and the possibilities of modern survey technologies. The paper gives an approach to determining a set of methods for deformation monitoring within the territory of mining enterprises engaged in open-pit mining, based on the results of the typification of mining facilities. The developed typification makes it possible to estimate the degree of complexity of mining-engineering facilities, taking into account their size, features of engineering-geological, hydrogeological and orographic conditions, geodynamic processes. To increase the information content of mine surveying, as well as the quality and accuracy of deformation monitoring as a whole, it is proposed to include technologies for Earth remote sensing from space, namely, satellite-based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry, used within the proposed concept for areal monitoring of deformations and detection potentially hazardous areas at complex and particularly complex opencast mining facilities. The proposed approach to the organization of deformation monitoring was tested within the territory of the Khibiny apatite-nepheline deposit of the Rasvumchorr Plateau: the complexity of conditions for the development of the Tsentralny open pit was evaluated and recommendations were formulated for conducting mine surveying of deformations of the earth’s surface in its territory using satellite-based SAR interferometry. This method was used to analyze deformations of the earth’s surface for the periods from 2007 to 2011 and from 2015 to 2016 according to data from the ALOS PALSAR, TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1 satellites.
Using the typification of mining-engineering facilities to substantiate deformation monitoring of opencast mining