scholarly journals Methodological aspects around the reconstruction of surname sub-sets in bimodal networks

AWARI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Regional Power ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Bimodal Networks ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Relational Treatment

This article addresses the methodological aspects surrounding the transformation of a cadastral land registry from the end of the 19th century belonging to the department of Humahuacua, Jujuy province (Argentina), in a series of bimodal matrices and networks. The idea that has guided the relational treatment of the data towards said historical sources, starts from the premise that certain individuals carrying a discrete set of surnames, and who have shared similar monetary amounts of appraisal declared in the said land cadastre, were more likely to link with each other in different areas of social life, such as the limited political and regional power circle of the late nineteenth century in Jujuy. The results obtained show the possibility of delimiting and reconstructing sub-sets of surnames that are linked less and/or more frequently to each other, according to four pre-constructed appraisal categories based on a segmentation of the registered monetary valuations in the land registry. Likewise, and as a product of this new grouping of information arising from the application of Social Network Analysis (ARS), it is feasible to limit the study to the qualitative aspects (age, residence, descent, nuptial ties, baptismal sponsorships) of individuals that formed part of these resulting sub-sets, through the focused search of ecclesiastical acts recorded within the same historical period.

scholarly journals WOMEN’S EDUCATION IN THE ASPECT OF THE PROFILE OF TEACHING AND TRAINING OF TEACHERS IN RUSSIAN SCHOOL OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH – THE EARLY 20TH CENTURIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Elena V. Kireeva ◽  
Natalia N. Zubareva
Keyword(s):  
Women's Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Russian School ◽  
The Social ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
And Training ◽  
Educational Ideal

This article defi nes the key problems of women’s education in the system of specialised education in Russian school of the second half of the 19th – the early 20th centuries from the point of view of the issue of training of teachers. The authors analysed approaches to the problems of women’s education profi le, taking into account the class character of education and the demands of the society of the considered historical period. The publication systematises the works of outstanding Russian theoretical pedagogues of the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. in the context of the ideological and organisational and methodological aspects of women’s education, as well as the search for its educational ideal that corresponds to the social roles of women of that time. The programme of the course of pedagogy for women’s educational institutions of the second half of the 19th century is analysed from that point of view, and the conclusion is made about its practical orientation in solving the problem of isolation of women’s education from the realities of life. The considered ideas and principles of the leading theoretical pedagogues of this period on the problems of women’s education within the framework of the profi le of training are not only of historical signifi cance, but also show continuity in solving a number of modern educational problems.

scholarly journals “Family. Oh! The Family!” – Portrayals of Family as an Educational Environment in Selected Literary Works from the 19th And 20th Centuries

Pedagogika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Kamila Gandecka
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The Family ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Scholarly Inquiry

The family, as the basic microstructure of social life, constitutes, at the very least by supposition, the first and foremost educational environment of a child; an environment which should correspond to the child’s natural needs, especially psychological ones, such as the need for love, unconditional acceptance, the need for respect and recognition, activity, independence, and self-realization [9]. This why M. Lukšienė states, “A good family home is the basis of human physical and spiritual life; it guarantees one’s efficient, creative activity”. The parents’ worldview plays an important role in education, providing an answer to the fundamental questions concerning our existence: Who am I? What sense does my life have? What is the goal of my life? What ideals and rules of action do I represent? What is the world and my place within it? Undoubtedly, a variety of factors affect the shaping of a young person’s worldview, among them school, religion, ideology, the level of social development, social organization, the particular historical period in which the person lives, as well as certain individual psychological predispositions. Nevertheless, parents have always played the pivotal role in the shaping of children’s worldview. Parents prepare their children for an independent life in society by teaching them values, norms, models of behavior, and cultural customs. In this way, parents fulfil their function as a microstructure, fulfilling aims that support the macrostructure. Beginning with the second half of the 19th century, the notion of the family becomes one of the main themes in Polish literature, appearing in the works of such authors as Bolesław Prus, Henryk Sienkiewicz, Eliza Orzeszkowa, Stefan Żeromski, Władysław Reymont, and Maria Konopnicka. Moreover, the literary representation of the family as an educational environment of a child is also often evoked in the theoretical musings of professionals in the field of education. Thse professionals include Helena Radlińska, Jerzy Ostrowski, Janusz Korczak, and Aleksandra Kamiński. In conclusion, the broadly defined notion of family is, without question, universal and timeless. As an area of scholarly inquiry, it requires an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses all possible perspectives.

scholarly journals Grimy Heritage: Organic Bar Streets in Shanghai and Tokyo

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Farrer
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Community Formation ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Moral Reasons ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Social Functions

Abstract Every city has built environments that are largely regarded as eyesores, for aesthetic, social, or moral reasons. Urban nightlife streets are examples of such ‘grimy heritage’. Not only shabby and disorderly, they harbour forms of commercial sex, drinking cultures, and ephemeral nightlife cultures that many city residents and government officials consider undesirable. Sometimes their built forms are regarded as the enemy of genuine heritage architecture, since they obscure more solid, carefully designed structures around them. However, in many cities, organic nightlife streets—developing in such spaces precisely because they were derelict or poorly regulated—serve important social functions as spaces of creativity and community formation. This paper examines the ways that such ‘grimy heritage’ has developed in Shanghai and Tokyo, using examples from ethnographic research and historical sources, and addressing the question of the contribution of the ‘grimy heritage’ to authentic, urban social life.

Industrial archaeology: a thematic or a period discipline?

Antiquity ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (243) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Industrial Archaeology ◽  
Part Time ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
University Expansion ◽  
Ancient Monument ◽  
The 19Th Century

A thematic or a period discipline?Industrial archaeology has generally been defined as a thematic discipline, concerned with only one aspect of man’s past activity. Although the term ‘archaeology of industry’ was used in the 19th century, it was Michael Rix who used the phrase ‘industrial archaeology’ in print for the first time (Rix 1955). He later defined industrial archaeology as ‘recording, preserving in selected cases and interpreting the sites and structures of early industrial activity, particularly the monuments of the Industrial Revolution’ (Rix 1967: 5). The emphasis on the term ‘industrial monument’ followed a need to define an industrial class of Ancient Monument so that some examples would be scheduled. Industrial archaeology, then, grew from the need to record and preserve standing structures threatened with demolition rather than an inherent desire to understand more about the historical period of the monuments. It was perhaps felt that understanding of the industrial revolution period was more readily arrived at by other means, particularly written historical evidence. During the ‘rescue’ years of the 1960s and 1970s, archaeology was one of the two areas of fastest university expansion and very popular in extra-mural teaching. But none of the archaeology departments took up industrial archaeology, although many of the extra-mural departments did; it is largely as a part-time, amateur interest that industrial archaeology has flourished ever since. The author’s post as an industrial archaeologist in the Leicester archaeology department is one of the first occasions on which the specialism has been given a place in full-time undergraduate archaeology courses.

scholarly journals Multimedia integration of cartographic source materials for researching and presenting phenomena from economic history

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Lorek
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Texture Mapping ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Industrial Landscape ◽  
Multimedia Integration ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract The article presents a framework for integrating historical sources with elements of the geographical space recorded in unique cartographic materials. The aim of the project was to elaborate a method of integrating spatial data sources that would facilitate studying and presenting the phenomena of economic history. The proposed methodology for multimedia integration of old materials made it possible to demonstrate the successive stages of the transformation which was characteristic of the 19th-century space. The point of reference for this process of integrating information was topographic maps from the first half of the 19th century, while the research area comprised the castle complex in Kórnik together with the small town – the pre-industrial landscape in Wielkopolska (Greater Poland). On the basis of map and plan transformation, graphic processing of the scans of old drawings, texture mapping of the facades of historic buildings, and a 360° panorama, the source material collected was integrated. The final product was a few-minute-long video, composed of nine sequences. It captures the changing form of the castle building together with its facades, the castle park, and its further topographic and urban surroundings, since the beginning of the 19th century till the present day. For a topographic map sheet dating back to the first half of the 19th century, in which the hachuring method had been used to present land relief, a terrain model was generated. The transition from parallel to bird’s-eye-view perspective served to demonstrate the distinctive character of the pre-industrial landscape.

scholarly journals A família (en)contra a escola: pobreza, conflitos e obrigatoriedade escolar nas Minas Gerais do século XIX

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Fabiana Da Silva Viana
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Education ◽  
State Government ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Compulsory School ◽  
School Poverty ◽  
The 19Th Century

Neste artigo dedico-me ao estudo das relações estabelecidas entre pais de família, professores primários e autoridades locais em Minas Gerais, nas primeiras décadas do século XIX. Para tanto, recorri a um grande número de documentos produzidos por presidentes de província, bem como pela Assembleia Legislativa e pelas autoridades responsáveis pela fiscalização das escolas primárias mineiras. Já no alvorecer do século XIX, o desejo de civilizar e formar o cidadão trabalhador motivara a elaboração de dispositivos legais voltados à organização e ampliação do serviço de instrução pública. Foi neste contexto que intelectuais e políticos defenderam a educação das crianças e a generalização da instrução pública primária, considerando-as como as medidas mais adequadas à formação da nação brasileira. Em Minas Gerais, o que se observa a partir daí é a intensificação, nos discursos de intelectuais e dirigentes, de uma preocupação com a infância e sua preparação para a vida adulta. Preocupação, contudo, alicerçada em uma percepção um tanto preconceituosa e negativa em relação à moralidade das famílias mineiras e na compreensão de que elas eram incapazes de zelar pelo futuro de suas crianças. O que tais intelectuais e políticos não esperavam, contudo, é que os pais de família resistissem a essas representações, demonstrando a fragilidade das críticas que lhes eram dirigidas e o caráter ainda incipiente das ações do governo do Estado.Family encounter school: poverty, conflicts and compulsory school in Minas Gerais of the 19th century. In this paper I study the relations established among parents, primary teachers and local authorities in the first decades of the nineteenth century in Minas Gerais. To do so, I relied on a large number of documents produced by provincial presidents, by the Legislative Assembly and by the authorities responsible for supervising primary schools in Minas Gerais. In the late nineteenth century, the desire to civilize and to form the working citizens motivated the elaboration of legal devices whose aim was to organize and to expand the public education service. It was in this context that intellectuals and politicians defended the children’s education for all and the generalization of primary public education as the most appropriate measures for the formation of Brazilian nation. In Minas Gerais, what is observed from there is the intensification in the discourses of intellectuals and leaders of a concern with childhood and its preparation for adult life. This concern was based on a prejudiced and negative perception of the morality of Minas families and on the understanding that they were unable to take care of the future of their children. What such intellectuals and politicians did not expect, however, was the resistance of the parents to these representations. They demonstrate the fragility of the criticisms directed against them and the incipience of the state government policies. Keywords: Public education; Compulsory school; Family-school relationship.

scholarly journals ‘He came to her bed pretending courtship’: sex, courtship and the making of marriage in Ulster, 1750–1844

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (162) ◽  
pp. 244-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Presbyterian Church ◽  
Sex And Sexuality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Formed Part

AbstractThe history of sex and sexuality is underdeveloped in Irish historical studies, particularly for the period before the late-nineteenth century. While much has been written on rates of illegitimacy in Ireland, and its regional diversity, little research has been conducted on how ordinary women and men viewed sex and sexuality. Moreover, we still know little about the roles that sex played in the rituals of courtship and marriage. Drawing on a sample of Presbyterian church records, this article offers some new insights into these areas. It argues that sexual intercourse and other forms of sexual activity formed part of the normal courtship rituals for many young Presbyterian couples in Ulster. Courting couples participated in non-penetrative sexual practices, such as petting, groping and bundling. Furthermore, while sexual intercourse did not have a place in the formal route to marriage, many couples engaged in it regardless.

scholarly journals MULTIPLE FACTORS OF POVERTY IN THE 21ST CENTURY. METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
TETIANA PETRUSHYNA
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
Analytical Point ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Globalized World

The article is devoted to the sociological understanding of the poverty analysis methodological aspects as a topical social problem of today. Despite the defining poverty eradication as the number one goal in the Millennium Declaration and the priority task of sustainable world development by 2030, numerous scientific/political discussions and practical recommendations for overcoming poverty, it remains one of the most acute socio-economic and moral-ethical problems of humankind. The manifestation of multiple poverty factors — situational, socio-demographic, socio-economic, socio-political, socio-cultural, institutional — only increases the need for a clear understanding of the root causes of the existence and reproduction of this phenomenon. Within capitalism, they consist of abandoning the principles of Keynesianism and the welfare state and the transition to the principles of neoliberalism, which determine the socio-economic essence of the society in today’s globalized world. It is no coincidence that analysts of all the most influential international organizations directly or indirectly recognize that the ineffectiveness of the fight against poverty is a consequence of the existing rules of modern social life. Poverty is an integral part of capitalism, one of the most acute and widespread forms of inequality and injustice inherent in this social order. The multifaceted nature of poverty phenomenon and the variety of approaches to its assessment led to the emergence of a giant thesaurus on these issues (absolute, relative, social, multidimensional poverty etc.). Identifying and assessing poverty, adequately to the complex realities of life, are essential points not only from a cognitive-analytical point of view but also for the elaboration of effective measures to overcome it.

scholarly journals A history of Malawi’s criminal justice system: from pre-colonial to democratic periods

Fundamina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-336
Author(s):  
Lewis Chezan Bande
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Limited Government ◽  
Correctional Services ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
History Of

This contribution traces the historical development of the criminal justice system in Malawi, from the pre-colonial period, through the colonial and independence periods, to the contemporary democratic period. It highlights the major political hallmarks of each historical period and their impact on the development of the criminal justice system. The contribution shows that all aspects of the current criminal justice system – substantive criminal law, procedural law, criminallaw enforcement agencies, courts and correctional services – are products of political and constitutional processes and events of the past century. Their origins are directly traceable to the imposition of British protectorate rule on Nyasaland in the late nineteenth century. The development of the Malawian criminal justice system since then has been heavily influenced by the tension and conflict of colonialism, the brutality of one-party dictatorship and the country’s quest for a constitutional order that is based on liberal principles of democracy, rule of law, transparency and accountability, respect for human rights, limited government and equality before the law. To properly understand Malawi’s current criminal justice system, one has to know and appreciate its historical origins and development.

scholarly journals Philosophical problems of the process of urbanization of society

KANT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
Evgeny Tufanov ◽  
Inna Kravchenko ◽  
Sergey Yanush
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Ethnic Associations

Philosophical problems of social life and activity, relationships in ethnic groups and associations that have historically lived in certain territories, are one of the most topical and superficially studied problems in the circles of scientists and practitioners of the Humanities. The traditional system of generally accepted principles and values of diverse ethnic associations has a tendency to transform against the background of the development of the historical period of time. Among individuals of diverse nationalities, the vision of the essential conditions for creative activity is an explicable characteristic of groups that are distinguished by the prevalence of the younger generation, peoples who are more literate, highly qualified and civilized. In the older generation of the Mature age group, orientations predominate in favor of the value of marriage and family relations.

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